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BMC Urology Apr 2019Penoscrotal edema is typically caused by lymphatic obstruction, which can have both primary and secondary causes. Studies describing congenital penoscrotal edema are... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Penoscrotal edema is typically caused by lymphatic obstruction, which can have both primary and secondary causes. Studies describing congenital penoscrotal edema are rare. Surgery can be divided into two types: The first approach involves extensive removal of diseased tissue and tissue reconstruction. The second approach is removal of the lesions and creating additional lymphatic vascular anastomoses.
CASE PRESENTATION
We present a case report of a 15-year-old patient with recurrent penoscrotal edema and swelling of both lower extremities. The literature were also reviewed to provide additional information. Physical examination revealed slow lymphatic reflux of the lower extremities and no obvious abnormalities in testicular morphology, bilaterally, or blood supply. Surgery was performed by excising the affected skin and subcutaneous tissue and the flaps was cut in the middle in Y shape to cover the penis and scrotum. Postoperative follow-up revealed wound integrity and patient satisfaction with the outcome.
CONCLUSION
Excision and reconstructive surgery are the primary treatments for penoscrotal edema. The majority of reported patients undergoing excision and reconstruction achieved satisfactory reshaping and improved their life quality.
Topics: Edema; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Penis; Scrotum
PubMed: 30987638
DOI: 10.1186/s12894-019-0456-6 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2023Thrombocytopenia, anasarca, myelofibrosis, renal dysfunction, and organomegaly (TAFRO) syndrome is a rare condition with diverse clinical and pathological...
Thrombocytopenia, anasarca, myelofibrosis, renal dysfunction, and organomegaly (TAFRO) syndrome is a rare condition with diverse clinical and pathological characteristics related to multi-organ damage. We report a case of TAFRO syndrome complicated by immune thrombocytopenia with prolonged fever and thrombocytopenia for several weeks. A 61-year-old man was transferred with sepsis caused by Enterococcus faecalis, and developed disseminated intravascular coagulation. Antibiotics treatment was initiated: however, low-grade fever and thrombocytopenia persisted despite the adequate antimicrobial treatment. Systemic edema, pleural effusion, and ascites had developed before hospitalization, and renal and liver function had deteriorated, resulting in progressive multi-organ damage. Prednisolone 40 mg/day was initiated based on the assumption of a condition in which excessive production of inflammatory cytokines would lead to systemic deterioration and fatal organ damage. Subsequently, the fever resolved, and renal function began to normalize. However, thrombocytopenia did not show much recovery trend after Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy and initiation of thrombopoietin receptor agonists. Bone marrow biopsy results showed normal bone marrow with no malignant findings. Alternatively, significant clinical signs met the diagnostic criteria for TAFRO syndrome, and a renal biopsy revealed thrombotic microangiopathy, which is also reasonable for renal involvement in TAFRO syndrome. The use of cyclosporine remarkably corrected the thrombocytopenia. We considered this a case of TAFRO syndrome that developed after sepsis with disseminated intravascular coagulation and performed the differential diagnosis of prolonged thrombocytopenia and excluded it. Although TAFRO syndrome is a unique disease concept, diagnostic criteria may consist of nonspecific elements such as generalized edema, thrombocytopenia, persistent fever, and elevated inflammatory response, and there are many differential conditions to exclude, requiring caution in diagnosing TAFRO syndrome.
Topics: Male; Humans; Infant; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation; Thrombotic Microangiopathies; Fever; Edema; Sepsis
PubMed: 37901232
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1266187 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2019Lasers and light-based devices are indispensable to an aesthetic dermatology practice. The growing popularity of lasers has been matched by a sharp increase in the... (Review)
Review
Lasers and light-based devices are indispensable to an aesthetic dermatology practice. The growing popularity of lasers has been matched by a sharp increase in the incidence of complications. The Indian skin with its high melanin content is more prone to injury and careful setting of laser parameters, early detection of complications and immediate therapy are vital to avoiding permanent sequelae. We review the various complications that occur during laser procedures and their management.
