-
Australian Journal of General Practice 2022
Topics: Edema; Eye Diseases; Humans
PubMed: 35098273
DOI: 10.31128/AJGP-12-20-5760 -
Journal of Neural Transmission (Vienna,... Mar 2024Edema as an adverse drug reaction is a commonly underestimated yet potentially debilitating condition. This study analyzes the incidence of severe psychotropic...
Edema as an adverse drug reaction is a commonly underestimated yet potentially debilitating condition. This study analyzes the incidence of severe psychotropic drug-induced edema (e.g., edema affecting the face, legs, or multiple body parts and lasting for more than 1 week, or in any case necessitating subsequent diuretic use) among psychiatric inpatients. The cases under examination are derived from an observational pharmacovigilance program conducted in German-speaking countries ("Arzneimittelsicherheit in der Psychiatrie", AMSP) from 1993 to 2016. Among the 462,661 inpatients monitored, severe edema was reported in 231 cases, resulting in an incidence of 0.05%. Edema occurred more frequently in women (80% of all cases) and older patients (mean age 51.8 years). Pregabalin had the highest incidence of severe edema, affecting 1.46‰ of patients treated with pregabalin, followed by mirtazapine (0.8‰). The majority of edema cases showed a positive response to appropriate countermeasures, such as dose reduction and drug discontinuation, and resolved by the end of the observation period. While most instances of drug-induced edema are reversible, they can have a significant impact on patient well-being and potentially result in decreased treatment adherence. It is, therefore, crucial to remain vigilant regarding risk-increasing circumstances during treatment with psychotropic drugs.
Topics: Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Edema; Pregabalin; Psychotropic Drugs; Pharmacovigilance
PubMed: 38353811
DOI: 10.1007/s00702-024-02738-6 -
Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and... Jul 2021Receptor-interacting protein kinase-1 (RIPK1) is a master regulator of cell death and inflammation, and mediates programmed necrosis (necroptosis) via mixed-lineage...
Receptor-interacting protein kinase-1 (RIPK1) is a master regulator of cell death and inflammation, and mediates programmed necrosis (necroptosis) via mixed-lineage kinase like (MLKL) protein. Prior studies in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) implicated RIPK1 in the pathogenesis of neuronal death and cognitive outcome, but the relevant cell types involved and potential role of necroptosis remain unexplored. In mice subjected to autologous blood ICH, early RIPK1 activation was observed in neurons, endothelium and pericytes, but not in astrocytes. MLKL activation was detected in astrocytes and neurons but not endothelium or pericytes. Compared with WT controls, RIPK1 kinase-dead () mice had reduced brain edema (24 h) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability (24 h, 30 d), and improved postinjury rotarod performance. Mice deficient in MLKL () had reduced neuronal death (24 h) and BBB permeability at 24 h but not 30d, and improved post-injury rotarod performance vs. WT. The data support a central role for RIPK1 in the pathogenesis of ICH, including cell death, edema, BBB permeability, and motor deficits. These effects may be mediated in part through the activation of MLKL-dependent necroptosis in neurons. The data support development of RIPK1 kinase inhibitors as therapeutic agents for human ICH.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Blood-Brain Barrier; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Edema; Inflammation; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Necrosis; Neurons; Protein Kinases; Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
PubMed: 33210566
DOI: 10.1177/0271678X20973609 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2022is a xerophytic species widely used in Mexico as an ingredient in sweet food and fermented beverages; it is also used in traditional medicine to treat wound pain and...
is a xerophytic species widely used in Mexico as an ingredient in sweet food and fermented beverages; it is also used in traditional medicine to treat wound pain and rheumatic damage, and as a remedy for psoriasis. Among the various extracts and extract fractions that have been evaluated for their anti-inflammatory effects, the acetonic extract (AaAc) and its acetonic (F-Ac) and methanolic (F-MeOH) fractions were the most active in a xylene-induced ear edema model in mice, when orally administered. Four fractions resulting from chemically resolving F-Ac (F1-F4) were locally applied to mice with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA)-induced ear inflammation; F1 inhibited inflammation by 70% and was further evaluated in a carrageenan-induced mono-arthritis model. When administered at doses of 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg, F1 reduced articular edema and the spleen index. In addition, it modulated spleen and joint cytokine levels and decreased pain. According to a GC-MS analysis, the main components of F1 are fatty-acid derivatives: palmitic acid methyl ester, palmitic acid ethyl ester, octadecenoic acid methyl ester, linoleic acid ethyl ester, and oleic acid ethyl ester.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Agave; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Plant Extracts; Fatty Acids; Edema; Carrageenan; Pain; Esters; Phytotherapy
PubMed: 36364031
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217204 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2022is a plant empirically used to treat gastrointestinal and inflammatory diseases, its essential oil (EOTP) was obtained from the aerial parts, and the composition was...
