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Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 2019Otitis media, mastoiditis or the pressure effect of tumorous lesions such as cholesteatoma can be the cause of facial canal dehiscence and facial nerve paralysis. The...
Association between facial nerve second genu angle and facial canal dehiscence in patients with cholesteatoma: evaluation with temporal multidetector computed tomography and surgical findings.
INTRODUCTION
Otitis media, mastoiditis or the pressure effect of tumorous lesions such as cholesteatoma can be the cause of facial canal dehiscence and facial nerve paralysis. The most common segment involved in dehiscence is the tympanic segment and the second most common is the lateral aspect of the facial canal in the oval window area.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of the facial canal dehiscence and the relationship between the angle at the second genu of the facial nerve and facial canal dehiscence.
METHODS
We evaluated the surgical findings in 113 patients who underwent surgery for cholesteatoma. Facial canal dehiscence was detected in 62 of the 113 patients. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1, with dehiscence of the facial canal and Group 2, without dehiscence of the facial canal.
RESULTS
The mean angles at the second genu of the facial nerve in Groups 1 and 2 were 117.8°±9.63° and 114°±9.9°, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean angles at the second genu for the two groups (p=0.04).
CONCLUSION
In patients with dehiscence of the facial canal, the angle at the second genu was found to be wider than those without dehiscence.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear; Facial Nerve; Facial Nerve Diseases; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Multidetector Computed Tomography; Young Adult
PubMed: 29699880
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2018.03.005 -
Frontiers in Plant Science 2023Hairy vetch ( Roth), a winter-hardy annual legume, is a promising cover crop. To fully leverage its potential, seed production and field performance of must be improved...
Hairy vetch ( Roth), a winter-hardy annual legume, is a promising cover crop. To fully leverage its potential, seed production and field performance of must be improved to facilitate producer adoption. Two classic domestication traits, seed dormancy (hard seed) and dehiscence (pod shatter), are selection targets in an ongoing breeding program. This study reports a genome-wide association study of 1,019 individuals evaluated at two sites (Knox City, Texas and Corvallis, Oregon) for the proportion of dormant seed, visual pod dehiscence scores, and two dehiscence surrogate measures (force to dehiscence and pod spiraling score). Trait performance varied between sites, but reliability (related to heritability) across sites was strong (dormant seed proportion: 0.68; dehiscence score: 0.61; spiraling score: 0.42; force to dehiscence: 0.41). A major locus controlling seed dormancy was found (-value: 1.29 × 10; chromosome 1: position: 63611165), which can be used by breeding programs to rapidly reduce dormancy in breeding populations. No significant dehiscence score QTL was found, primarily due to the high dehiscence rates in Corvallis, Oregon. Since Oregon is a potentially major seed production region, further dehiscence resistance screening is necessary.
PubMed: 37941659
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1282187 -
Frontiers in Plant Science 2020Hairy vetch, (Roth), is a cover crop that does not exhibit a typical domestication syndrome. Pod dehiscence reduces seed yield and creates weed problems for subsequent...
Hairy vetch, (Roth), is a cover crop that does not exhibit a typical domestication syndrome. Pod dehiscence reduces seed yield and creates weed problems for subsequent crops. Breeding efforts aim to reduce pod dehiscence in hairy vetch. To characterize pod dehiscence in the species, we quantified visual dehiscence and force required to cause dehiscence among 606 genotypes grown among seven environments of the United States. To identify potential secondary selection traits, we correlated pod dehiscence with various morphological pod characteristics and field measurements. Genotypes of hairy vetch exhibited wide variation in pod dehiscence, from completely indehiscent to completely dehiscent ratings. Mean force to dehiscence also varied widely, from 0.279 to 8.97 N among genotypes. No morphological traits were consistently correlated with pod dehiscence among environments where plants were grown. Results indicated that visual ratings of dehiscence would efficiently screen against genotypes with high pod dehiscence early in the breeding process. Force to dehiscence may be necessary to identify the indehiscent genotypes during advanced stages of selection.
PubMed: 32194580
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00082 -
JAMA Surgery Jun 2024Surgical site infections (SSIs)-especially anastomotic dehiscence-are major contributors to morbidity and mortality after rectal resection. The role of mechanical and... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
IMPORTANCE
Surgical site infections (SSIs)-especially anastomotic dehiscence-are major contributors to morbidity and mortality after rectal resection. The role of mechanical and oral antibiotics bowel preparation (MOABP) in preventing complications of rectal resection is currently disputed.
OBJECTIVE
To assess whether MOABP reduces overall complications and SSIs after elective rectal resection compared with mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) plus placebo.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
This multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted at 3 university hospitals in Finland between March 18, 2020, and October 10, 2022. Patients aged 18 years and older undergoing elective resection with primary anastomosis of a rectal tumor 15 cm or less from the anal verge on magnetic resonance imaging were eligible for inclusion. Outcomes were analyzed using a modified intention-to-treat principle, which included all patients who were randomly allocated to and underwent elective rectal resection with an anastomosis.