Topics: Blister; Edema; Humans; Laser Therapy; Low-Level Light Therapy; Phototherapy; Postoperative Complications; Skin Pigmentation
PubMed: 30560814
DOI: 10.4103/ijdvl.IJDVL_88_17 -
Danish Medical Journal Feb 2024Cellulitis is a common infection, especially among the elderly, and compression therapy is often recommended to reduce acute oedema and pain. A previous study showed...
INTRODUCTION
Cellulitis is a common infection, especially among the elderly, and compression therapy is often recommended to reduce acute oedema and pain. A previous study showed that compression therapy led to a lower incidence of recurrent cellulitis in lower extremities in patients with chronic oedema. The aim of this study was to describe clinical characteristics of patients with cellulitis.
METHODS
This was a retrospective descriptive study reviewing medical records and medicine registrations in patients ≥ 18 years with cellulitis.
RESULTS
A total of 104 patients were hospitalised with cellulitis; 13 were excluded. The median age was 75 years (range: 33-103 years), 64% > 70 years. The median admission time was five days (range: 1-24 days). Median antibiotic treatment duration was 11 days (range: 4-56 days). A total of 45% were current or former smokers, 40% were overweight, 48% had preexisting chronic oedema of the affected area, 90% had become infected in the lower extremities and 19% were readmitted within six months. A total of 51% had a new antibiotic treatment prescribed after being discharged, and 66% received compression therapy.
CONCLUSIONS
Cellulitis frequently affects older patients, especially smokers, people with overweight and chronic lymphoedema. In all, 66% were treated with compression therapy that did not have a clear effect on their readmission rate, probably because the patients receiving compression therapy had a more severe infection complicated by severe oedema and a higher risk of reinfection. An increased focus on the use of compression therapy in conjunction with health preventive interventions may have a positive impact on the relapse rate.
FUNDING
None.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Not relevant.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Cellulitis; Retrospective Studies; Overweight; Edema; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 38533881
DOI: 10.61409/A08230530 -
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Sep 2021Mirror syndrome (MS) is a rare obstetric disorder complicated with high maternal morbidity and fetal mortality. MS is often misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed due to the low...
BACKGROUND
Mirror syndrome (MS) is a rare obstetric disorder complicated with high maternal morbidity and fetal mortality. MS is often misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed due to the low incidence and lack of awareness of its diverse features. This study aimed to summarise the etiology, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of MS among mothers with fetal hydrops.
METHODS
This retrospective case-control study included 37 pregnant women with fetal hydrops in the second and third trimesters from 58,428 deliveries performed at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University between January 2012 and December 2020. Cases were categorized as MS and non-MS according to the presence or absence of maternal mirroring symptoms. Binary logistic regression was performed for analysis.
RESULTS
Fourteen women developed MS with an overall incidence of 0.024% (14/58,428) and 37.8% (14/37) in the fetal hydrops cases. Among the 11 MS cases with known associated etiologies, seven had alpha thalassemia major. Onset of fetal hydrops was later (27.8 vs. 23.0 weeks) and the rate of placental thickening was higher (85.7% vs. 34.8%) in the MS group than in the non-MS group (P < 0.05). Regarding maternal characteristics, the MS group had higher maternal morbidity (85.7% vs. 8.7%), more weight gain (9.0 vs. 5.5 kg), higher rates of hypertension (35.7 vs. 0%) and proteinuria (64.3% vs. 4.3%), and lower levels of hemoglobin (88 vs. 105 g/L) and serum albumin (25.8 vs. 35.0 g/L) than the non-MS group (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that onset of fetal hydrops at ≥24 weeks and placental thickening were associated with the risk of MS among fetal hydrops cases (OR 15.83, 95% CI 1.56-160.10 and OR 8.63, 95% CI 1.29-57.72, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
MS is relatively common among fetal hydrops cases in the late second and third trimesters, and alpha thalassemia major is the main etiology for fetal hydrops and also MS in this population. Complicated with high maternal morbidity, the key maternal features of MS include more weight gain, hemodilution, and hypertension. Among those with fetal hydrops, the onset time of ≥24 weeks and placental thickening are risk factors for MS.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; China; Edema; Female; Hemodilution; Humans; Hydrops Fetalis; Hypertension; Placenta Diseases; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Syndrome; Weight Gain; alpha-Thalassemia
PubMed: 34583666
DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-04143-3 -
Diagnostic Pathology Feb 2016Massive ovarian oedema is a rare non-neoplastic clinicopathologic entity has a higher incidence in women during their second and third life decade. The oedema can be... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Massive ovarian oedema is a rare non-neoplastic clinicopathologic entity has a higher incidence in women during their second and third life decade. The oedema can be presented in one or both ovaries as a result of partial intermittent torsion of the ovarian pedicle that interferes to the venal and lymphatic drainage of the ovary.