is a plant empirically used to treat gastrointestinal and inflammatory diseases, its essential oil (EOTP) was obtained from the aerial parts, and the composition was elucidated by GC-MS. The in vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory activities and the antinociceptive activity of EOTP and (1)-(-)-verbenone (VERB) were assessed. The major compounds identified for EOTP were verbenone (33.39%), dihydrotagetone (26.88%), and tagetone (20.8%). EOTP and VERB diminished the ear oedema induced with TPA by 93.77 % and 81.13 %, respectively. EOTP and VERB decreased inflammation in a 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) chronic model with ED = 54.95 mg/kg and 45.24 mg/kg, respectively. EOTP (15 µg/mL) inhibited the in vitro production of the pro-inflammatory mediators NO (67.02%), TNF-α (69.21%), and IL-6 (58.44%) in LPS-stimulated macrophages. In the acetic induced writhing test, EOTP and VERB showed antinociceptive effects with ED = 84.93 mg/kg and ED = 45.24 mg/kg, respectively. In phase 1 of the formalin test, EOTP and VERB showed no antinociceptive effects, whereas in phase 2, EOTP (ED = 35.45 mg/kg) and VERB (ED = 24.84 mg/kg) showed antinociceptive effects. The antinociceptive actions of ETOP and VERB were blocked with the co-administration of L-NAME. This study suggests that EOTP and VERB might be used in the treatment of pain and inflammatory problems.
Topics: Analgesics; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Asteraceae; Bicyclic Monoterpenes; Edema; Oils, Volatile; Plant Extracts; Tagetes
PubMed: 35565963
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092612 -
Vascular Medicine (London, England) Feb 2024National survey data exploring the patient experience with lipedema are lacking.
BACKGROUND
National survey data exploring the patient experience with lipedema are lacking.
METHODS
We conducted national surveys from 2016 to 2022 of women with lipedema as well as female controls. Surveys collected information on symptomatology, pain, and therapies. We performed logistic regression comparing symptoms among those with lipedema versus controls adjusting for age and BMI.
RESULTS
A total of 707 women with lipedema and 216 controls completed the surveys. Those with lipedema had a mean age of 48.6 years and mean BMI of 40.9 kg/m. Lipedema symptom onset occurred frequently at puberty (48.0%) or pregnancy (41.2%). Compared to controls, women with lipedema were more likely to report leg swelling in heat (odds ratio [OR], 66.82; 95% CI, 33.04-135.12; < 0.0001), easy bruising (OR, 26.23; 95% CI, 15.58-44.17; < 0.0001), altered gait (OR, 15.54; 95% CI, 7.58-31.96; < 0.0001), flu-like symptoms (OR, 12.99; 95% CI, 4.27-39.49; < 0.0001), joint hypermobility (OR, 12.88; 95% CI, 6.68-24.81; < 0.0001), cool skin (OR, 12.21; 95% CI, 5.20-28.69; < 0.0001), varicose veins (OR, 11.29; 95% CI, 6.71-18.99; < 0.0001), and fatigue (OR, 9.59; 95% CI, 6.10-15.09; < 0.0001). Additionally, 70.3% had upper arm involvement, 21.2% reported foot swelling, and 16.6% reported foot pain. Most (52.2%) reported no symptom improvement with diet or exercise. Common therapies used included compression therapy (45.0%), gastric bypass (15.7%), and lower-extremity liposuction (14.0%).
