-
BMC Oral Health May 2023This study aimed to determine the relationship between dental anxiety and oral health in adult patients who applied to the Department of Restorative Dentistry at the...
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to determine the relationship between dental anxiety and oral health in adult patients who applied to the Department of Restorative Dentistry at the Faculty of Dentistry at Suleyman Demirel University.
METHODS
The study included 500 subjects. The dental anxiety levels of the patients were determined using a modified dental anxiety scale (MDAS). Information on sociodemographic details, oral hygiene and nutritional habits were recorded. Intraoral examinations of the subjects were performed. Caries prevalence of individuals was determined using the decayed, missing or filled teeth (DMFT) and decayed, missing, or filled surfaces (DMFS) indices. Gingival health was evaluated using the gingival index (GI). Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square tests and Spearman correlation analysis.
RESULTS
The ages of the 276 female and 224 male participants ranged from 18-84 years. The median MDAS value was 9.00. The median DMFT and DMFS values were 10.00 and 23.00, respectively. The median MDAS values of women were higher than those of men. Individuals who postponed their appointment had a higher MDAS median value than those who did not (Mann-Whitney U test, p < 0.05). No statistically significant correlation was found between dental anxiety level (MDAS) and GI, DMFT and DMFS index scores (Spearman correlation analysis, p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The MDAS values of individuals who did not remember the reason for their dental visit were higher than those who visited the dentist for routine control. Based on the findings of this study, further research on the relationship between dental anxiety and oral health is necessary to determine the factors that pose a risk for dental anxiety and to ensure the regular benefits of dental services.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Female; Oral Health; Cross-Sectional Studies; Turkey; Dental Anxiety; Dental Caries; Dental Care; DMF Index; Prevalence
PubMed: 37231452
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03041-8 -
International Journal of Clinical... 2022It has been observed that children with special healthcare needs exhibit higher dental anxiety levels because of various barriers. In the literature, there is no anxiety...
BACKGROUND
It has been observed that children with special healthcare needs exhibit higher dental anxiety levels because of various barriers. In the literature, there is no anxiety assessment scale for speech and hearing-impaired children. A new concept of pictorial representation of common emotions observed during dental treatment was used to design an innovative scale, thereby helping to improve communication and in bringing out positive behavior among the children. This study aimed to assess and validate the efficacy of an anxiety rating scale for speech and hearing-impaired children.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 36-12-year-old children with speech and hearing impairments from a special school were selected for this study. The pretreatment anxiety score among the children was assessed using the pictorial anxiety rating scale.
RESULTS
The anxiety rating scale was well accepted by speech and hearing-impaired children. It was well-supported by expert opinions and equal distribution of anxiety scores.
CONCLUSION
The pictorial scale is a valid anxiety assessment scale for measuring dental anxiety among speech and hearing-impaired children. It can be used independently to assess dental anxiety in clinical settings and epidemiological studies as well.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Shivashankarappa PG, Kaur J, Adimoulame S. Anxiety Rating Scale for Speech and Hearing-impaired Children. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(6):704-706.
PubMed: 36866146
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2459 -
Global prevalence of early childhood dental fear and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of Dentistry Mar 2024The objective of this review is to determine the global prevalence of dental fear and anxiety (DFA) in early childhood and identify its related factors. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this review is to determine the global prevalence of dental fear and anxiety (DFA) in early childhood and identify its related factors.
METHODS
The systematic review utilized three common English-language databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science). Two independent researchers performed a systematic search to include observational studies on young children published from 2000 to 2023. They extracted information on prevalence of DFA, assessment tools used, study sites, respondents, and children's dental visit experiences.
RESULTS
A total of 2,895 studies were identified, and 25 studies met the inclusion criteria for analysis. The pooled prevalence of DFA among 2- to 6- year-old children was estimated to be 30 % (95 % CI=25, 36). Children without dental visit experience (OR=1.37, 95 % CI=1.18, 1.59) and children with caries experiences (OR=1.18, 95 % CI=1.09, 1.27) had higher odds of experiencing DFA compared to those with dental visit experience or caries-free status. The most commonly used assessment tools in the included studies were the Frankl Behaviour Rating Scale (32 %, 8/25), Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (20 %, 5/25), and Dental Anxiety Question (20 %, 5/25).