CASE PRESENTATION
We present a clinical case of a 16 year old with massive ovarian oedema and we performed a review of the literature. The pathophysiology of this entity is very complex. We tried to perform a complete review of the literature and focus on the complexity of this entity as far as its pathophysiological backround is concerned and as far as its clinical presentation is concerned.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, massive ovarian oedema is a rare, multi disease mimicking clinical entity, with an acute or progressive clinical presentation. It has also to be a part of our differential diagnosis in cases of acute abdominal pain and we have to try to treat her conservatively, in order to preserve fertility.
Topics: Adolescent; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Edema; Female; Humans; Ovarian Diseases; Predictive Value of Tests; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 26843454
DOI: 10.1186/s13000-016-0469-3 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Oct 2021Bone marrow edema (BME) is defined as an area of low signal intensity on T1-weighted (T1W) MRI images and associated with intermediate or high signal intensity findings... (Review)
Review
Bone marrow edema (BME) is defined as an area of low signal intensity on T1-weighted (T1W) MRI images and associated with intermediate or high signal intensity findings on T2-weighted (T2W) MRI images. BME represents a typical imaging finding that characterizes common stress-related bone injuries of professional and amateur athletes. The etiology of stress-related injuries is influenced by numerous factors, including the initiation of a new sports activity or changes in an existing training protocol. The clinical significance of BME remains unclear. However, a correlation between the imaging pattern of BME, the clinical history of the patient and the type of sports activity practiced is essential for correct diagnosis and adequate therapeutic treatment. It is also important to clarify whether there is a specific threshold beyond which exercise can adversely affect the bone remodeling process, as the clinical picture may degenerate into the presence of BME, pain and, in the most severe cases, bone loss. In our review, we summarize the current knowledge on the etiopathogenesis and treatment options for BME and highlight the main aspects that make it difficult to formulate a correct diagnosis and establish an adequate therapeutic treatment.
Topics: Athletes; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Diseases; Edema; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 34833361
DOI: 10.3390/medicina57111143 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2021Different parts of (bunya pin) trees, such as nuts, seeds, bark, and shoots, are widely used in cooking, tea, and traditional medicines around the world. The shoots...
