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The Tokai Journal of Experimental and... Dec 2022Physicians occasionally come across with patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) bringing about distress, due to tumor growth, invasion to the skin, bleeding...
Physicians occasionally come across with patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) bringing about distress, due to tumor growth, invasion to the skin, bleeding or an ill smell. Physicians often experience much difficulty in selecting and administering therapeutic option. The clinical courses of patient who had been treated with total resection of LABC and an attachment of artificial dermis (TERUDERMIS) were mentioned. Elimination of the symptoms derived from the tumors could be successfully accomplished for all of the patients. Except for one patients who initially had bone metastasis and died 13 months after operation, the other patients have been alive under preferable condition without any signs for tumor recurrence. The surgical resection and an attachment of artificial dermis is quite reliable and helpful for both patients and physicians in palliating symptoms and reducing care for infections and hemorrhage due to LABC.
Topics: Humans; Female; Breast Neoplasms; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Dermis
PubMed: 36420547
DOI: No ID Found -
Skin Pharmacology and Physiology 2020The dermal papilla comprises mesenchymal cells in hair follicles, which play the main role in regulating hair growth. Maintaining the potential hair inductivity of... (Review)
Review
The dermal papilla comprises mesenchymal cells in hair follicles, which play the main role in regulating hair growth. Maintaining the potential hair inductivity of dermal papilla cells (DPCs) and dermal sheath cells during cell culture is the main factor in in vitro morphogenesis and regeneration of hair follicles. Using common methods for the cultivation of human dermal papilla reduces the maintenance requirements of the inductive capacity of the dermal papilla and the expression of specific dermal papilla biomarkers. Optimizing culture conditions is therefore crucial for DPCs. Moreover, exosomes appear to play a key role in regulating the hair follicle growth through a paracrine mechanism and provide a functional method for treating hair loss. The present review investigated the biology of DPCs, the molecular and cell signaling mechanisms contributing to hair follicle growth in humans, the properties of the dermal papilla, and the effective techniques in maintaining hair inductivity in DPC cultures in humans as well as hair follicle bioengineering.
Topics: Cell Culture Techniques; Dermis; Hair; Hair Follicle; Humans; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Regeneration
PubMed: 33053562
DOI: 10.1159/000510152 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2020Deep dermal defects can result from burns, necrotizing fasciitis and severe soft tissue trauma. Physiological scar restriction during wound healing becomes increasingly... (Review)
Review
Deep dermal defects can result from burns, necrotizing fasciitis and severe soft tissue trauma. Physiological scar restriction during wound healing becomes increasingly relevant in proportion to the affected area. This massively restricts the general mobility of patients. External mechanical influences (activity or immobilization in everyday life) can lead to the formation of marked scar strands and adhesions. Overloading results in a renewed inflammatory reaction and thus in further restriction. Appropriate mechanical stimuli can have a positive influence on the scar tissue. "Use determines function," and even minimal external forces are sufficient to cause functional alignment (mechanotransduction). The first and second remarkable increases in connective tissue resistance (R1 and R2) seem to be relevant clinical indications of adequate dosage in the proliferation and remodulation phase, making it possible to counteract potential overdosage in deep dermal defects. The current state of research does not allow a direct transfer to the clinical treatment of large scars. However, the continuous clinical implementation of study results with regard to the mechanosensitivity of isolated fibroblasts, and the constant adaptation of manual techniques, has nevertheless created an evidence-base for manual scar therapy. The manual dosages are adapted to tissue physiology and to respective wound healing phases. Clinical observations show improved mobility of the affected regions and fewer relapses into the inflammatory phase due to mechanical overload.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Burns; Cicatrix; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic; Connective Tissue; Dermis; Disease Management; Fibroblasts; Humans; Mechanotransduction, Cellular; Musculoskeletal Manipulations; Wound Healing
PubMed: 32192136
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062055 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Sep 2021We describe an objective method to measure the volume of a dermis-fat graft (DFG) implant for socket reconstruction. We reviewed the charts of 10 patients undergoing...
We describe an objective method to measure the volume of a dermis-fat graft (DFG) implant for socket reconstruction. We reviewed the charts of 10 patients undergoing dermis fat grafting as a primary or secondary implant for anophthalmic socket reconstruction between January 2018 and December 2019. The amount of the DFG required to replace the volume of an appropriate spherical implant for the operated eye was predetermined. The volume of the DFG implant was measured by the water displacement method as per the Archimedes principle. Patient demographics, complications, and the outcome were analyzed regarding cosmesis and volume replacement. All patients were satisfied with the final cosmesis. Follow-up ranged from 6 to 18 months (mean 10.7 months). Thus, we concluded that the water displacement method is a simple and easy procedure to objectively determine the amount of the autologous DFG needed to replace the volume in an anophthalmic socket.
Topics: Anophthalmos; Dermis; Eye, Artificial; Humans; Orbit; Orbital Implants
PubMed: 34427258
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_130_21 -
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental... Dec 2021Inter-species differences in toxicodynamics are often a critical source of uncertainty in safety evaluations and typically dealt with using default adjustment factors....
