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Journal of Dental Research Nov 2014Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (BMSCs) are commonly used in regeneration therapy. The current primary source of BMSCs is the iliac crest; however,... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (BMSCs) are commonly used in regeneration therapy. The current primary source of BMSCs is the iliac crest; however, the procedure is associated with various burdens on the patient, including the risk of pain and infection. Hence, the possibility to collect BMSCs from other, more accessible, sources would be an attractive approach. It is well known that stem cells migrate from surrounding tissues and play important roles in wound healing. We thus hypothesized that stem/progenitor cells could be isolated from granulation tissue in the dental socket, and we subsequently collected granulation tissue from dog dental socket 3 d after tooth extraction. After enzyme digestion of the collected tissue, the cells forming colonies constituted the dental socket-derived stem/progenitor cells (dDSCs). Next, dDSCs were compared with dog BMSCs (dBMSCs) for phenotype characterization. A flow cytometric analysis showed that dDSCs were positive for CD44, CD90, and CD271 but negative for CD34 and CD45, similar to dBMSCs. dDSCs also exhibited osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation ability, similar to dBMSCs, with a higher capacity for colony formation, proliferation, and motility than dBMSCs. In addition, an in vivo ectopic bone formation assay showed that dDSCs and dBMSCs both induced hard tissue formation, although only dDSCs formed a fibrous tissue-like structure connected to the newly formed bone. Finally, we tested the ability of dDSCs to regenerate periodontal tissue in a one-wall defect model. The defects in the dDSC-transplanted group (β-TCP/PGA/dDSCs) were regenerated with cementum-like and periodontal ligament-like tissues and alveolar bone, whereas only bony tissue was observed in the control group (β-TCP/PGA). In conclusion, we identified and characterized a population of stem/progenitor cells in granulation tissue obtained from the dental socket that exhibited several characteristics similar to those of BMSCs. Dental sockets could therefore be a novel source for isolating stem/progenitor cells from bone.
Topics: Adipogenesis; Alveolar Bone Loss; Animals; Antigens, CD; Bone Marrow Cells; Calcification, Physiologic; Cell Differentiation; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Cell Separation; Cementogenesis; Chondrogenesis; Dogs; Female; Granulation Tissue; Hyaluronan Receptors; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Nude; Mice, SCID; Osteogenesis; Periodontal Ligament; Phenotype; Thy-1 Antigens; Tooth Extraction; Tooth Socket
PubMed: 25170030
DOI: 10.1177/0022034514549377 -
Annals of Anatomy = Anatomischer... Feb 2023This review aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of autogenous particulated dentin (APD) used for alveolar ridge preservation (ARP), evaluating volume gain,...
PURPOSE
This review aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of autogenous particulated dentin (APD) used for alveolar ridge preservation (ARP), evaluating volume gain, histologic/histomorphometric data, and associated complications.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). An automated search was made in four databases (Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) supplemented by a manual search for relevant clinical articles published before March 10th, 2022. The review included human studies of at least four patients in which extraction and subsequent ARP were performed in a single surgery. Both comparative studies and studies that assessed ARP with APD exclusively were admitted. The quality of evidence was assessed with the Cochrane bias assessment tool, the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale, and the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool.
RESULTS
Eleven studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included for descriptive analysis, with a total of 215 patients, and 337 alveoli preserved by APD, spontaneous healing (blood clot), or other bone substitutes, obtaining comparatively less vertical and horizontal resorption when APD was used.
CONCLUSIONS
After dental extraction, autogenous dentin was effective in terms of volume maintenance, showing promising results in histologic/histomorphometric analysis, and a low complication rate. Nevertheless, few comparative studies with comparable parameters have been published and so more research providing long-term data is needed to confirm these findings.
Topics: Humans; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; Bone Transplantation; Bone Substitutes; Minerals; Alveolar Process; Dentin; Tooth Socket; Tooth Extraction
PubMed: 36396018
DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2022.152024 -
Biomedical Engineering Online Aug 2015Both maxillary protraction and rapid expansion are recommended for patients with cleft palate and alveolus. The aim of the study is to establish a three-dimensional...
Displacements prediction from 3D finite element model of maxillary protraction with and without rapid maxillary expansion in a patient with unilateral cleft palate and alveolus.
BACKGROUND
Both maxillary protraction and rapid expansion are recommended for patients with cleft palate and alveolus. The aim of the study is to establish a three-dimensional finite element model of the craniomaxillary complex with unilateral cleft palate and alveolus to simulate maxillary protraction with and without rapid maxillary expansion. The study also investigates the deformation of the craniomaxillary complex after applied orthopaedic forces in different directions.
METHODS
A three dimensional finite element model of 1,277,568 hexahedral elements (C3D8) and 1,801,945 nodes was established based upon CT scan of a patient with unilateral cleft palate and alveolus on the right side in this study. A force of 4.9 N per side was directed on the anatomic height of contour on the buccal side of the first molar. The angles between the force vector and occlusal plane were -30°, -20°, -10°, 0°, 10°, 20°, and 30°. A force of 2.45 N on each loading point was directed on the anatomic height of contour on the lingual side of the first premolar and the first molar to simulate the expansion of the palate.