Different parts of (bunya pin) trees, such as nuts, seeds, bark, and shoots, are widely used in cooking, tea, and traditional medicines around the world. The shoots essential oil (EO) has not yet been studied. Herein, the chemical profile of shoots EO (ABSEO) was created by GC-MS analysis. Additionally, the in vivo oral and topical anti-inflammatory effect against carrageenan-induced models, as well as antipyretic potentiality of ABSEO and its nanoemulsion were evaluated. Forty-three terpenoid components were identified and categorized as mono- (42.94%), sesqui- (31.66%), and diterpenes (23.74%). The main compounds of the ABSEO were beyerene (20.81%), α-pinene (16.21%), D-limonene (14.22%), germacrene D (6.69%), β-humulene (4.14%), and sabinene (4.12%). The ABSEO and its nanoemulsion exhibited significant inflammation suppression in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model, in both oral (50 and 100 mg/kg) and topical (5% in soyabean oil) routes, compared to the control and reference drugs groups. All the results demonstrated the significant inflammation reduction via the inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL8), nitrosative (NO), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) supported by the histopathological studies and immunohistochemical assessment of MMP-9 and NF-κβ levels in paw tissues. Moreover, the oral administration of ABSEO and its nanoemulsion (50 and 100 mg/kg) exhibited antipyretic activity in rats, demonstrated by the inhibition of hyperthermia induced by intramuscular injection of brewer's yeast. These findings advised that the use of ABSEO and its nanoemulsion against numerous inflammatory and hyperthermia ailments that could be attributed to its active constituents.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antipyretics; Araucaria; Carrageenan; Edema; Emulsions; Fever; Inflammation; Male; Oils, Volatile; Pain; Plant Extracts; Plant Shoots; Rats; Rats, Wistar
PubMed: 34641376
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195833 -
BMJ Case Reports Feb 2020A 35-year-old woman presented with a progressively increasing swelling over the left side of the upper part of the neck for the past 8 months with no associated pain...
A 35-year-old woman presented with a progressively increasing swelling over the left side of the upper part of the neck for the past 8 months with no associated pain over the swelling. On examination, a non-tender, firm, well-defined, oval swelling of size 3×2 cm was palpable in the left submandibular region that was mobile, non-pulsatile and free from the overlying skin and the underlying muscle. Ultrasonography revealed a bilobed heteroechoic lesion in the left submandibular region with internal vascularity and multiple macrocalcification within it. During the procedure for surgically excising the swelling, we found that it was separate from the gland and vascular structures, had a sinus tracking over and around the left submandibular gland extending beyond the angle of mandible up to the root of a decayed left lower second molar tooth.
Topics: Adult; Dental Caries; Diagnosis, Differential; Edema; Female; Humans; Mandibular Diseases; Tooth Extraction
PubMed: 32047083
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-232681 -
BioMed Research International 2022Habb-e-Suranjan (HES), an Unani formulation, has been studied for its anti-inflammatory properties in both and experiments. HES is recommended for arthritis, gout, and...
Habb-e-Suranjan (HES), an Unani formulation, has been studied for its anti-inflammatory properties in both and experiments. HES is recommended for arthritis, gout, and joint pain. The current endeavor is an attempt to put it to the test and verify its efficacy scientifically. It was tested for DPPH, hydroxyl, and nitric oxide scavenging activities. It was shown that HES had the greatest TAC and FRAC values when compared to catechin and ascorbic acid. HES exhibited DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity that was dose-dependent. Incubation of sodium nitroprusside solutions in PBS at 25°C for 150 min resulted in the production of nitric oxide. Nitric oxide production was effectively decreased by HES. Anti-inflammatory medications boosted the migration of PMN cells toward the chemoattractant FMLP in an agarose experiment of PMN chemotaxis. In carrageenan-induced rat paw edema, in the HES-treated group, paw thickness was 3.021 ± 0.084 at = 0, but it showed an increase in paw inflammation after one hour, i.e., 3.195 ± 0.082 cm which again showed a decrease in paw thickness up to 4th hour, i.e., 3.018 ± 0.078, 2.98 ± 0.032, and 2.684 ± 0.061 at = 2, 3, and 4, respectively. It showed again getting back to the normal thickness of paw at = 24 hrs, i.e., 3.029 ± 0.118 cm. It is concluded that the formulation is potent enough and can be used effectively for the treatment of inflammation and associated health issues. Moreover, there is much scope to evaluate its effectiveness using different and models.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Carrageenan; Edema; Inflammation; Nitric Oxide; Plant Extracts; Rats
PubMed: 35941980
DOI: 10.1155/2022/1640193