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International Journal of Molecular... Dec 2023Nanometals constitute a rapidly growing area of research within nanotechnology. Nanosilver and nanogold exhibit significant antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral,...
The Preparation of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles in Hyaluronic Acid and the Influence of Low-Pressure Plasma Treatment on Their Physicochemical and Microbiological Properties.
Nanometals constitute a rapidly growing area of research within nanotechnology. Nanosilver and nanogold exhibit significant antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and anticancer properties. The size and shape of nanoparticles are critical for determining their antimicrobial activity. In this study, silver and gold nanoparticles were synthesized within a hyaluronic acid matrix utilizing distilled water and distilled water treated with low-pressure, low-temperature glow plasma in an environment of air and argon. Electron microscopy, UV-Vis and FTIR spectra, water, and mechanical measurements were conducted to investigate the properties of nanometallic composites. This study also examined their microbiological properties. This study demonstrated that the properties of the composites differed depending on the preparation conditions, encompassing physicochemical and microbiological properties. The application of plasma-treated water under both air and argon had a significant effect on the size and distribution of nanometals. Silver nanoparticles were obtained between the range of 5 to 25 nm, while gold nanoparticles varied between 10 to 35 nm. The results indicate that the conditions under which silver and gold nanoparticles are produced have a significant effect on their mechanical and antibacterial properties.
Topics: Silver; Gold; Hyaluronic Acid; Metal Nanoparticles; Argon; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Water
PubMed: 38139120
DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417285 -
World Journal of Clinical Cases Jan 2021With the development of endoscopic therapy, argon plasma coagulation (APC) has been widely used by endoscopists. It has many advantages, such as simple to operate, low... (Review)
Review
With the development of endoscopic therapy, argon plasma coagulation (APC) has been widely used by endoscopists. It has many advantages, such as simple to operate, low cost, and minimal invasiveness. Because of its capability of lesion ablation and hemostasis, APC has several indications in the gastrointestinal tract. One of them is esophageal varices. The aim of this review is to summarize the research on APC in this field to provide a reference for clinical practice.
PubMed: 33553390
DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i3.521 -
Critical Care Medicine Jul 2016
Topics: Argon; Humans; Noble Gases; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
PubMed: 27309177
DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000001680 -
Bioengineered Dec 2021The objective of this study was to explore the effect of argon preconditioning on myocardial ischemia reperfusion (MI/R) injury and its mechanism. Cardiomyocytes H2C9...
The objective of this study was to explore the effect of argon preconditioning on myocardial ischemia reperfusion (MI/R) injury and its mechanism. Cardiomyocytes H2C9 were pre-treated with 50% argon, and a cell model of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) was established. CCK-8 and cytotoxicity detection kits were used to detect cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. The miR-21 expression was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression of programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4) and homologous phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) proteins. The levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8) and oxidative stress factors (reactive oxygen species ROS], malondialdehyde [MDA], and superoxide dismutase [SOD]) were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The effect of argon on cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry. Argon increased the proliferation of cardiomyocytes induced by OGD, decreased the release of LDH in cell culture medium, increased miR-21 expression in cells, decreased the expression of miR-21 target proteins PDCD4 and PTEN, decreased the levels of inflammatory factors (interleukin-1β [IL-1β], interleukin-6 [IL-6], and interleukin-8 [IL-8]) and oxidative stress factors (ROS and MDA), increased the SOD content, and decreased the cell apoptosis rate. Our results suggest that argon preconditioning inhibited the PDCD4/PTEN pathway via miR-21, thereby inhibiting ROS oxidative stress and preventing MI/R injury.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Argon; Cell Line; MicroRNAs; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Oxidative Stress; PTEN Phosphohydrolase; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 34506261
DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1965696 -
British Journal of Anaesthesia Jan 2021
Topics: Animals; Argon; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Mice; Xenon
PubMed: 33097180
DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.09.028 -
Advances in Therapy Jun 2022A novel, once-daily (o.d.), fixed-dose combination (FDC) of indacaterol acetate (IND), glycopyrronium bromide (GLY), and mometasone furoate (MF), delivered by the... (Review)
Review
A Review of the Unique Drug Development Strategy of Indacaterol Acetate/Glycopyrronium Bromide/Mometasone Furoate: A First-in-Class, Once-Daily, Single-Inhaler, Fixed-Dose Combination Treatment for Asthma.