RESULTS
The craniomaxillary complex displaced forward under any of the loading conditions. The sagittal and vertical displacement of the craniomaxillary complex reached their peak at the protraction degree of -10° forward and downward to the occlusal plane. There were larger sagittal displacements when the maxilla was protracted forward with maxillary expansion. The palatal plane rotated counterclockwise under any of the loading conditions. Being protracted without expansion, the dental arch was constricted. When supplemented with maxillary expansion, the width of the dental arch increased. Transverse deformation of the dental arch on affected side was different from that on unaffected side.
CONCLUSIONS
Protraction force alone led the craniomaxillary complex moved forward and counterclockwise, accompanied with lateral constrain on the dental arch. Additional rapid maxillary expansion resulted in a more positive reaction including both larger sagittal displacement and the width of the dental arch increase.
Topics: Adolescent; Cleft Palate; Dental Arch; Finite Element Analysis; Humans; Male; Maxilla; Palatal Expansion Technique; Rotation; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tooth Socket
PubMed: 26285822
DOI: 10.1186/s12938-015-0074-9 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Dec 2021: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of an autologous dentin graft, via extracted teeth that are processed into bacteria-free particulate dentin in a...
: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of an autologous dentin graft, via extracted teeth that are processed into bacteria-free particulate dentin in a Smart dentin grinder and then grafted immediately into alveolus post extraction or into bone deficiencies. Ten healthy, partially edentulous patients with some teeth in the mandible were recruited in the study. After their own teeth were grinded, particulate teeth were placed in empty sockets and bone defects after teeth extractions. Furthermore, after three, six, 12 and 24 months, core samples using a 3 mm trephine were obtained. At three months, the particles of grinded tooth were immersed inside a new connective tissue with a small new bone formation (16.3 ± 1.98). At six months, we observed small particles of dentin integrated in new immature bone, without inflammation in the soft tissue (41.1 ± 0.76). At twelve months, we observed a high amount of bone formation surrounding tooth particles (54.5 ± 0.24), and at twenty-four months, new bone, a big structure of bone, was observed with dentin particles (59.4 ± 1.23), statistically different when compared it with at three months. A particulate dentin graft should be considered as an alternative material for sockets' preservation, split technique, and also for sinus lifting. One of the special characteristics after 24 months of evaluation was the high resorption rate and bone replacement without inflammation. This material could be considered as an acceptable biomaterial for different bone defects due to its osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties.
Topics: Dentin; Humans; Mandible; Retrospective Studies; Tooth Extraction; Tooth Socket
PubMed: 35056364
DOI: 10.3390/medicina58010056 -
In Vivo (Athens, Greece) 2020Tooth extraction is a common procedure in dental clinics. Tooth extraction can destroy gingiva, alveolar bone, periodontal ligaments and cement. If dental sockets are...
BACKGROUND/AIM
Tooth extraction is a common procedure in dental clinics. Tooth extraction can destroy gingiva, alveolar bone, periodontal ligaments and cement. If dental sockets are left as extracted, it will result in loss of teeth, as well as voice and aesthetic problems. A natural hydroxyapatite (HA) bioceramic bone graft substitute developed from goose-beak bone particles (GBPs) was used for dentoalveolar reconstruction in a canine model.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Four adult (18-22 months old) male beagle dogs weighing 8.2-9.6 kg were included in the study. Eight alveolar extraction sockets in the four dogs were divided randomly into two groups and a split-mouth design was established; control group, socket filled with commercial synthetic HA; tested group, socket filled with granulated GBP.
RESULTS
Micro-CT analysis and hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining of non-decalcified sections were undertaken. Examination revealed that dentoalveolar reconstruction was initiated from the periphery of the host bone, and newly formed bone was well integrated with the GBP. Bone apposition was observed at the edge of the host bone-GBP interface.
CONCLUSION
A natural ceramic powder obtained from GBP is suitable for use in dentoalveolar reconstruction in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Beak; Biocompatible Materials; Bone Regeneration; Bone Substitutes; Dental Materials; Dogs; Durapatite; Geese; Guided Tissue Regeneration; Male; Osteogenesis; Tooth Socket; X-Ray Microtomography
PubMed: 32111760
DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11814 -
National Journal of Maxillofacial... Aug 2022The extraction of a tooth in the anterior region can result in resorption of alveolar bone around the socket, especially the buccal bone leading to horizontal as well as...
The extraction of a tooth in the anterior region can result in resorption of alveolar bone around the socket, especially the buccal bone leading to horizontal as well as vertical bone loss. This makes rehabilitation in the anterior region an esthetically complex situation. To preserve the buccal bone, the root is bisected and buccal two-thirds is preserved in the socket. This is called socket shield technique. Immediate implant placement and immediate provisionalization yield an esthetically pleasing and more acceptable outcome.
PubMed: 36393952
DOI: 10.4103/njms.NJMS_109_20 -
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic... Mar 2015Long term health of the stomatognathic system as well as esthetic aspects is the therapeutic goals in patients with oro facial clefts.
