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BMC Oral Health May 2023Under dentistry's social contract with the public, dental professionals have a social responsibility to address the oral health needs of the population at large....
BACKGROUND
Under dentistry's social contract with the public, dental professionals have a social responsibility to address the oral health needs of the population at large. However, dental education places little emphasis on such moral commitments. By ascertaining dental students' stance regarding these notions, we may be able to inform changes in dental education. This paper thus explores dental students' comprehension of dentistry's social contract using the concepts of moral inclusion, moral community and empathy.
METHODS
A cross-sectional online survey collected information from undergraduate dental students at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto (N = 430). Moral inclusion was assessed through the breadth of students' moral community by computing a "moral inclusion score" (MIS) from Likert scale responses to statements that asked students about their duty of care for different population groups, wherein a higher MIS indicated a broader moral community and in turn greater moral inclusiveness. Empathy was assessed using Likert scale responses to statements that gauged the extent to which students understood the effect of social determinants on people's health. Association of the MIS with environmental, institutional and student-related factors was also investigated using non-parametric tests and linear regression.
RESULTS
The survey yielded a response rate of 51.4% (n = 221). Overall, students in this sample were morally inclusive and displayed empathy. Regression results showed that the MIS was most strongly associated with choosing a small town/rural area as a future practice location (β = 4.76, 95% CI: 0.52, 9.01) and viewing patients as consumers (β = -3.71, 95%CI: -7.13, -0.29).
CONCLUSION
Students in this sample made morally inclusive choices, which implied that they had a basic understanding of the obligations under dentistry's social contract. Improving knowledge and experience with regards to addressing the social and economic determinants of oral health and access to oral health care may positively influence students' perceptions of their professional duties under the social contract.
Topics: Humans; Students, Dental; Cross-Sectional Studies; Morals; Faculty; Dentistry
PubMed: 37165354
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02994-0 -
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... 2015The science of dental materials and restorative care in children and adolescent is constantly evolving, and the ongoing search for ideal restorative materials has led to... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The science of dental materials and restorative care in children and adolescent is constantly evolving, and the ongoing search for ideal restorative materials has led to plethora of research.
AIM
To provide an evidence base to assist dental practitioners choose appropriate restorative care for children and adolescents.
STUDY DESIGN
This evidence-based review appraises this literature, primarily between the years 1995-2013, for efficacy of dental amalgam, composites, glass ionomer cements, compomers, preformed metal crowns and anterior esthetic restorations. The assessment of evidence for each dental material was based on a strong evidence, evidence in favor, expert opinion, and evidence against by consensus of the authors.
RESULTS
There is varying level of evidence for the use of restorative materials like amalgam, composites, glass ionomers, resin-modified glass-ionomers, compomers, stainless steel crowns and anterior crowns for both primary and permanent teeth.
CONCLUSIONS
A substantial amount data is available on restorative materials used in pediatric dentistry; however, there exists substantial evidence from systematic reviews and randomized clinical trials and clinicians need to examine and understand the available literature evidence carefully to aid them in clinical decision making.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Crowns; Dental Materials; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Evidence-Based Dentistry; Humans
PubMed: 26161599
DOI: 10.17796/1053-4628-39.4.303 -
Dental Materials Journal Apr 2022To compare full and partial coverage crowns made with different CAD/CAM leucite reinforced ceramic blocks on fracture resistance and fractographic analysis. Full...
To compare full and partial coverage crowns made with different CAD/CAM leucite reinforced ceramic blocks on fracture resistance and fractographic analysis. Full coverage and partial coverage crowns with finish line at 2 mm and 4 mm above the gingiva for molars made with IPS Empress CAD and Rosetta BM. After fatigue process, the fracture test and fractographic analysis were conducted. Although the fracture resistance of IPS Empress crowns did not show any statistical differences regardless of the design, both the partial coverage crowns fabricated using Rosetta BM showed significantly higher load at break and peak load than the full coverage crown. The crowns made with IPS Empress showed significantly higher fracture resistance than that made with Rosetta BM, regardless of the restorative design. The fracture resistance and fractographic analysis of CAD/CAM leucite reinforced full and partial coverage crowns were influenced by the restorative design of and material type.