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review reveals that approximately one-third of young children globally experience DFA. Children who lack dental visit experience or have caries experiences are at increased risk of DFA. Clinicians can use this information to make informed decisions regarding dental care provision for young children.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
This study provides comprehensive information on the global prevalence of dental fear and anxiety and its associated factors in early childhood. The findings can assist clinicians in understanding and addressing DFA in their dental care approach for young children.
REGISTRATION
PROSPERO (CRD42023446464).
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Anxiety Disorders; Dental Anxiety; Dental Caries; Prevalence; Observational Studies as Topic
PubMed: 38246307
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104841 -
European Journal of Oral Sciences Dec 2022We evaluated associations between dental anxiety and four temperament dimensions: effortful control, extraversion/surgency, negative affect and orienting sensitivity...
We evaluated associations between dental anxiety and four temperament dimensions: effortful control, extraversion/surgency, negative affect and orienting sensitivity among 2558 parents in the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. Dental anxiety was measured with the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale, and temperament with the Adult Temperament Questionnaire. Associations between dental anxiety and temperament dimensions were modelled using linear and logistic (cut-off ≥ 19 for high dental anxiety) regression analyses adjusting for general anxiety and depressive symptoms, age and education. In women and men, dental anxiety was positively associated with negative affect (women β = 1.10; 95%CI 1.06-1.15; men β = 1.11; 95%CI 1.05-1.18) and negatively associated with effortful control (women β = 0.95; 95% CI0.92-0.99, men β = 0.90; 95% CI 0.85-0.95). In women, extraversion/surgency was also positively associated with dental anxiety (β = 1.04; 95%CI 1.00-1.08). For high dental anxiety, negative affect in women (OR = 2.00; 95%CI 1.31-3.06) and men (OR = 5.21; 95%CI 1.72-15.83) and for extraversion/surgency in women (OR = 1.50; 95%CI 1.01-1.47) associated positively with dental anxiety, but for effortful control, the association was not statistically significant. Dentists should understand that temperament dimensions affect the risk for dental anxiety more strongly than general anxiety or depressive symptoms. Dimensions negative affect and extraversion/surgency may increase and effortful control decrease the risk.
Topics: Female; Humans; Cohort Studies; Dental Anxiety; Parents; Temperament; Emotions
PubMed: 36302720
DOI: 10.1111/eos.12897 -
European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry Dec 2023The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relationship between sequential visits in dental caries treatments and dental anxiety levels of paediatric patients...
AIM
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relationship between sequential visits in dental caries treatments and dental anxiety levels of paediatric patients through the use of anxiety scales and physiological measurements.
METHODS
A total of 224 children aged 5-8 years who needed at least two bilateral restorative dental caries treatments of the mandibular first primary molar was included in the study. The treatment duration was approximately 20 minutes and time span between the two appointments was a maximum of two weeks. The Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale (WBFPS) and The Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) were used for subjective measurements and the objective measurement of dental anxiety was performed by measuring the heart rate using a portable pulse oximeter. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22 (IBM corp. Armonk, NY, USA).
RESULTS
Out of the 224 children, 117 were girls (mean age 6.4 ± 1.1 years) and 107 were boys (mean age 6.1 ± 1.2 years). The mean age of the patients was 6.26 ± 1.147 years, ranging from 5 to 8. There were no statistical significant differences between children’s age and genders with dental anxiety. However, there were statistical significant differences for the variables regarding the sequential visits. When comparing the MDAS scores statistically significant differences were observed between the first and second visits (p<0.001). Both preoperative and postoperative WBFPS scores were significantly higher at the first visit than at the second visit. Statistically significant differences were observed in the heart rate scores between the treatment sessions (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION
The results of this study show a significant reduction in dental anxiety after sequental dental visits in children aged 5-8 years, which highlights the importance of the sequental visits in paediatric dentistry.
Topics: Child; Humans; Dental Anxiety; Dental Caries; Pediatric Dentistry; Dental Care; Molar
PubMed: 37337965
DOI: 10.23804/ejpd.2023.1848 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Jul 2019Animal-assisted therapy aimed at improving individuals' mental or physical health has been widely reported. However, the data on how a therapy dog could help control...
