-
Frontiers in Plant Science 2020Silique dehiscence is an important physiological process during natural growth that enables mature seeds to be released from plants, which then undergo reproduction and... (Review)
Review
Silique dehiscence is an important physiological process during natural growth that enables mature seeds to be released from plants, which then undergo reproduction and ensure the survival of future generations. In agricultural production, the time and degree of silique dehiscence affect the harvest time and processing of crops. Premature silique dehiscence leads to seeds being shed before harvest, resulting in substantial reductions to yields. Conversely, late silique dehiscence is not conducive to harvesting, and grain weight and oil content will be reduced due to the respiratory needs of seeds. In this paper, the mechanisms and regulation of silique dehiscence, and its application in agricultural production is reviewed.
PubMed: 32670302
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00580 -
Plant Physiology Mar 2018Cellulases, hemicellulases, and pectinases play important roles in fruit development and maturation. Although mutants with defects in these processes have not been...
Cellulases, hemicellulases, and pectinases play important roles in fruit development and maturation. Although mutants with defects in these processes have not been reported for cellulase or hemicellulase genes, the pectinases ARABIDOPSIS DEHISCENCE ZONE POLYGALACTURONASE1 (ADPG1) and ADPG2 were previously shown to be essential for silique dehiscence in Arabidopsis (). Here, we demonstrate that the cellulase gene () and the hemicellulase gene () function in the development and dehiscence of Arabidopsis siliques. We found that these genes were expressed in both vegetative and reproductive organs and that their expression in the silique partially depended on the INDEHISCENT and ALCATRAZ transcription factors. Cell differentiation was delayed in the dehiscence zone of and mutant siliques at early flower development stage 17, and a comparison of the spatio-temporal patterns of and expression with the locations of delayed cell differentiation in the and mutants revealed that CEL6 and MAN7 likely indirectly affect the timing of cell differentiation in the silique valve at this stage. CEL6 and MAN7 were also found to promote cell degeneration in the separation layer in nearly mature siliques, as cells in this layer remained intact in the and mutants and the double mutant, whereas they degenerated in the wild-type control. Phenotypic studies of single, double, triple, and quadruple mutants revealed that higher-order mutant combinations of , , and and produced more severe silique indehiscent phenotypes than the corresponding lower-order mutant combinations, except for some combinations involving , , and Our results demonstrate that the ability of the silique to dehisce can be manipulated to different degrees by altering the activities of various cell wall-modifying enzymes.
Topics: Arabidopsis; Arabidopsis Proteins; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors; Cell Differentiation; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Mannosidases; Mutation; N-Glycosyl Hydrolases; Plant Cells; Plants, Genetically Modified
PubMed: 29348141
DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01494 -
Indian Journal of Thoracic and... Jul 2020Post-sternotomy dehiscence and mediastinitis remains a serious complication in cardiothoracic surgery. The aim of this work is to report our experience over a period of...
PURPOSE
Post-sternotomy dehiscence and mediastinitis remains a serious complication in cardiothoracic surgery. The aim of this work is to report our experience over a period of 8 years in the surgical treatment and risk factor analyses of post-sternotomy dehiscence and mediastinitis.
METHODS
All patients treated for post-sternotomy dehiscence at our Thoracic Surgery Unit in the last 8 years were retrospectively collected. We identified 237 patients with post-sternotomy dehiscence/mediastinitis. Forty-two patients had simple fractures of the metal steel wires, 61 had an asymmetric sternotomy with multiple sternal fractures, 113 had a symmetric sternotomy with multiple sternal fractures, 14 had a failed Robicsek procedure, and 7 had sternal dehiscence with mediastinal abscess.
RESULTS
Different surgical techniques and materials were used to repair the sternum. In 21 patients, the first revision failed and a second reoperation was required. At multivariate analyses, we have identified risk factors for revision failure and in-hospital mortality. Mortality rate was significantly higher in patients who underwent more than one surgical revision (8% vs 19%, < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Patients with sternal dehiscence are very fragile due to multiple preoperative comorbidities as reflected by postoperative morbidity and risk factors for in-hospital mortality. A correct evaluation of the characteristics of sternal dehiscence is important to guide the most appropriate repair strategy. Patients who need repeated sternal revisions had a higher mortality. Further randomized studies are needed to evaluate different techniques and medical devices to define the procedure to reduce significantly sternal wound complications in high-risk patients as defined by well-known risk factors.
