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Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery Mar 2022The benefits of preoperative perforator imaging for microsurgical reconstruction have been well established in the literature. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The benefits of preoperative perforator imaging for microsurgical reconstruction have been well established in the literature.
METHODS
An extensive literature review was performed to determine the most commonly used modalities, and their applicability, advantages and disadvantages.
RESULTS
The review demonstrated varioius findings including decreases in operative time and cost with the use of CT angiography to identification of perforators for inclusion in flap design with hand-held Doppler ultrasound. Modalities like MR angiography offer alternatives for patients with contrast allergies or renal dysfunction while maintaining a high level of clarity and fidelity. Although the use of conventional angiography has decreased due to the availability of less invasive alternatives, it continues to serve a role in the preoperative evaluation of patients for lower extremity reconstruction. Duplex ultrasonography has been of great interest recently as an inexpensive, risk free, and extraordinarily accurate diagnostic tool. Emerging technologies such as indocyanine green fluorescence angiography and dynamic infrared thermography provide real-time information about tissue vascularity and perfusion without requiring radiation exposure.
CONCLUSION
This article presents an in-depth review of the various imaging modalities available to reconstructive surgeons and includes hand held Doppler ultrasound, CT angiography, MR angiography, conventional angiography, duplex ultrasonography, Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography and Dynamic Infrared Thermography.
Topics: Angiography; Computed Tomography Angiography; Humans; Perforator Flap; Preoperative Care; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Surgical Flaps
PubMed: 34688218
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1736316 -
Clinical & Experimental Optometry May 2019Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) is an emerging technology that allows for the non-invasive imaging of the ocular microvasculature. Despite the wealth of... (Review)
Review
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) is an emerging technology that allows for the non-invasive imaging of the ocular microvasculature. Despite the wealth of observations and numerous research studies illustrating the potential clinical uses of OCT-A, this technique is currently rarely used in routine clinical settings. In this review, technical and clinical aspects of OCT-A imaging are discussed, and the future clinical potential of OCT-A is considered. An understanding of the basic principles and limitations of OCT-A technology will better inform clinicians of its future potential in the diagnosis and management of ocular diseases.
Topics: Angiography; Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; Eye; Forecasting; Humans; Microvessels; Tomography, Optical Coherence
PubMed: 30537233
DOI: 10.1111/cxo.12854 -
Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2022
Topics: Magnetic Resonance Angiography; Contrast Media; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 36261357
DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2022-2085 -
Journal of Glaucoma Jun 2022Face mask wearing has no significant effects on artifacts or vessel density measurements in optic nerve head (ONH) and macular optical coherence tomography-angiography...
PRCIS
Face mask wearing has no significant effects on artifacts or vessel density measurements in optic nerve head (ONH) and macular optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCT-A) scans.
PURPOSE
The aim was to assess the difference in area of artifacts observed in optical OCT-A scans with and without face mask wear and to verify if mask wear interferes with OCT-A vessel density measurements.
SUBJECTS AND CONTROLS
A total of 64 eyes of 10 healthy subjects, 4 ocular hypertensive, 8 glaucoma suspects, and 17 glaucoma patients were included.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
High-density ONH and macula OCT-A scans were obtained in patients with and without surgical masks. Seven different artifacts (motion, decentration, defocus, shadow, segmentation failure, blink, and Z-offset) were quantitatively evaluated by 2 trained graders. The changes in the area (% of scan area) of artifacts, without and with mask wearing, and differences of vessel density were evaluated.
RESULTS
Trends of increasing motion artifact area for the ONH scans [4.23 (-0.52, 8.98) %, P=0.08] and defocus artifact area for the macular scans [1.06 (-0.14, 2.26) %, P=0.08] were found with face mask wear. However, there were no significant differences in the mean % area of any artifacts (P>0.05 for all). Further, the estimated mean difference in vessel density in images acquired without and with masks was not significant for any type of artifact.
CONCLUSION
Face mask wearing had no significant effect on area of artifacts or vessel density measurements. OCT-A vessel density measurements can be acquired reliably with face mask wear during the pandemic.
Topics: Angiography; Artifacts; COVID-19; Fluorescein Angiography; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Masks; Pandemics; Retinal Vessels; Tomography, Optical Coherence
PubMed: 35320142
DOI: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000002019 -
Chinese Medical Journal Jun 2016To discuss the feasibility and clinical value of high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (HRMR VWI) for intracranial arterial stenosis. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To discuss the feasibility and clinical value of high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (HRMR VWI) for intracranial arterial stenosis.
DATE SOURCES
We retrieved information from PubMed database up to December 2015, using various search terms including vessel wall imaging (VWI), high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging, intracranial arterial stenosis, black blood, and intracranial atherosclerosis.
STUDY SELECTION
We reviewed peer-reviewed articles printed in English on imaging technique of VWI and characteristic findings of various intracranial vasculopathies on VWI. We organized this data to explain the value of VWI in clinical application.
RESULTS
VWI with black blood technique could provide high-quality images with submillimeter voxel size, and display both the vessel wall and lumen of intracranial artery simultaneously. Various intracranial vasculopathies (atherosclerotic or nonatherosclerotic) had differentiating features including pattern of wall thickening, enhancement, and vessel remodeling on VWI. This technique could be used for determining causes of stenosis, identification of stroke mechanism, risk-stratifying patients, and directing therapeutic management in clinical practice. In addition, a new morphological classification based on VWI could be established for predicting the efficacy of endovascular therapy.
CONCLUSIONS
This review highlights the value of HRMR VWI for discrimination of different intracranial vasculopathies and directing therapeutic management.
Topics: Carotid Stenosis; Cerebral Angiography; Humans; Intracranial Arteriosclerosis; Magnetic Resonance Angiography
PubMed: 27231176
DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.182826 -
Journal of Neuroinflammation Mar 2023Recent literature on multiple sclerosis (MS) demonstrates the growing implementation of optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCT-A) to discover potential... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Recent literature on multiple sclerosis (MS) demonstrates the growing implementation of optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCT-A) to discover potential qualitative and quantitative changes in the retina and optic nerve. In this review, we analyze OCT-A studies in patients with MS and examine its utility as a surrogate or precursor to changes in central nervous system tissue.
METHODS
PubMed and EMBASE were systematically searched to identify articles that applied OCT-A to evaluate the retinal microvasculature measurements in patients with MS. Quantitative data synthesis was performed on all measurements which were evaluated in at least two unique studies with the same OCT-A devices, software, and study population compared to controls. A fixed-effects or random-effects model was applied for the meta-analysis based on the heterogeneity level.
RESULTS
The study selection process yielded the inclusion of 18 studies with a total of 1552 evaluated eyes in 673 MS-associated optic neuritis (MSON) eyes, 741 MS without optic neuritis (MSNON eyes), and 138 eyes without specification for the presence of optic neuritis (ON) in addition to 1107 healthy control (HC) eyes. Results indicated that MS cases had significantly decreased whole image superficial capillary plexus (SCP) vessel density when compared to healthy control subjects in the analyses conducted on Optovue and Topcon studies (both P < 0.0001). Likewise, the whole image vessel densities of deep capillary plexus (DCP) and radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) were significantly lower in MS cases compared to HC (all P < 0.05). Regarding optic disc area quadrants, MSON eyes had significantly decreased mean RPC vessel density compared to MSNON eyes in all quadrants except for the inferior (all P < 0.05). Results of the analysis of studies that used prototype Axsun machine revealed that MSON and MSNON eyes both had significantly lower ONH flow index compared to HC (both P < 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review and meta-analysis of the studies reporting OCT-A measurements of people with MS confirmed the tendency of MS eyes to exhibit reduced vessel density in the macular and optic disc areas, mainly in SCP, DCP, and RPC vessel densities.
Topics: Humans; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Multiple Sclerosis; Retina; Angiography; Retinal Vessels; Optic Neuritis; Fluorescein Angiography
PubMed: 36973708
DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02763-4 -
Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic... Mar 2022The B3 downwards-shifting malformation was first proposed by Boyden in 1950. Here, we report 14 cases of this malformation in the right lung and the first case of...
OBJECTIVES
The B3 downwards-shifting malformation was first proposed by Boyden in 1950. Here, we report 14 cases of this malformation in the right lung and the first case of segmentectomy for this malformation.
METHODS
All patients with pulmonary lesions underwent three-dimensional computed tomography bronchography and angiography (3D-CTBA) between January 2019 and January 2020, prior to surgery. A consecutive 2356 patients were included, and 14 cases of this malformation were identified; bronchovascular patterns were analysed in each patient.
RESULTS
The incidence of this malformation was 0.6%. It was further divided into 3 types: over downwards-shift, partial downwards-shift and normal downwards-shift. The normal downwards-shift type was the most common (8/14), where B3 shifted downwards completely to merge with B4 + 5. In the partial downwards-shift (5/14), only part of the B3 shifted. In the over downwards-shift type (1/14), both B3 and B1b shifted downwards. A bifurcated right upper lobe (RUL) bronchus (B1 defective) was observed in 3 cases. The incidence of V1a, V1b, V2a, V2b, V2c, V3a, V3b and V3c was 100% (14/14). The incidence rates of A1, A3a and A3b were 100% (14/14). The incidence of A2 rec and A2 asc was 92.9% (13/14) and 71.4% (10/14), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The B3 downwards-shifting malformation or 'Boyden's triad' is a rare anomaly. Anatomical exploration of this malformation is important for surgery.
Topics: Angiography; Bronchi; Bronchography; Humans; Lung; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 34791266
DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivab325 -
Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging Dec 2014Patients need to be examined for intracranial aneurysms if they have had a subarachnoid hemorrhage. The preferred technique in this situation is CT angiography.... (Review)
Review
Patients need to be examined for intracranial aneurysms if they have had a subarachnoid hemorrhage. The preferred technique in this situation is CT angiography. Screening can be done for familial forms or for elastic tissue disorders, for which the first line investigation is magnetic resonance angiography. These non-invasive methods have now taken over from conventional angiography that was reserved for the pretreatment phase. A good technical knowledge of these imaging methods, their artifacts and misleading images enables reliable detection of intracranial aneurysms and for an accurate report to be returned to clinicians.
Topics: Cerebral Angiography; Intracranial Aneurysm; Magnetic Resonance Angiography; Mass Screening; Risk Factors; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 25465118
DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2014.10.005 -
JACC. Cardiovascular Interventions Dec 2016
Topics: Coronary Angiography; Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial
PubMed: 27838266
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2016.10.003 -
Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging Nov 2015Catheter ablation of arrhythmogenic triggers has been validated for the treatment of atrial fibrillation that is refractory to anti-arrhythmic medication. Imaging plays... (Review)
Review
Catheter ablation of arrhythmogenic triggers has been validated for the treatment of atrial fibrillation that is refractory to anti-arrhythmic medication. Imaging plays an important role in guiding the procedure as well as in planning and follow-up. The goal of pre-procedural imaging is to obtain a detailed anatomical description of the pulmonary veins, to eliminate a thrombus of the left atrium and to define the prognostic factors. MDCT angiography effectively and simply meets nearly all of these needs. Thus, a precise description of the left atrium anatomy before the procedure is a key factor to success and left atrium volume is a reliable prognostic factor of recurrence. Radiologists should be aware of early and late complications, sometimes severe such as pulmonary vein stenosis, cardiac tamponade or atrial-esophageal fistula, whose positive diagnosis is based on imaging.
Topics: Angiography; Atrial Fibrillation; Catheter Ablation; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Multidetector Computed Tomography; Postoperative Care; Preoperative Care
PubMed: 26025160
DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2014.12.011