Animal-assisted therapy aimed at improving individuals' mental or physical health has been widely reported. However, the data on how a therapy dog could help control anxiety during dental procedures is scarce. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of dog-assisted therapy on people with a history of dental anxiety while receiving preventive dental treatment. Twelve adults participated (women: n = 11 (91.7%) and men: n = 1 (8.3%), mean age = 31.25 years, D.E. = 5.78). The Corah Dental Anxiety Scale was applied, the patient's mood was assessed with a Likert scale before and after receiving the dental treatment, and their blood pressure was recorded for each of the three stages of treatment. A therapy dog accompanied the participants during the dental procedure. The main results indicated that a decrease in discomfort was perceived during the intervention, and there was also an improvement in the patient's evaluation of the experience. The results are based on the decrease in patients' blood pressure when taken in the middle of the dental treatment.
PubMed: 31370328
DOI: 10.3390/ani9080512 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Jun 2021Dental anxiety and fear are the frequently encountered entities among most of the patients. The present study was conducted to assess the relationship between dental...
BACKGROUND
Dental anxiety and fear are the frequently encountered entities among most of the patients. The present study was conducted to assess the relationship between dental anxiety and quality of life (QoL).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study comprised of 118 patients. Dental trait anxiety (dental anxiety scale [DAS] and short version of the dental anxiety inventory [S-DAI]), Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) score, and global assessment of functioning were recorded before and after treatment.
RESULTS
Out of 118 patients, males were 52 and females were 56. There was a correlation between both oral health ratings and DMFT ( < 0.001). OHIP-14 total score was significantly associated with both dental anxiety measures. DMFT shows significant association with dental anxiety and oral health-related QoL (OH-QoL) ( < 0.05). The mean DAS score before treatment was 17.3 and after treatment was 12.60, S-DAI score was 40.1 and 31.5 before and after treatment respectively, oral health status (patient rating) was 38.4 and 74.20 before and after treatment respectively, oral health status (dentist rating) was 38.7 and 73.1 before and after treatment respectively and aesthetics (dentist rating) was 35.6 and 72.4 before and after treatment respectively. There was improvement of OH-QoL with dental anxiety reduction which was significantly significant ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Authors found that there is correlation between dental anxiety and fear with the poor oral health-related oral hygiene.
PubMed: 34447109
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_742_20 -
International Journal of Environmental... Aug 2021Dental fear is a challenging problem in dentistry and many contributing factors have been identified. Although this problem among children and adolescents has been...
Dental fear is a challenging problem in dentistry and many contributing factors have been identified. Although this problem among children and adolescents has been studied in the literature for a long time, few such studies have been conducted in Lithuania. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of dental fear and examine its association with gender, age and several psychological and social factors among children and adolescents in Lithuania. The cross-sectional survey included a randomly selected sample ( = 1590) of children aged 11-14 and adolescents aged 15-18. The data were supplemented by interviewing the parents of these subjects ( = 1399). Dental fear was measured with a single five-score question. The data collection also included questions on oral health, socioeconomic status, oral health-related quality of life and self-esteem. Poisson regression analysis was used to assess the association between perception of dental fear and potential predictor variables. It was found that 32.2% (95% CI: 29.9-34.4%) of children and adolescents reported no fear of dental treatment, 12.5% (10.8-14.2%) of their peers were highly afraid of dental treatment, and other subjects assessed their dental fear gradually. Girls reported greater dental fear scores than boys, but the level of dental fear did not depend on the age. We identified the groups of subjects by gender and age, and a higher level of dental fear was significantly associated with untreated caries experience, a delay in the age of the subject's first visit to the dentist, low self-esteem, low oral health-related quality of life, low overall life satisfaction and low family affluence. The results also suggested that dental fear could originate from previous toothache, dentists' actions, high sensitivity in the child and poor psychological readiness for treatment. It was concluded that dental fear among Lithuanian children and adolescents is a common problem that is associated with gender and several dental, psychological and social factors. The findings indicate that school-based health policies, paediatric dentists and parents should be encouraged to focus on the psychosocial factors associated with dental fear because most of them can be prevented.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Anxiety; Dental Caries; Female; Humans; Lithuania; Male; Oral Health; Quality of Life; Schools; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34444632
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168883 -
BMC Oral Health Nov 2023The primary objective of this study was to validate an Urdu translation of Kleinknecht's Dental Fear Survey (DFS) for use in Pakistan and to explore which items...