BACKGROUND
Long term health of the stomatognathic system as well as esthetic aspects is the therapeutic goals in patients with oro facial clefts.
AIM
The aim of this study was to assess and compare the periodontal status of patients with cleft lip (CL), cleft palate (CP) and cleft lip, alveolus and palate (CLAP) reporting to a hospital in Chennai, India.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study group consisted of 80 cleft patients. Subjects were divided into three groups. Group 1: patients with cleft lip (CL), Group 2: subjects with cleft palate (CP) and Group 3: subjects with cleft lip alveolus and palate (CLAP). Community Periodontal Index for Treatment needs CPITN Index was recorded.
RESULTS
Among the 80 study subjects, 51 (63.8%) were males and 29 (36.2%) were females. Among the 26 study subjects with cleft lip, 10 (38.5%) had healthy periodontium, 4 (15.4%) had bleeding on probing and 12 (46.1%) had calculus. Mean number of sextants coded for healthy and bleeding was maximum among the subjects with cleft palate. Mean number of sextants coded for calculus was maximum among the subjects with cleft lip alveolus and palate. Prevalence of periodontal disease is high among patients with cleft lip, alveolus and palate (35%) than in Cleft lip (32.5%) and Cleft Palate (32.5%).
CONCLUSION
Gingivitis and Calculus is predominantly high in patients with Cleft Palate and Cleft Lip respectively.
PubMed: 25954706
DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2015/11208.5723 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Jul 2023The aim of this scoping review was to determine the effectiveness of the platelet-rich fibrin in the control of pain associated with alveolar osteitis. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this scoping review was to determine the effectiveness of the platelet-rich fibrin in the control of pain associated with alveolar osteitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Reporting was based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Extension for Scoping Reviews. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Scopus databases to identify all clinical studies on the application of platelet-rich fibrin in the control of pain caused by alveolar osteitis. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers and qualitatively described.
RESULTS
The initial search returned 81 articles, with 49 identified after duplicates removal; of these, 8 were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Three of the eight studies were randomized controlled clinical trials, and four were non-randomized clinical studies, two of which were controlled. One study was case series. In all of these studies, pain control was evaluated using the visual analog scale. Overall, the use of platelet-rich fibrin resulted effective in the control of pain determined by alveolar osteitis.
CONCLUSIONS
Within the limits of this scoping review, the application of platelet-rich fibrin in the post-extra-extraction alveolus reduced the pain associated with alveolar osteitis in almost all the included studies. Nevertheless, high-quality randomized trials with adequate sample size are warranted to draw firm conclusions.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Pain associated with alveolar osteitis causes discomfort to the patient and is challenging to be treated. Use of platelet-rich fibrin could be a promising clinical strategy for pain control in alveolar osteitis if its effectiveness will be confirmed by further high-quality studies.
Topics: Humans; Dry Socket; Molar, Third; Pain; Platelet-Rich Fibrin; Tooth Extraction; Wound Healing
PubMed: 37014504
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05012-3 -
Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Research 2019The purpose of this systematic review was to assess quantitatively and qualitatively the influence of two different factors: membranes and soft tissue graft influence... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this systematic review was to assess quantitatively and qualitatively the influence of two different factors: membranes and soft tissue graft influence for the extraction socket preservation.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A wide-ranging electronic search was performed in six databases up to 30 of November 2018 in order to identify all the clinical and randomized clinical trials performed in humans published with no data restriction. The inclusion criteria were extraction socket preservation with and without membranes or a soft tissue graft in a intact socket with at least six months of follow-up, have more than 12 patients or treat more than 12 sites per group and evaluated at least one of the primary outcomes measures (radiographic measures histological assessment, clinical measures).
RESULTS
From an initial search of 1524 studies only 6 papers fulfil the inclusion and exclusion criterions. All the six selected papers, presented a wide heterogeneity of treatments used, evaluated variables and observation period that made impossible to recommend any specific techniques and/or material to achieve better results. The limited data found suggest that the used of membrane reveals to achieve better results. It wasn't possible to observe in any clinical trial that compares the used of soft tissue graft.
CONCLUSIONS
New trials need to be performed in order to identify what specific techniques and/or materials are better to decrease the reabsorption of the socket after tooth extraction. Clinical trials designed to understand when/how the soft tissues grafts influence at the socket preservation is needed.
PubMed: 31620267
DOI: 10.5037/jomr.2019.10305 -
Australian Dental Journal Mar 2016Severe dental traumatic injuries often involve the supporting bone and soft tissues. This article outlines the current concepts in the management of dentoalveolar...
Severe dental traumatic injuries often involve the supporting bone and soft tissues. This article outlines the current concepts in the management of dentoalveolar fractures for the general dental practitioner with case reports to illustrate management principles and techniques.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alveolar Process; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Fracture Fixation; Fractures, Comminuted; Humans; Incisor; Jaw Fractures; Male; Mandibular Fractures; Maxillary Fractures; Patient Care Planning; Physical Examination; Radiography, Panoramic; Splints; Tooth Avulsion; Tooth Fractures; Tooth Injuries; Tooth Replantation; Tooth Socket; Young Adult
PubMed: 26923449
DOI: 10.1111/adj.12399