A novel, once-daily (o.d.), fixed-dose combination (FDC) of indacaterol acetate (IND), glycopyrronium bromide (GLY), and mometasone furoate (MF), delivered by the inhaler Breezhaler device, is the first long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist/long-acting muscarinic antagonist/inhaled corticosteroid (LABA/LAMA/ICS) therapy to be approved for maintenance treatment of asthma in adults inadequately controlled on LABA/ICS. The approval of IND/GLY/MF in the European Union (EU) also included an optional electronic sensor and smartphone (or other suitable device) application, making it the first "digital companion" that can be prescribed with an asthma medication. As a result, the European Medicines Agency included this approval as one of the "outstanding contributions to public health" (for Pneumology/Allergology) in their 2020 highlights report. Alongside IND/GLY/MF, an o.d. LABA/ICS FDC, IND/MF, was also developed and approved. This review outlines the unique strategy used in the accelerated development of IND/GLY/MF that combined various approaches: (1) selecting individual components with established efficacy/safety, (2) bridging doses to optimize efficacy/safety of IND/GLY/MF and IND/MF delivered via the Breezhaler device, (3) developing IND/GLY/MF and IND/MF in parallel, and (4) submission for regulatory approval before formal completion of the pivotal phase III studies. IND/GLY/MF and IND/MF were combined in a single-development plan (PLATINUM program), which comprised four phase III studies: QUARTZ and PALLADIUM evaluated IND/MF while IRIDIUM and ARGON evaluated IND/GLY/MF. A unique feature was the inclusion of two LABA/ICS comparators in the pivotal IRIDIUM study-IND/MF as an internal comparator, and high-dose salmeterol xinafoate/fluticasone propionate (SAL/FLU) as a marketed comparator. In the ARGON study, IND/GLY/MF was compared against o.d. tiotropium (via Respimat) plus twice-daily (b.i.d.) high-dose SAL/FLU (via Diskus). As a result of this development strategy, the development and approval of IND/GLY/MF was accelerated by ca. 4 years as against what would be expected from a traditional approach, novel data were generated, and a unique optional digital companion was approved in the EU. A Video Abstract by Dr Dominic Brittain, Global Drug Development, Novartis. (MP4 228293 kb).
Topics: Acetates; Administration, Inhalation; Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Argon; Asthma; Bronchodilator Agents; Drug Combinations; Drug Development; Glycopyrrolate; Humans; Indans; Iridium; Mometasone Furoate; Nebulizers and Vaporizers; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Quinolones
PubMed: 35072888
DOI: 10.1007/s12325-021-02025-w -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Aug 2016Pelvic radiation is a commonly utilized treatment for malignancy of the genitourinary and lower gastrointestinal tract. Radiation proctitis and the resultant clinical... (Review)
Review
Pelvic radiation is a commonly utilized treatment for malignancy of the genitourinary and lower gastrointestinal tract. Radiation proctitis and the resultant clinical picture varies from asymptomatic to potentially life threatening. Similarly, treatment options also vary greatly, from medical therapy to surgical intervention. Commonly utilized medical therapy includes sucralfate enemas, antibiotics, 5-aminosalicylic acid derivatives, probiotics, antioxidants, short-chain fatty acids, formalin instillation and fractionated hyperbaric oxygen. More invasive treatments include endoscopic-based, focally ablative interventions such as dilation, heater and bipolar cautery, neodymium/yttrium aluminum garnet argon laser, radiofrequency ablation or argon plasma coagulation. Despite its relatively common frequency, there is a dearth of existing literature reporting head-to-head comparisons of the various treatment options via a randomized controlled approach. The purpose of our review was to present the reader a consolidation of the existing evidence-based literature with the goal of highlighting the comparative effectiveness and risks of the various treatment approaches. Finally, we outline a pragmatic approach to the treatment of radiation proctitis. In light of the lack of randomized data, our goal is to pursue as least invasive an approach as possible, with escalation of care tailored to the severity of the patient's symptoms. For those cases that are clinically asymptomatic or only mildly symptomatic, observation or medical management can be considered. Once a patient fails such management or symptoms become more severe, invasive procedures such as endoscopically based focal ablation or surgical intervention can be considered. Although not all recommendations are supported by level I evidence, reported case series and single-institutional studies in the literature suggest that successful treatment with cessation of symptoms can be obtained in the majority of cases.
Topics: Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Hyperbaric Oxygenation; Metronidazole; Probiotics; Proctitis; Radiation Injuries; Sucralfate
PubMed: 27610010
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i31.6972 -
Revista Espanola de Enfermedades... Nov 2019hemorrhagic radiation proctitis appears secondary to radiotherapy. Argon plasma is an effective, safe and easy-to-use technique with a relatively low cost. (Observational Study)
Observational Study
INTRODUCTION
hemorrhagic radiation proctitis appears secondary to radiotherapy. Argon plasma is an effective, safe and easy-to-use technique with a relatively low cost.
OBJECTIVES
to describe the short- and long-term response to argon plasma therapy in patients with hemorrhagic radiation proctitis.
METHOD
an observational prospective study was performed of a series of 82 patients with hemorrhagic radiation proctitis, attended at the National Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery between 2010 and 2016. Summary measurements and a comparison of means (paired Student's t-test) for the final and initial hemoglobin levels were used. In addition, the Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine the rectal bleeding recurrence free time.
RESULTS
in the present study, 54.9% of cases required 1-3 argon sessions and 86.6% required 1-5 sessions to resolve the bleeding, with a median of 3.0 sessions. In addition, 4.9% of patients had proctalgia as a complication. There was an improvement in hemoglobin of 2 g/dl. Rectal bleeding recurrence occurred in 8.5% of the patients during the nine months after therapy. Bleeding recurrence free time at three, six and nine months was 98.8%, 96.3% and 91.5%, respectively. Short-term therapy response was observed in all patients and long-term response after one year of follow-up was 91.5%.
CONCLUSION
argon plasma coagulation shows a good short- and long-term response with few therapy sessions and a low rate of complications in patients with chronic hemorrhagic radiation proctitis.
Topics: Aged; Argon; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Plasma Gases; Proctitis; Prospective Studies; Radiation Injuries; Radiotherapy; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31595754
DOI: 10.17235/reed.2019.5998/2018 -
Chemical Science Aug 2022The branching of ionic liquid cation sidechains utilizing silicon as the backbone was explored and it was found that this structural feature leads to fluids with...
The branching of ionic liquid cation sidechains utilizing silicon as the backbone was explored and it was found that this structural feature leads to fluids with remarkably low density and viscosity. The relatively low liquid densities suggest a large free volume in these liquids. Argon solubility was measured using a precise saturation method to probe the relative free volumes. Argon molar solubilities were slightly higher in ionic liquids with alkylsilane and siloxane groups within the cation, compared to carbon-based branched groups. The anion size, however, showed by far the dominant effect on argon solubility. Thermodynamic solvation parameters were derived from the solubility data and the argon solvation environment was modelled utilizing the polarizable CL&Pol force field. Semiquantitative analysis was in agreement with trends established from the experimental data. The results of this investigation demonstrate design principles for targeted ionic liquids when optimisation for the free volume is required, and demonstrate the utility of argon as a simple, noninteracting probe. As more ionic liquids find their way into industrial processes of scale, these findings are important for their utilisation in the capture of any gaseous solute, gas separation, or in processes involving the transformation of gases or small molecules.
PubMed: 36091212
DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01696f -
Biology Jan 2022Argon has shown neuroprotective effects after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and cerebral ischemia in vitro and in focal cerebral ischemia in vivo. The purpose of this...
Argon has shown neuroprotective effects after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and cerebral ischemia in vitro and in focal cerebral ischemia in vivo. The purpose of this study is to show whether argon beneficially impacts brain contusion volume (BCV) as the primary outcome parameter, as well as secondary outcome parameters, such as brain edema, intracranial pressure (ICP), neurological outcome, and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in an in-vivo model. Subjects were randomly assigned to either argon treatment or room air. After applying controlled cortical impact (CCI) onto the dura with 8 m/s (displacement 1 mm, impact duration 150 ms), treatment was administered by a recovery chamber with 25%, 50%, or 75% argon and the rest being oxygen for 4 h after trauma. Two control groups received room air for 15 min and 24 h, respectively. Neurological testing and ICP measurements were performed 24 h after trauma, and brains were removed to measure secondary brain damage. The primary outcome parameter, BCV, and the secondary outcome parameter, brain edema, were not significantly reduced by argon treatment at any concentration. There was a highly significant decrease in ICP at 50% argon ( = 0.001), and significant neurological improvement (beamwalk missteps) at 25% and 50% argon ( = 0.01; = 0.049 respectively) compared to control.
PubMed: 35205025
DOI: 10.3390/biology11020158