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Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue... Dec 2015Evidence-based practice (EBP) requires that clinicians be guided by the best available evidence. In this article, we address the impact of science and pseudoscience on... (Review)
Review
Evidence-based practice (EBP) requires that clinicians be guided by the best available evidence. In this article, we address the impact of science and pseudoscience on psychotherapy in psychiatric practice. We describe the key principles of evidence-based intervention. We describe pseudoscience and provide illustrative examples of popular intervention practices that have not been abandoned, despite evidence that they are not efficacious and may be harmful. We distinguish efficacy from effectiveness, and describe modular approaches to treatment. Reasons for the persistence of practices that are not evidence based are examined at both the individual and the professional system level. Finally, we offer suggestions for the promotion of EBP through clinical practice guidelines, modelling of scientific decision making, and training in core skills.
Topics: Bias; Clinical Competence; Clinical Decision-Making; Evidence-Based Practice; Heuristics; Humans; Mental Disorders; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Psychiatry; Psychotherapy; Scientific Misconduct; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 26720821
DOI: 10.1177/070674371506001203 -
Molecular Biology of the Cell Nov 2017The San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA) was penned 5 years ago to articulate best practices for how we communicate and judge our scientific...
The San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA) was penned 5 years ago to articulate best practices for how we communicate and judge our scientific contributions. In particular, it adamantly declared that Journal Impact Factor (JIF) should never be used as a surrogate measure of the quality of individual research contributions, or for hiring, promotion, or funding decisions Since then, a heightened awareness of the damaging practice of using JIFs as a proxy for the quality of individual papers, and to assess an individual's or institution's accomplishments has led to changes in policy and the design and application of best practices to more accurately assess the quality and impact of our research. Herein I summarize the considerable progress made and remaining challenges that must be met to ensure a fair and meritocratic approach to research assessment and the advancement of research.
Topics: Biomedical Research; Humans; Journal Impact Factor; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Publishing
PubMed: 29084913
DOI: 10.1091/mbc.E17-08-0534 -
Muscle & Nerve Apr 2016Inclusion-body myositis (IBM) is a late-onset idiopathic inflammatory myopathy associated with selective and progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. Current clinical... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Inclusion-body myositis (IBM) is a late-onset idiopathic inflammatory myopathy associated with selective and progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. Current clinical management of IBM is largely supportive due to its uncertain etiology and lack of effective treatment. Establishing a consensus of opinion on questions relating to diagnosis and management of IBM is expected to help reduce inconsistencies in the care and resources allocated to those living with this condition.
METHODS
A protocol has been developed to produce best practice clinical guidelines for IBM based on a combination of published research and expert consensus.
CONCLUSIONS
In this study we describe the proposed protocol for developing methods for producing robust and transparent clinical guidance on aspects of diagnosis, drug treatment, physical and practical management, respiration, nutrition and cardiac management, psychosocial management, and multidisciplinary care.
Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Myositis; Myositis, Inclusion Body; Practice Guidelines as Topic
PubMed: 26800092
DOI: 10.1002/mus.25036 -
Journal of the Chinese Medical... Dec 2017Evidence-based health care informs clinicians of choices regarding the most effective care based on the best available research evidence. However, concepts or... (Review)
Review
Evidence-based health care informs clinicians of choices regarding the most effective care based on the best available research evidence. However, concepts or instruments of evidence-based medicine are still fragmented for most clinicians. Substantial gaps between evidence and clinical practice remain. A knowledge translation roadmap may help clinicians to improve the quality of care by integration of various concepts in evidence-based health care. Improving research transparency and accuracy, conducting an updated systematic review, and shared decision making are the key points to diminish the gaps between research and practice.
Topics: Evidence-Based Practice; Humans; Knowledge; Practice Guidelines as Topic
PubMed: 28969992
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2017.04.010 -
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management May 2018Although several publications document the health care disparities experienced by sexual and gender minorities (SGMs), including lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender... (Review)
Review
Although several publications document the health care disparities experienced by sexual and gender minorities (SGMs), including lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals,1e4 less is known about the experiences and outcomes for SGM families and individuals in hospice and palliative care (HPC) settings. This article provides a brief overview of issues pertaining to SGMs in HPC settings, highlighting gaps in knowledge and research. Current and best practices for SGM individuals and their families in HPC settings are described, as are recommendations for improving the quality of such care.