Topics: Aluminum Silicates; Ceramics; Computer-Aided Design; Crowns; Dental Porcelain; Dental Prosthesis Design; Dental Restoration Failure; Dental Stress Analysis; Materials Testing
PubMed: 35095042
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2021-253 -
Brazilian Dental Journal 2019This study analyzes the characteristics of the top-100 most cited articles published in international dental journals with at least one coauthor affiliated to Brazil. A... (Review)
Review
This study analyzes the characteristics of the top-100 most cited articles published in international dental journals with at least one coauthor affiliated to Brazil. A search in Scopus database for articles published between 1996 and 2017 was carried out in the 178 journals belonging to the category "Dentistry" identified in SCImago Journals & Country Rank. From the top-100 most cited articles, variables related to the journal, article, and authors were collected. Annual citation averages (ACA) and relative citation ratios (RCR) were calculated. Data were analyzed descriptively. There were 75 original reports and 25 reviews in the sample. The number of citations ranged between 124 and 657 (mean=202, median=168). The papers were published in 31 different journals (46% in only four journals), none based in Brazil. The most frequent subjects (61%) were Dental Materials, Endodontics, and Periodontology, which accounted for 63.6% of the total citations. The subject with the highest ACA was Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and the subject with the highest RCR was Oral Radiology. Only 12 articles were cited more than 300 times. International collaboration was present in 61 articles and funding was reported in 49 articles. The first author was from Brazil in 70% and corresponding author in 55% of the papers. Southeast (83%) and South (20%) were the regions of Brazil with most presence of coauthors. This top-100 list is presented to provide an overview of the most cited articles and aid in supporting further analyses regarding publication and citation behaviors of Brazilian dentistry.
Topics: Brazil; Dentistry; Endodontics; Journal Impact Factor; Surgery, Oral
PubMed: 30970066
DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201902529 -
Dental Materials Journal Jan 2020Optical technology has provided a paradigm shift in implant dentistry. However, there is little information about the use of optical technology in implant dentistry,... (Review)
Review
Optical technology has provided a paradigm shift in implant dentistry. However, there is little information about the use of optical technology in implant dentistry, since this technology is relatively new and has been evolving under the current conditions. In the present narrative literature review, the effects of intraoral scanners (IOSs) use on accuracy and the operating time, as well as safety and patient perception, in implant dentistry were evaluated from the clinical perspective. The accuracy of digital scans with IOSs was comparable to the conventional impression techniques for single or partial prostheses, and the digital scans with IOSs are time efficient when taking impressions for single- or double-abutments. However, the accuracy and time efficiency are decreased for multiple implant scans or large-area scans with IOSs use. Patient satisfaction with and preference for IOSs scans are generally superior to those with conventional impression procedures.
Topics: Computer-Aided Design; Dental Implants; Dental Impression Technique; Dentistry; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Models, Dental
PubMed: 31723067
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-285 -
Brazilian Oral Research Aug 2017Contemporary dentistry literally cannot be performed without use of resin-based restorative materials. With the success of bonding resin materials to tooth structures,... (Review)
Review
Contemporary dentistry literally cannot be performed without use of resin-based restorative materials. With the success of bonding resin materials to tooth structures, an even wider scope of clinical applications has arisen for these lines of products. Understanding of the basic events occurring in any dental polymerization mechanism, regardless of the mode of activating the process, will allow clinicians to both better appreciate the tremendous improvements that have been made over the years, and will also provide valuable information on differences among strategies manufacturers use to optimize product performance, as well as factors under the control of the clinician, whereby they can influence the long-term outcome of their restorative procedures.
Topics: Absorption, Radiation; Curing Lights, Dental; Dental Cements; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives; Photoinitiators, Dental; Polymerization; Radiation Dosage; Temperature; Time Factors
PubMed: 28902241
DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107BOR-2017.vol31.0061 -
Journal of the American Dental... Mar 2019Specialty-based practice is a fundamental component of US medicine and dentistry, yet the recognition of new dental specialties has markedly diminished in the past 50... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Specialty-based practice is a fundamental component of US medicine and dentistry, yet the recognition of new dental specialties has markedly diminished in the past 50 years while medical specialization has flourished.
METHODS
This article reviews the history of specialty development while focusing on the underlying scientific, educational, and cultural changes in both professions. The process of dental specialty recognition is also examined.
RESULTS
The current dental specialty recognition process provides a set of criteria aspiring specialties need to fulfill at the time of application, yet the relationship between the criteria and the sequence for attaining them is undefined. Scientific development and evidence-based practice have grown to become the cornerstone of contemporary health care specialization.
CONCLUSIONS
A new paradigm for specialty and subspecialty development in dentistry is needed. A model is presented herein that recognizes scientific development as the basis for specialization and describes a formal, sequenced process for the development of emerging specialties and subspecialties.
PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS
This new paradigm for dental specialty recognition builds on the current criteria for specialization while encouraging cross-disciplinary interaction and nurturing the development of emerging specialties and subspecialties in dentistry. Doing so will allow dentistry to maintain its lead role in the maintenance of oral health and oral disease treatment in the US population.
Topics: Dentistry; Hospitals; Medicine; Specialization; Specialties, Dental; United States
PubMed: 30803491
DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2019.01.023 -
BMC Oral Health Jul 2020Chairside systems are becoming more popular for fabricating full-ceramic single restorations, but there is very little knowledge about the effect of the entire workflow...
BACKGROUND
Chairside systems are becoming more popular for fabricating full-ceramic single restorations, but there is very little knowledge about the effect of the entire workflow process on restoration fit. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the absolute marginal discrepancy (AMD) and the full internal fit (FULL) of all-ceramic crowns made by two chairside systems, Planmeca FIT and CEREC, with detailed and standard mill settings.
METHODS
One upper molar was prepared for an all-ceramic crown in human cadaver maxilla. Full-arch scans were made by Emerald or Omnicam four times each. Twenty-four e.max crowns were designed and milled by the Planmill 30s or 40s or CEREC MCXL mills with either detailed or standard settings. The cadaver tooth was extracted, and each crown was fixed on it and scanned by a high-resolution microCT scanner. The AMD and FULL were measured digitally in mesio-distal and bucco-lingual 2D slices. The actual and predicted times of the milling were also registered.
RESULTS
No differences were observed between detailed or standard settings in either system. The AMD was significantly higher with CEREC (132 ± 12 μm) than with either Planmill 30s (71 ± 6.9 μm) or 40s (78 ± 7.7 μm). In standard mode, the FULL was significantly higher with CEREC (224 ± 9.6 μm) than with either Planmill 30s (169 ± 8.1 μm) or 40s (178 ± 8.5 μm). There was no difference between actual and predicted time with the two Planmeca models, but with CEREC, the actual time was significantly higher than the predicted time. The 30s had significantly higher actual and predicted times compared to all other models. Across all models, the average milling time was 7.2 min less in standard mode than in detailed mode.
CONCLUSIONS
All fit parameters were in an acceptable range. No differences in fit between Planmeca models suggest no effect of spindle number on accuracy. The detailed setting has no improvement in the marginal or internal fit of the restoration, yet it increases milling time.
Topics: Cadaver; Ceramics; Computer-Aided Design; Crowns; Dental Impression Technique; Dental Marginal Adaptation; Dental Prosthesis Design; Humans
PubMed: 32631333
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01181-9 -
American Family Physician Nov 2021Medical consultations before dental procedures present opportunities to integrate cross-disciplinary preventive care and improve patient health. This article presents...
Medical consultations before dental procedures present opportunities to integrate cross-disciplinary preventive care and improve patient health. This article presents recommendations related to patients with certain medical conditions who are planning to undergo common dental procedures, such as cleanings, extractions, restorations, endodontic procedures, abscess drainage, and mucosal biopsies. Specifically, prophylactic antibiotics are not recommended for preventing prosthetic joint infections or infectious endocarditis except in certain circumstances. Anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapies typically should not be suspended for common dental treatments. Elective dental care should be avoided for six weeks after myocardial infarction or bare-metal stent placement or for six months after drug-eluting stent placement. It is important that any history of antiresorptive or antiangiogenic therapies be communicated to the dentist. Ascites is not an indication for initiating prophylactic antibiotics before dental treatment, and acetaminophen is the analgesic of choice for patients with liver dysfunction or cirrhosis who abstain from alcohol. Nephrotoxic medications should be avoided in patients with chronic kidney disease, and the consultation should include the patient's glomerular filtration rate. Although patients undergoing chemotherapy may receive routine dental care, it should be postponed when possible in those currently undergoing head and neck radiation therapy. A detailed history of head and neck radiation therapy should be provided to the dentist. Multimodal, nonnarcotic analgesia is recommended for managing acute dental pain.
Topics: Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Contraindications; Dentistry; Humans; Oral Surgical Procedures; Patient Care Planning; Physical Examination; Preventive Health Services; Surgical Clearance
PubMed: 34783493
DOI: No ID Found -
The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical... Apr 2018
Topics: Anniversaries and Special Events; Dental Research; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; School Dentistry; Taiwan; Universities
PubMed: 29655405
DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2018.02.001