INTERVENTIONS
Patients were stratified according to tumor distance from the anal verge and neoadjuvant treatment given and randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive MOABP with an oral regimen of neomycin and metronidazole (n = 277) or MBP plus matching placebo tablets (n = 288). All study medications were taken the day before surgery, and all patients received intravenous antibiotics approximately 30 minutes before surgery.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
The primary outcome was overall cumulative postoperative complications measured using the Comprehensive Complication Index. Key secondary outcomes were SSI and anastomotic dehiscence within 30 days after surgery.
RESULTS
In all, 565 patients were included in the analysis, with 288 in the MBP plus placebo group (median [IQR] age, 69 [62-74] years; 190 males [66.0%]) and 277 in the MOABP group (median [IQR] age, 70 [62-75] years; 158 males [57.0%]). Patients in the MOABP group experienced fewer overall postoperative complications (median [IQR] Comprehensive Complication Index, 0 [0-8.66] vs 8.66 [0-20.92]; Wilcoxon effect size, 0.146; P < .001), fewer SSIs (23 patients [8.3%] vs 48 patients [16.7%]; odds ratio, 0.45 [95% CI, 0.27-0.77]), and fewer anastomotic dehiscences (16 patients [5.8%] vs 39 patients [13.5%]; odds ratio, 0.39 [95% CI, 0.21-0.72]) compared with patients in the MBP plus placebo group.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Findings of this randomized clinical trial indicate that MOABP reduced overall postoperative complications as well as rates of SSIs and anastomotic dehiscences in patients undergoing elective rectal resection compared with MBP plus placebo. Based on these findings, MOABP should be considered as standard treatment in patients undergoing elective rectal resection.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04281667.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Double-Blind Method; Middle Aged; Surgical Wound Infection; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Rectal Neoplasms; Administration, Oral; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Preoperative Care; Neomycin; Cathartics; Metronidazole; Proctectomy; Rectum; Surgical Wound Dehiscence; Elective Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 38506889
DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2024.0184 -
Frontiers in Neurology 2023Intraoperative identification of a superior semicircular canal (SSC) dehiscence the middle cranial fossa approach (MCFA) remains a difficult endeavor without a...
BACKGROUND
Intraoperative identification of a superior semicircular canal (SSC) dehiscence the middle cranial fossa approach (MCFA) remains a difficult endeavor without a neuronavigation system. To address these challenges, we propose a technique to localize the SSC dehiscence intraoperatively using certain anatomical landmarks.
METHOD
Three anatomical landmarks should be identified on preoperative radiological images: the distance from the squamous part of the temporal bone to the dehiscent SSC, the lower limit of the craniotomy, and the exact location of the craniotomy in relation to the bony external auditory canal. The use of these landmarks intraoperatively can allow the surgeon to correctly identify the position of the SSC. Two instructional videos explaining this technique are presented.
CONCLUSION
The proposed manual neuronavigation technique seems to be an accurate, safe, and cost-effective alternative technique for use in SSC dehiscence surgery.
PubMed: 37064194
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1105869 -
International Journal of Molecular... Oct 2020Dry fruits consist of two types, dehiscent and indehiscent, whereby the fruit is splitting open or remains closed at maturity, respectively. The seed, the dispersal unit... (Review)
Review
Dry fruits consist of two types, dehiscent and indehiscent, whereby the fruit is splitting open or remains closed at maturity, respectively. The seed, the dispersal unit (DU) of dehiscent fruits, is composed of three major parts, the embryo and the food reserve, encapsulated by the maternally-derived organ, the seed coat. Indehiscent fruit constitutes the DU in which the embryo is covered by two protective layers (PLs), the seed coat and the fruit coat. In grasses, the caryopsis, a one-seeded fruit, can be further enclosed by the floral bracts to generate two types of DUs, florets and spikelets. All protective layers enclosing the embryo undergo programmed cell death (PCD) at maturation and are thought to provide mainly a physical shield for embryo protection and a means for dispersal. In this review article, I wish to highlight the elaborate function of these dead organs enclosing the embryo as unique storage structures for beneficial substances and discuss their potential role in seed biology and ecology.
Topics: Brassicaceae; Fruit; Germination; Seeds; Water
PubMed: 33126660
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218024 -
BMC Surgery Feb 2017Several factors and patient characteristics influence the risk of surgical wound dehiscence and incisional hernia after midline laparotomy. The purpose of this study was...
BACKGROUND
Several factors and patient characteristics influence the risk of surgical wound dehiscence and incisional hernia after midline laparotomy. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a specified, or not specified, suture quota in the operative report affects the incidence of surgical wound complications and to describe the previously known risk factors for these complications.
METHODS
Retrospective data collection from medical records of all vascular procedures and laparotomies engaging the small intestines, colon and rectum performed in 2010. Patients were enrolled from four hospitals in the region Västra Götaland, Sweden. Unadjusted and adjusted Cox regression analyses were used when calculating the impact of the risk factors for surgical wound dehiscence and incisional hernia.