CONCLUSION
In a large, national, symptom survey, women with lipedema reported excess pain, swelling, and fat in the legs along with numerous symptoms beyond those classically described. Symptom responses to common therapies remain understudied.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; United States; Middle Aged; Lipedema; Edema; Pain; Phenotype; Leg
PubMed: 37844030
DOI: 10.1177/1358863X231202769 -
Clinical Science (London, England :... Dec 2018Hypertonic Na accumulation in peripheral tissues is a recently described phenomenon: it has been associated with ageing, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease... (Review)
Review
Hypertonic Na accumulation in peripheral tissues is a recently described phenomenon: it has been associated with ageing, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease and heart failure, but its clinical meaning has yet to be determined. This concept conflicts with the classic physiological paradigm of constant balance between salt intake and excretion, and its water-independent nature is still a matter of debate.We developed a theoretical model explaining changes in the chemical composition of tissues as a function of extracellular volume fraction and excess extracellular fluid, i.e. oedema. The model suggests that the proportional increase in absolute Na content and concentration due to different degrees of oedema is higher than the parallel increase in water content, thus making Na a more sensitive index to detect this oedema.Our model would explain some of the recent findings of high tissue Na content in pathological conditions. More importantly, it prompts the reappraisal of tissue Na analysis from being a topic of niche interest to a potential diagnostic tool with broad applicability in the investigation of subclinical systemic and localized oedema.
Topics: Animals; Asymptomatic Diseases; Biomarkers; Body Water; Edema; Fluid Shifts; Humans; Models, Biological; Severity of Illness Index; Sodium
PubMed: 30545897
DOI: 10.1042/CS20180575 -
Il Giornale Di Chirurgia 2015Hair tourniquet syndrome is a rare condition. It is an important emergency condition where urgent attention is needed. In this condition, body appendages are...
Hair tourniquet syndrome is a rare condition. It is an important emergency condition where urgent attention is needed. In this condition, body appendages are strangulated by hair that acts like a tourniquet. A strand or strands of hair act like a circumferential constriction band and subsequently strangulate the body appendages. Commonly affected sites include fingers, toes or even genitals. Failure to identify and release the acute constriction may result in amputation of affected body part. We report two cases of hair tourniquet syndrome of the thumb and toe that were successfully released without complications.
Topics: Amputation, Traumatic; Constriction, Pathologic; Diagnosis, Differential; Edema; Female; Hair; Humans; Infant; Ischemia; Male; Rare Diseases; Syndrome; Thumb; Toes; Tourniquets; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 26712259
DOI: 10.11138/gchir/2015.36.5.219 -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Oct 2020
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Edema; Face; Female; Hemorrhage; Humans; Infant
PubMed: 33106303
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.200418 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Mar 2020Periplaneta americana is a common traditional Chinese medicinal material which has been used to treat arthritis, fever, aches, pains, and inflammation of the extremities...
Periplaneta americana is a common traditional Chinese medicinal material which has been used to treat arthritis, fever, aches, pains, and inflammation of the extremities for several hundred years. However, little scientific data exists in literature to support its use. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of Periplaneta americana extract (PAE) and explore its underlying mechanism. The antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities were evaluated by LPS-induced fever, carrageenan-induced paw edema, abdominal writhing, hot plate and formalin tests, respectively. The mechanism of action was explored by antioxidant activity analysis, inflammatory cytokines expression and febrile mediator measurement, and pathway activation analysis. The results from UHPLC-HRMS indicated that the extract was found to contain dopamine, coumarin, dipeptide, vitamin, organic acid, amino acid and its metabolites, and other organic compounds. PAE showed in a dose-dependent manner antioxidant activity and reduced the protein production and mRNA expression of NO, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in RAW 264.7 cells in vitro. Moreover, PAE significantly and dose-dependently inhibited the writhing responses and licking time in formalin tests, increased response latency in the hot plate test, reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema and inflammation in mice, decreased LPS-induced rT increase in rats. Furthermore, PAE treatment markedly inhibited the increase in the levels of NO, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, PGE and cAMP in plasma of fevered rat, greatly suppressed the activation of inflammatory response pathway and the change of MDA and GSH concentration, MPO and SOD activity as well as FRAP capacity in paw induced by carrageenan injection. In conclusion, the findings suggested that PAE produced potential antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects by reducing production of endogenous inflammatory mediators and blocking the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway which support the claim for its traditional use in the treatment of various diseases.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Antipyretics; Cytokines; Edema; Female; Fever; Inflammation; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Mice; Nociception; Periplaneta; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
PubMed: 31865148
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109753