Topics: Hospice Care; Hospices; Humans; Palliative Care; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Sexual and Gender Minorities
PubMed: 29288882
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.12.479 -
Schizophrenia Bulletin Mar 2021
Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Germany; Humans; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Schizophrenia
PubMed: 33544848
DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa194 -
Personalized Medicine Jan 2020
Topics: Genetic Testing; Humans; Pharmacogenomic Variants; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Precision Medicine
PubMed: 31795838
DOI: 10.2217/pme-2019-0106 -
Mayo Clinic Proceedings Mar 2018Although widely recognized as a chronic disease that requires long-term, structured, and multidisciplinary management, obesity remains largely underdiagnosed and... (Review)
Review
Although widely recognized as a chronic disease that requires long-term, structured, and multidisciplinary management, obesity remains largely underdiagnosed and undertreated. The prevalence of obesity continues to increase dramatically, with the highest rates seen in the United States. Despite the availability of several clinical practice guidelines, published studies suggest that health care professionals (HCPs) infrequently and inconsistently follow guideline recommendations. Barriers to HCP participation in obesity management are likely to inhibit obesity counseling in primary care. Improving HCP obesity-related practices and counseling is important. This article discusses current practices, barriers to effective obesity management, and recommendations to improve HCP obesity management and counseling, based on findings from a PubMed search and clinical experience. The aim of the article is to share best-practice strategies for engaging patients.
Topics: Counseling; Health Personnel; Humans; Obesity; Patient Participation; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Primary Health Care; Weight Reduction Programs
PubMed: 29502565
DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.01.006 -
Reumatologia Clinica 2018
Topics: Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Rheumatology
PubMed: 29107576
DOI: 10.1016/j.reuma.2017.07.010 -
Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and... Mar 2022To use a scoping review to explore the existing literature on best practice guidelines for safe, dignified, and compassionate care in the labor and birth setting for... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To use a scoping review to explore the existing literature on best practice guidelines for safe, dignified, and compassionate care in the labor and birth setting for pregnant women who use methamphetamines.
DATA SOURCES
We conducted a systematic search for articles and best practice guidelines from health-related databases (MEDLINE; CINAHL; and the Web of Science, including the Core Collection and Social Science Citation Index, PsycInfo, Women's Studies International, and Sociological Abstracts) and gray literature. Search terms included substance use disorder, methamphetamine, childbirth, and labor and delivery.
STUDY SELECTION
We included English-language, peer-reviewed reports of primary research, systematic reviews, and practice guidelines from credible databases and organizations published between 1991 and 2020. We screened 1,297 resources and agreed to review 156 articles and 16 gray literature resources in the full-text analysis. Nine of the 156 articles and 16 gray literature resources met the inclusion criteria.
DATA EXTRACTION
We used the Joanna Briggs Institute review guidelines (2015) criteria for extraction of the following data: author(s); year of publication; type of study; objectives; country of origin; study population and sample size (if applicable); inclusion of best practice guidelines for the labor and birth setting; care approaches specific to safety, dignity, compassion; and the targeted substance(s) discussed (e.g., methamphetamine, opioids, etc.). We further documented the phenomena of interest to determine if articles or best practice guidelines included safe, dignified, and compassionate care approaches specific to pregnant women who use methamphetamine.
DATA SYNTHESIS
We summarized the best practice guidelines, which included universal screening, assessment, and management of analgesia during labor, as well as broad guidance regarding the inclusion of a multidisciplinary health care team. Safe, dignified, and compassionate care approaches were focused on communication, shared decision making, and the provision of nonjudgmental care. Although evidence about substance use during the childbearing years is increasing, stronger evidence for clinical care approaches in the labor and birth setting is needed, inclusive of all stakeholder perspectives.
CONCLUSION
The articles and best practice guidelines reviewed provided broad clinical recommendations that were applicable to pregnant women who use methamphetamine. However, we did not find a complete comprehensive best practice guideline for labor and birth that was specific, was solution focused, and delineated a safe, dignified, and compassionate care approach.
Topics: Birth Setting; Female; Humans; Labor, Obstetric; Methamphetamine; Parturition; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women
PubMed: 34914926
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2021.10.008