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Circulation Research Jun 2020
Topics: Animals; Atrial Fibrillation; Humans
PubMed: 32762503
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.317516 -
Medical Sciences (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2023Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common pathological arrhythmia, and its complications lead to significant morbidity and mortality. However, patients with AF can... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common pathological arrhythmia, and its complications lead to significant morbidity and mortality. However, patients with AF can often go undetected, especially if they are asymptomatic or have a low burden of paroxysms. Identification of those at high risk of AF development may help refine screening and management strategies.
METHODS
PubMed and Embase databases were systematically searched for studies looking at electrocardiographic predictors of AF from inception to August 2021.
RESULTS
A total of 115 studies were reported which examined a combination of atrial and ventricular parameters that could be electrocardiographic predictors of AF. Atrial predictors include conduction parameters, such as the PR interval, p-wave index and dispersion, and partial interatrial or advanced interatrial block, or morphological parameters, such as p-wave axis, amplitude and terminal force. Ventricular predictors include abnormalities in QRS amplitude, morphology or duration, QT interval duration, r-wave progression and ST segment, i.e., t-wave abnormalities.
CONCLUSIONS
There has been significant interest in electrocardiographic prediction of AF, especially in populations at high risk of atrial AF, such as those with an embolic stroke of undetermined source. This review highlights the breadth of possible predictive parameters, and possible pathological bases for the predictive role of each parameter are proposed.
Topics: Humans; Atrial Fibrillation; Electrocardiography; Heart Atria; Heart Rate; Heart Ventricles
PubMed: 37092499
DOI: 10.3390/medsci11020030 -
Europace : European Pacing,... May 2020
Topics: Aftercare; Anticoagulants; Atrial Fibrillation; Cardiology; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Patient Discharge; Stroke; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 32282897
DOI: 10.1093/europace/euz359 -
JACC. Clinical Electrophysiology May 2021
Topics: Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atrial Fibrillation; Catheter Ablation; Humans; Physicians; Registries
PubMed: 34016389
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2020.11.025 -
Europace : European Pacing,... Feb 2023
Topics: Humans; Atrial Fibrillation; Heart Failure
PubMed: 36576343
DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac255 -
Cardiovascular Journal of AfricaCardiac electronic implantable devices (CIEDs) have the ability to monitor, store and interpret complex arrhythmias, which has generated a new arrhythmic entity: atrial... (Review)
Review
Cardiac electronic implantable devices (CIEDs) have the ability to monitor, store and interpret complex arrhythmias, which has generated a new arrhythmic entity: atrial high-rate episodes (AHRE). AHRE are atrial tachyarrhythmias, detected only by CIEDs. They are widely considered a precursor to atrial fibrillation (AF) but can also be represented by other kinds of supraventricular arrhythmias such as atrial flutter or atrial tachycardia. CIED-detected AHRE are associated with an increased risk of stroke, but the risk is significantly lower than the stroke risk of clinical AF. Moreover, there seems to be no temporal correlation between AHRE and thromboembolic events. Because of the current gaps in evidence, the appropriate management of this arrythmia can be challenging. In this review we take into account the epidemiology behind AHRE, predictive factors, clinical impact and management of this arrhythmia.
Topics: Anticoagulants; Atrial Fibrillation; Defibrillators, Implantable; Heart Atria; Humans; Pacemaker, Artificial; Stroke; Thromboembolism
PubMed: 33496721
DOI: 10.5830/CVJA-2020-052 -
Nature Reviews. Cardiology Feb 2017Sex-specific differences in the epidemiology, pathophysiology, presentation, prognosis, and treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) are increasingly recognized. Women with... (Review)
Review
Sex-specific differences in the epidemiology, pathophysiology, presentation, prognosis, and treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) are increasingly recognized. Women with AF generally experience worse symptoms, poorer quality of life, and have higher risk of stroke and death than men with AF. Effective treatment of the arrhythmia in women is critical to reduce the rate of adverse events. We review the current evidence on sex-specific differences in the utilization and outcomes of treatments for AF, including rate-control and rhythm-control strategies, and stroke-prevention therapy. In addition, we provide a critical evaluation of potential disparities and biases in health-care use that might be associated with differences in the outcomes between women and men. We underscore current knowledge gaps that need to be addressed in future studies to improve the management of AF in women. In particular, we suggest several strategies to produce high-quality evidence from randomized clinical trials for women with AF.
Topics: Atrial Fibrillation; Female; Humans; Patient Care Management; Prognosis; Quality of Life; Sex Factors
PubMed: 27786235
DOI: 10.1038/nrcardio.2016.171 -
BMJ Clinical Evidence Nov 2014Acute atrial fibrillation is rapid, irregular, and chaotic atrial activity of recent onset. Various definitions of acute atrial fibrillation have been used in the... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Acute atrial fibrillation is rapid, irregular, and chaotic atrial activity of recent onset. Various definitions of acute atrial fibrillation have been used in the literature, but for the purposes of this review we have included studies where atrial fibrillation may have occurred up to 7 days previously. Risk factors for acute atrial fibrillation include increasing age, cardiovascular disease, alcohol, diabetes, and lung disease. Acute atrial fibrillation increases the risk of stroke and heart failure. The condition resolves spontaneously within 24 to 48 hours in more than 50% of people; however, many people will require interventions to control heart rate or restore sinus rhythm.
METHODS AND OUTCOMES
We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical questions: What are the effects of interventions to prevent embolism, for conversion to sinus rhythm, and to control heart rate in people with recent-onset atrial fibrillation (within 7 days) who are haemodynamically stable? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to April 2014 (Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically; please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review). We included harms alerts from relevant organisations such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).
RESULTS
We found 26 studies that met our inclusion criteria. We performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for interventions.
CONCLUSIONS
In this systematic review, we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following interventions: amiodarone, antithrombotic treatment before cardioversion, atenolol, bisoprolol, carvedilol, digoxin, diltiazem, direct current cardioversion, flecainide, metoprolol, nebivolol, propafenone, sotalol, timolol, and verapamil.
Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atrial Fibrillation; Electric Countershock; Humans; Safety
PubMed: 25430048
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Atherosclerosis and... Mar 2021
Topics: Atrial Fibrillation; Humans
PubMed: 32684558
DOI: 10.5551/jat.ED137 -
Cardiovascular Research Jun 2021
Topics: Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atrial Fibrillation; Calcium; Coronary Artery Bypass; Humans
PubMed: 34051084
DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab185