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Anesthesia Progress 2018Hypertension is an important health challenge that affects millions of people across the world and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It is critical that... (Review)
Review
Hypertension is an important health challenge that affects millions of people across the world and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It is critical that anesthesia providers have a working knowledge of the systemic implications of hypertension. This review article will discuss the medical definitions of hypertension, the physiology of maintaining blood pressure, outpatient treatment of hypertension, anesthetic implications, and the common medications used by anesthesia providers in the treatment of hypertension. Part I will provide an overview of hypertension and blood pressure regulation. In addition, drugs affecting predominantly renal control of hypertension, such as diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and renin-inhibiting agents, will be discussed. In part II, the remaining major antihypertensive medications will be reviewed as well as anesthetic implications of managing patients with hypertension.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Drug Interactions; Humans; Hypertension; Patient Safety; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Surgical Procedures, Operative
PubMed: 29952638
DOI: 10.2344/anpr-65-02-12 -
British Journal of Anaesthesia Mar 2018
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Brain; Consciousness; Humans
PubMed: 29452795
DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2017.11.068 -
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology... 2023
Topics: Humans; Anesthesia; Anesthesiology
PubMed: 37062412
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjane.2023.04.001 -
Anesthesiology Apr 2017
Topics: Anesthetics; Humans; Neuroprotection
PubMed: 28182586
DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001535 -
Anesthesia Progress 2018Hypertension is an important health challenge that affects millions of people across the world today and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It is... (Review)
Review
Hypertension is an important health challenge that affects millions of people across the world today and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It is critical that anesthesia providers have a working knowledge of the systemic implications of hypertension. This review article will discuss the medical definitions of hypertension, the physiology of maintaining blood pressure, outpatient treatment of hypertension, anesthetic implications, and the common medications used by anesthesia providers in the treatment of hypertension. Part I provided an overview of hypertension and blood pressure regulation. In addition, drugs predominantly affecting control of hypertension via renal mechanisms such as diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and renin-inhibiting agents were discussed. In part II, the remaining major antihypertensive medications will be reviewed as well as anesthetic implications of managing patients with hypertension.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Drug Interactions; Humans; Hypertension; Patient Safety; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Surgical Procedures, Operative
PubMed: 30235430
DOI: 10.2344/anpr-65-03-17 -
Anesthesiology Nov 2023Measuring and comparing clinical productivity of individual anesthesiologists is confounded by anesthesiologist-independent factors, including facility-specific factors... (Review)
Review
Measuring and comparing clinical productivity of individual anesthesiologists is confounded by anesthesiologist-independent factors, including facility-specific factors (case duration, anesthetizing site utilization, type of surgical procedure, and non-operating room locations), staffing ratio, number of calls, and percentage of clinical time providing anesthesia. Further, because anesthesia care is billed with different units than relative value units, comparing work with other types of clinical care is difficult. Finally, anesthesia staffing needs are not based on productivity measurements but primarily the number and hours of operation of anesthetizing sites. The intent of this review is to help anesthesiologists, anesthesiology leaders, and facility leaders understand the limitations of anesthesia unit productivity as a comparative metric of work, how this metric often devalues actual work, and the impact of organizational differences, staffing models and coverage requirements, and effectiveness of surgical case load management on both individual and group productivity.
Topics: Humans; Anesthesiologists; Efficiency; Anesthesiology; Anesthesia; Operating Rooms
PubMed: 37815474
DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000004722 -
Survey of Ophthalmology 2023One of the most common untoward occurrences during strabismus surgery at all ages is the oculocardiac reflex. Although typically easily treated, the sudden bradycardia... (Review)
Review
One of the most common untoward occurrences during strabismus surgery at all ages is the oculocardiac reflex. Although typically easily treated, the sudden bradycardia or cardiac arrest may add a few gray hairs to ophthalmologists and anesthesiologists alike as it can be potentially fatal. This updated review of the literature and novel detailed treatment algorithm may prevent patient morbidity and mortality through proper recognition of at-risk patients and rapid treatment through proper communication between surgical and anesthesia physicians/providers.
Topics: Child; Humans; Adult; Reflex, Oculocardiac; Bradycardia; Anesthetics; Strabismus
PubMed: 37116545
DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2023.04.004 -
Anesthesiology Mar 2018
Topics: Anesthesia, Dental; Anesthesiology; Anesthetics; Cohort Studies; Hip Fractures; Humans
PubMed: 29324481
DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000002074 -
The Journal of International Medical... Aug 2019Post-operative recurrence and metastasis of malignant tumors are difficult to control, which probably results from multiple factors that affect the prognosis and the... (Review)
Review
Post-operative recurrence and metastasis of malignant tumors are difficult to control, which probably results from multiple factors that affect the prognosis and the undefined mechanism. Anesthesia may be an influential factor. Researchers have performed many meaningful studies on the relationship between anesthetic drugs/methods and tumor growth/immune function, which provide important references for the anesthetic selection and peri-operative management of tumor patients. Anesthetics, analgesics, and sedatives should be used with caution because their effects in post-operative patients remain controversial. This review summarizes the emerging progress on the effect of anesthesia on post-operative tumor recurrence and metastasis, particularly focusing on the effects of anesthetic drugs, anesthetic methods, and post-operative analgesia on tumor growth and metastasis. Future studies should provide strict criteria for the proper use of anesthetics in patients with malignant tumors and provide experimental evidence for the improvement and development of novel anesthetics and anesthetic methods that have the important clinical significance.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Humans; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasms; Postoperative Complications; Surgical Oncology
PubMed: 31296069
DOI: 10.1177/0300060519861455 -
Singapore Medical Journal Mar 2016The acutely obstructed airway is a medical emergency that can potentially result in serious morbidity and mortality. Apart from the latest advancements in anaesthetic... (Review)
Review
The acutely obstructed airway is a medical emergency that can potentially result in serious morbidity and mortality. Apart from the latest advancements in anaesthetic techniques, equipment and drugs, publications relevant to our topic, including the United Kingdom's 4th National Audit Project on major airway complications in 2011 and the updated American Society of Anesthesiologists' difficult airway algorithm of 2013, have recently been published. The former contained many reports of adverse events associated with the management of acute airway obstruction. By analysing the data and concepts from these two publications, this review article provides an update on management techniques for the acutely obstructed airway. We discuss the principles and factors relevant to the decision-making process in formulating a logical management plan.
Topics: Acute Disease; Airway Management; Airway Obstruction; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Humans
PubMed: 26996162
DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2016050