PubMed: 33061147
DOI: 10.1007/s12055-019-00880-5 -
Frontiers in Medicine 2023The comprehensive investigation of the association between keratoplasty and wound dehiscence remains limited, despite corneal disease being a leading cause of visual... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The comprehensive investigation of the association between keratoplasty and wound dehiscence remains limited, despite corneal disease being a leading cause of visual impairment.
METHODS
A meticulous search strategy was executed across prominent databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase. Data relevant to our research objective were extracted from eligible studies. The methodological quality of each study was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool, while statistical analysis was conducted utilizing STATA 17.0. To evaluate potential publication bias, the Funnel plot and Egger's test were employed.
RESULTS
A total of 11 articles were deemed suitable for inclusion in our analysis. Our findings indicate that the overall incidence of wound dehiscence following keratoplasty was estimated to be 1.9% (95% CI: 0.013, 0.026), although substantial heterogeneity was observed ( = 72.798%). Notably, developed countries exhibited a higher incidence of wound dehiscence compared to their developing counterparts. Furthermore, the occurrence of wound dehiscence was found to be lower in deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) procedures when compared to penetrating keratoplasty (PK). Analysis utilizing Egger's linear regression method yielded no evidence of publication bias ( = 0.91). Moreover, within the first year post-keratoplasty, approximately 31.4% of patients experienced wound dehiscence (95% CI: 0.149, 0.503), and 43.1% exhibited a decline in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (95% CI, 0.341, 0.522).
CONCLUSION
The results of our study unveiled the occurrence rate of wound dehiscence following keratoplasty, exhibiting variations based on economic level and the specific surgical procedure employed. Furthermore, onset time of wound dehiscence and visual acuity warrant consideration.
PubMed: 37711746
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1187555 -
PloS One 2023Fruits play a crucial role in seed dispersal. They open along dehiscence zones. Fruit dehiscence zone formation has been intensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana....
Fruits play a crucial role in seed dispersal. They open along dehiscence zones. Fruit dehiscence zone formation has been intensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, little is known about the mechanisms and genes involved in the formation of fruit dehiscence zones in species outside the Brassicaceae. The dehiscence zone of A. thaliana contains a lignified layer, while dehiscence zone tissues of the emerging orchid model Erycina pusilla include a lipid layer. Here we present an analysis of evolution and development of fruit dehiscence zones in orchids. We performed ancestral state reconstructions across the five orchid subfamilies to study the evolution of selected fruit traits and explored dehiscence zone developmental genes using RNA-seq and qPCR. We found that erect dehiscent fruits with non-lignified dehiscence zones and a short ripening period are ancestral characters in orchids. Lignified dehiscence zones in orchid fruits evolved multiple times from non-lignified zones. Furthermore, we carried out gene expression analysis of tissues from different developmental stages of E. pusilla fruits. We found that fruit dehiscence genes from the MADS-box gene family and other important regulators in E. pusilla differed in their expression pattern from their homologs in A. thaliana. This suggests that the current A. thaliana fruit dehiscence model requires adjustment for orchids. Additionally, we discovered that homologs of A. thaliana genes involved in the development of carpel, gynoecium and ovules, and genes involved in lipid biosynthesis were expressed in the fruit valves of E. pusilla, implying that these genes may play a novel role in formation of dehiscence zone tissues in orchids. Future functional analysis of developmental regulators, lipid identification and quantification can shed more light on lipid-layer based dehiscence of orchid fruits.
Topics: Arabidopsis; Fruit; Brassicaceae; Gene Expression Profiling; Lipids; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
PubMed: 37815982
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286846 -
BMC Urology Sep 2022Fascial dehiscence after radical cystectomy may have serious clinical implications. To optimize its management, we sought to describe accompanying intraabdominal...