RESULTS
A total of 1,621 patients were included in the study. Wound infection was a risk factor for both wound dehiscence and incisional hernia. BMI 25-30, 30-35 and >35 were risk factors for wound dehiscence and BMI 30-35 was a risk factor for incisional hernia. We did not find that documentation of the details of suture technique, regarding wound and suture length, influenced the rate of wound dehiscence or incisional hernia.
CONCLUSIONS
These results support previous findings identifying wound infection and high BMI as risk factors for both wound dehiscence and incisional hernia. Our study indicates the importance of preventive measures against wound infection and a preoperative dietary regiment could be considered as a routine worth testing for patients with high BMI planned for abdominal surgical precedures.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Incidence; Incisional Hernia; Laparotomy; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Surgical Wound; Surgical Wound Dehiscence; Surgical Wound Infection; Suture Techniques; Sutures; Sweden; Young Adult
PubMed: 28222776
DOI: 10.1186/s12893-017-0207-0 -
Laryngoscope Investigative... Feb 2020To present a histopathological case of a 91-year-old woman who was diagnosed with superior semicircular canal dehiscence postmortem.
OBJECTIVES
To present a histopathological case of a 91-year-old woman who was diagnosed with superior semicircular canal dehiscence postmortem.
METHODS
The patient was a registered donor with the National Temporal Bone Donor Program at the NIDCD National Temporal Bone, Hearing and Balance Pathology Resource Registry. Computed tomography imaging was performed on each temporal bone. The temporal bones were decalcified with ethylenediaminetetracetate and embedded in celloidin, and tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Horizontal sections were taken through the left temporal bone, and vertical sections were taken through the right temporal bone.
RESULTS
Histopathological sections taken through the right temporal bone demonstrated no bone between the membranous wall of the superior semicircular canal and the middle fossa dura. There was no histopathological evidence of superior semicircular canal dehiscence in the left temporal bone; however, a small dehiscence would not be identified on horizontal sections. Microcavitations were observed in the common crus of the left temporal bone.
CONCLUSION
This reports describes the case of a woman who was diagnosed with superior semicircular canal dehiscence postmortem. The presence of microcavitations in the temporal bone is consistent with osteoclastic activity, which may play a role in the development of superior canal dehiscence.
PubMed: 32128437
DOI: 10.1002/lio2.332 -
Genomics Mar 2021Anther dehiscence releases pollen and therefore is a key event in plant sexual reproduction. Although anther dehiscence has been intensively studied in some plants, such...
Anther dehiscence releases pollen and therefore is a key event in plant sexual reproduction. Although anther dehiscence has been intensively studied in some plants, such as Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa), the molecular mechanism of anther dehiscence in eggplant (Solanum melongena) is largely unknown. To provide insight into this mechanism, we used RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to analyze the transcriptomic profiles of one natural male-fertile line (F142) and two male-sterile lines (S12 and S13). We assembled 88,414 unigenes and identified 3446 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). GO and KEGG analysis indicated that these DEGs were mainly involved in "metabolic process", "catalytic activity", "biosynthesis of amino acids", and "carbon metabolism". The present study provides comprehensive transcriptomic profiles of eggplants that do and do not undergo anther dehiscence, and identifies a number of genes and pathways associated with anther dehiscence. The information deepens our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of anther dehiscence in eggplant.
Topics: Genes, Plant; Plant Infertility; Solanum melongena; Transcriptome
PubMed: 33370584
DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.12.032 -
OTO Open 2018Superior canal dehiscence is defined by missing bony coverage of the superior canal against the middle cranial fossa. The gold standard in diagnosis is high-resolution...
OBJECTIVE
Superior canal dehiscence is defined by missing bony coverage of the superior canal against the middle cranial fossa. The gold standard in diagnosis is high-resolution computed tomography (CT). A false-positive CT scan, identifying a dehiscence when one is not present, could lead to unnecessary surgical therapy. This study aims to compare postmortem CT scans with autopsy findings with regard to superior canal dehiscence.
STUDY DESIGN
Postmortem study.
SETTING
Tertiary referral center.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
Twenty-two nontraumatic death cases within a 3-month period (January to March 2017) were included with 44 temporal bones. Each body underwent postmortem head CT prior to medicolegal autopsy. The middle fossa floor was exposed, and if present, the superior semicircular canal dehiscence was identified and measured. In each case, 3 comparable photographs were taken during the autopsy (left temporal bone, right temporal bone, overview).
RESULTS
Autopsy findings revealed bony dehiscences in 11% of the temporal bones, whereas CT scan revealed bony dehiscences in 16%. The length of the dehiscences were longer when measured by CT imaging.
CONCLUSION
The diagnosis of superior canal dehiscence syndrome requires high-resolution CT with clinical symptoms and physiologic evidence of a third mobile window. Our study underlines a mismatch between multislice CT imaging in the coronal plane and the presence of a dehiscence on autopsy.
PubMed: 31535068
DOI: 10.1177/2473974X18793576