OBJECTIVE
The primary objective of this study was to validate an Urdu translation of Kleinknecht's Dental Fear Survey (DFS) for use in Pakistan and to explore which items contribute the most to the variance in dental fear scores based on patient perceptions and lived experiences during dental care.
METHODOLOGY
This mixed-method study was conducted at Dow Dental Hospital from February 2022 to June 2022. For quantitative analysis, a total of 273 participants were enrolled through convenience sampling. After obtaining signed consent, participants were asked to self-report their dental fear. In-depth interviews with 25 patients displaying moderate to high dental fear were conducted to clarify the elements of dental fear scores through the lens of individual perceptions and experiences.
RESULTS
The prevalence of moderate dental fear was significantly higher among female participants than males. The mean dental fear score was higher among females (39.47 ± 14.23) as compared to males (30.83 ± 10.50). Most of the female participants reported an increase in breathing rate and heartbeat during dental treatment. The highest mean fear score was reported by participants who underwent oral surgical treatment (42.98 ± 14.21), followed by participants who received restorative care (36.20 ± 12.60). Approaching the dentist's office was the significant factor that contributed the most to the variance in dental fear scores. Four themes were generated through the content analysis of the interviews: physical reactions to dental procedures, perceptions and fears about surgical and restorative procedures, and gender and environmental factors in dental fear and interaction with dentists.
CONCLUSION
The Urdu translation of DFS is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing dental fears in Pakistan based on the findings of this study. Patients perceive surgical and restorative procedures as unpleasant and threatening. It was noted that "the heart beats faster" and "the breathing rate increases." were the top two physiological responses.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Dental Anxiety; Research Design; Dental Care; Heart Rate; Surgery, Oral
PubMed: 37981667
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03626-3 -
Community Dentistry and Oral... Jun 2020To test a theoretical mediation model and investigate whether drug use and/or dental anxiety act as mediating factors between depression and dental decay experience...
OBJECTIVE
To test a theoretical mediation model and investigate whether drug use and/or dental anxiety act as mediating factors between depression and dental decay experience among prisoners.
METHOD
A cross-sectional survey was conducted on a convenience sample of 300 prisoners across three prison establishments in Scotland. Depression and dental anxiety were measured using the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale and the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale, respectively. Drug use was assessed using three yes (scoring 1)/ no (scoring 0) questions: 'ever taken (illegal) drugs', 'injecting drugs' and 'ever participated in a rehabilitation programme'. Participants had an oral examination to determine dental caries experience (missing [MT] and untreated decay [D T]) in all four quadrants. Latent variable path analysis was conducted to test the mediation model.
RESULTS
A total of 342 prisoners participated, of which 298 yielded a complete data set. Depression was associated with missing teeth and untreated decay (D T) through an indirect pathway (Total standardized indirect effects = 0.11, P < .01) via drug use and dental anxiety (X [71] = 89.8, P = .07; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation: 0.03; Comparative Fit Index: 0.994 and Tucker-Lewis index: 0.992). Twenty-two percent of the variance in untreated decay and missing teeth was explained by both drug use and dental anxiety; however, the strongest predictor was drug use (total standardized direct effects = 0.45, P < .001).
CONCLUSION
A relatively simple model to assist understanding dental decay experience of people in prison has been proposed. The data collected were consistent with our specified model. Drug use acted as the primary mediator and dental anxiety as a secondary mediator between depression and dental decay experience. Given the co-morbidity between mental health and drug use and dental decay experience, an integrated or shared approach is proposed. We recommend that future research should concentrate on building a firmer picture by replicating and extending the framework presented.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Anxiety; Dental Caries; Depression; Humans; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Prisons; Scotland
PubMed: 32043284
DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12522