BACKGROUND
Fascial dehiscence after radical cystectomy may have serious clinical implications. To optimize its management, we sought to describe accompanying intraabdominal findings of post-cystectomy dehiscence repair and determine whether a thorough intraabdominal exploration during its operation is mandatory.
METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed a multi-institutional cohort of patients who underwent open radical cystectomy between 2005 and 2020. Patients who underwent exploratory surgery due to fascial dehiscence within 30 days post-cystectomy were included in the analysis. Data collected included demographic characteristics, the clinical presentation of dehiscence, associated laboratory findings, imaging results, surgical parameters, operative findings, and clinical implications. Potential predictors of accompanying intraabdominal complications were investigated.
RESULTS
Of 1301 consecutive patients that underwent cystectomy, 27 (2%) had dehiscence repair during a median of 7 days post-surgery. Seven patients (26%) had accompanying intraabdominal pathologies, including urine leaks, a fecal leak, and an internal hernia in 5 (19%), 1 (4%), and 1 (4%) patients, respectively. Accompanying intraabdominal findings were associated with longer hospital stay [20 (IQR 17, 23) vs. 41 (IQR 29, 47) days, P = 0.03] and later dehiscence identification (postoperative day 7 [IQR 5, 9] vs. 10 [IQR 6, 15], P = 0.03). However, the rate of post-exploration complications was similar in both groups. A history of ischemic heart disease was the only predictor for accompanying intraabdominal pathologies (67% vs. 24%; P = 0.02).
CONCLUSIONS
A substantial proportion of patients undergoing post-cystectomy fascial dehiscence repair may have unrecognized accompanying surgical complications without prior clinical suspicion. While cardiovascular disease is a risk factor for accompanying findings, meticulous abdominal inspection is imperative in all patients during dehiscence repair. Identification and repair during the surgical intervention may prevent further adverse, possibly life-threatening consequences with minimal risk for iatrogenic injury.
Topics: Cystectomy; Humans; Length of Stay; Postoperative Complications; Retrospective Studies; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
PubMed: 36057602
DOI: 10.1186/s12894-022-01095-4 -
Journal of Personalized Medicine May 2023In this retrospective study, our aim was to investigate a novel treatment strategy guideline for vaginal cuff dehiscence after hysterectomy based on the mode of...
In this retrospective study, our aim was to investigate a novel treatment strategy guideline for vaginal cuff dehiscence after hysterectomy based on the mode of operation and time of occurrence in patients who underwent hysterectomy at Severance Hospital between July 2013 and February 2019. We analyzed the characteristics of 53 cases of vaginal cuff dehiscence according to the mode of hysterectomy and time of occurrence. Out of a total of 6530 hysterectomy cases, 53 were identified as vaginal cuff dehiscence (0.81%; 95% confidence interval: 0.4-1.6%). The incidence of dehiscence after minimally invasive hysterectomy was significantly higher in patients with benign diseases, while malignant disease was associated with a higher risk of dehiscence after transabdominal hysterectomy ( = 0.011). The time of occurrence varied significantly based on menopausal status, with dehiscence occurring relatively earlier in pre-menopausal women compared to post-menopausal women (93.1% vs. 33.3%, respectively; = 0.031). Surgical repair was more frequently required in cases of late-onset vaginal cuff dehiscence (≥8 weeks) compared to those with early-onset dehiscence (95.8% vs. 51.7%, respectively; < 0.001). Patient-specific factors, such as age, menopausal status, and cause of operation, may influence the timing and severity of vaginal cuff dehiscence and evisceration. Therefore, a guideline may be indicated for the treatment of potentially emergent complications after hysterectomy.
PubMed: 37373878
DOI: 10.3390/jpm13060890 -
Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Aug 2022The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of and risk factors for both gastrointestinal (GI) incisional dehiscence and mortality in a large cohort of cats...
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of and risk factors for both gastrointestinal (GI) incisional dehiscence and mortality in a large cohort of cats undergoing GI surgery. We hypothesized that cats with preoperative septic peritonitis (PSP), systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or sepsis would have higher GI dehiscence and mortality rates than unaffected cats.
METHODS
A medical records search identified cats with surgically created, full-thickness incisions into their stomach, small intestines or large intestines. Preoperative data, including signalment, clinical signs, comorbidities, surgical history, current medications, presenting physical examination findings, complete blood counts and serum biochemistry values, were collected. It was determined whether or not cats had PSP, SIRS or sepsis at admission. Intraoperative data, final diagnosis and postoperative variables such as vital parameters, bloodwork and (if applicable) the development of GI dehiscence or mortality were noted. Postoperative follow-up of at least 10 days was obtained in survivors.
RESULTS
In total, 126 cats were included. One cat developed GI dehiscence following complete resection of a jejunal adenocarcinoma. Twenty-three cats (18.2%) died within 10 days of surgery. Cats with PSP ( = 0.0462) or that developed hypothermia 25-72 h postoperatively ( = 0.0055) had higher odds of mortality in multivariate analysis. Cats with PSP had 6.7-times higher odds of mortality than cats not diagnosed with PSP.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
In cats receiving GI surgery, the incidence of GI incisional dehiscence was <1%. Cats with PSP had a higher likelihood of mortality. SIRS was a common finding in cats with septic peritonitis, but was not associated with mortality. Postoperative mortality during the home recovery period might be significant in cats. Future studies evaluating postoperative mortality in cats should consider extending the research period beyond the date of discharge.
Topics: Animals; Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Humans; Intestines; Peritonitis; Retrospective Studies; Sepsis; Surgical Wound Dehiscence; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
PubMed: 34663127
DOI: 10.1177/1098612X211048454 -
International Journal of Genomics 2024Pod dehiscence brings much loss for modern agricultural production, and multiple pod dehiscence components have been identified in many plant species. However, the pod...
Pod dehiscence brings much loss for modern agricultural production, and multiple pod dehiscence components have been identified in many plant species. However, the pod dehiscence regulation factors in soybean are limited. In this study, we investigate the function of , a close homologues gene of pod dehiscence genes , , and , in the regulation of pod dehiscence in soybean. The secondary and tertiary structure analysis reveals that GmDIR26 protein has a similar structure with GmPdh1, PvPdh1, and CaPdh1 proteins. Synteny analysis of soybean and chickpea genomes shows that the genomic region surrounding and might be evolved from the same ancestor, and these two genes might have similar function. shows an increased expression pattern during pod development and reaches a peak at beginning seed stage. Meanwhile, exhibits high expression levels in dorsal suture and pod wall, but low expression pattern in ventral suture. In addition, shows higher expression levels in pod dehiscence genotype than that in pod indehiscence accessions. Overexpression of in soybean increases pod dehiscence in transgenic plants, of which the lignin layer in inner sclerenchyma pods is thicker and looser. The expression levels of several pod dehiscence genes are altered. Our study provides important information for further modification of pod dehiscence resistance soybean and characterization of soybean pod dehiscence regulation network.
PubMed: 38716378
DOI: 10.1155/2024/2439396 -
Clinical Practice and Cases in... Aug 2022A 31-year-old female presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain and a 15-centimeter bloody vaginal protrusion, which resulted during an attempted bowel...
CASE PRESENTATION
A 31-year-old female presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain and a 15-centimeter bloody vaginal protrusion, which resulted during an attempted bowel movement. Reduction of the mass was unsuccessful, and the patient was taken to the operating room for examination.
DISCUSSION
In patients with a history of vaginal hysterectomy, the vaginal cuff can dehisce and abdominal contents may protrude through the vaginal canal. In this case presentation, the vaginal mass was found to be omental tissue, which could be mistaken for a prolapse of vaginal mucosa. Therefore, a proper pelvic exam is imperative, as prolapse through a cuff dehiscence can lead to severe complications.
PubMed: 36049188
DOI: 10.5811/cpcem.2022.2.56353