Inter-species differences in toxicodynamics are often a critical source of uncertainty in safety evaluations and typically dealt with using default adjustment factors. studies that use cells from different species demonstrated some success for estimating the relationships between life span and/or body weight and sensitivity to cytotoxicity; however, no apparent investigation evaluated the utility of these models for risk assessment. It was hypothesized that an model using dermal fibroblasts derived from diverse species and individuals might be utilized to inform the extent of inter-species and inter-individual variability in toxicodynamics. To test this hypothesis and characterize both inter-species and inter-individual variability in cytotoxicity, concentration-response cytotoxicity screening of 40 chemicals in primary dermal fibroblasts from 68 individuals of 54 diverse species was conducted. Chemicals examined included drugs, environmental pollutants, and food/flavor/fragrance agents; most of these were previously assessed either or for inter-species or inter-individual variation. Species included humans, the typical preclinical species and representatives from other orders of mammals and birds. Data demonstrated that both inter-species and inter-individual components of variability contribute to the observed differences in sensitivity to cell death. Further, it was found that the magnitude of the observed inter-species and inter-individual differences was chemical-dependent. This study contributes to the paradigm shift in risk assessment from reliance on toxicity testing to higher-throughput or alternative approaches, extending the strategy to replace use of default adjustment factors with experimental characterization of toxicodynamic inter-individual variability and to also address toxicodynamic inter-species variability.
Topics: Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Dermis; Fibroblasts; Humans; Kinetics; Models, Biological; Reproducibility of Results; Risk Assessment; Species Specificity; Toxicity Tests
PubMed: 34427174
DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1966861 -
Cell Stem Cell Apr 2019Tissue-resident immune cells with potent sensing and effector functions are well-placed to fundamentally aid tissue homeostasis via crosstalk with stem cells. In this...
Tissue-resident immune cells with potent sensing and effector functions are well-placed to fundamentally aid tissue homeostasis via crosstalk with stem cells. In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Wang et al. (2019) identify a dermis-resident TREM2+ macrophage subpopulation that promotes hair follicle stem cell quiescence via cytokine-mediated JAK-STAT signaling.
Topics: Dermis; Hair Follicle; Macrophages; Oncostatin M; Stem Cells
PubMed: 30951655
DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.03.014 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2021Microphysiological organ-on-chip models offer the potential to improve the prediction of drug safety and efficacy through recapitulation of human physiological...
Microphysiological organ-on-chip models offer the potential to improve the prediction of drug safety and efficacy through recapitulation of human physiological responses. The importance of including multiple cell types within tissue models has been well documented. However, the study of cell interactions in vitro can be limited by complexity of the tissue model and throughput of current culture systems. Here, we describe the development of a co-culture microvascular model and relevant assays in a high-throughput thermoplastic organ-on-chip platform, PREDICT96. The system consists of 96 arrayed bilayer microfluidic devices containing retinal microvascular endothelial cells and pericytes cultured on opposing sides of a microporous membrane. Compatibility of the PREDICT96 platform with a variety of quantifiable and scalable assays, including macromolecular permeability, image-based screening, Luminex, and qPCR, is demonstrated. In addition, the bilayer design of the devices allows for channel- or cell type-specific readouts, such as cytokine profiles and gene expression. The microvascular model was responsive to perturbations including barrier disruption, inflammatory stimulation, and fluid shear stress, and our results corroborated the improved robustness of co-culture over endothelial mono-cultures. We anticipate the PREDICT96 platform and adapted assays will be suitable for other complex tissues, including applications to disease models and drug discovery.
Topics: Cell Communication; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cells, Cultured; Coculture Techniques; Dermis; Endothelium, Vascular; Humans; Microfluidic Analytical Techniques; Pericytes; Retina
PubMed: 34108507
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90833-z -
Cell Nov 2018Mechanisms underlying aging of the skin dermis are poorly understood. Now, two studies (Marsh et al., 2018; Salzer et al., 2018) describe complementary approaches to...
Mechanisms underlying aging of the skin dermis are poorly understood. Now, two studies (Marsh et al., 2018; Salzer et al., 2018) describe complementary approaches to this question: Salzer et al. show that aging dermal fibroblasts lose defined identity in a diet-influenced fashion, and Marsh et al. reveal that fibroblast loss over time is compensated by membrane expansion rather than proliferation, resulting in decreased cellular density.
Topics: Dermis; Diet; Fibroblasts; Homeostasis; Skin; Skin Aging
PubMed: 30500532
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.11.016 -
Molecular Systems Biology Aug 2018Murine dermis contains functionally and spatially distinct fibroblast lineages that cease to proliferate in early postnatal life. Here, we propose a model in which a...
Murine dermis contains functionally and spatially distinct fibroblast lineages that cease to proliferate in early postnatal life. Here, we propose a model in which a negative feedback loop between extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and fibroblast proliferation determines dermal architecture. Virtual-tissue simulations of our model faithfully recapitulate dermal maturation, predicting a loss of spatial segregation of fibroblast lineages and dictating that fibroblast migration is only required for wound healing. To test this, we performed live imaging of dermal fibroblasts, which revealed that homeostatic tissue architecture is achieved without active cell migration. In contrast, both fibroblast proliferation and migration are key determinants of tissue repair following wounding. The results show that tissue-scale coordination is driven by the interdependence of cell proliferation and ECM deposition, paving the way for identifying new therapeutic strategies to enhance skin regeneration.
Topics: Animals; Cell Lineage; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Dermis; Extracellular Matrix; Fibroblasts; Humans; Mice; Skin; Wound Healing
PubMed: 30158243
DOI: 10.15252/msb.20178174 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2021The skin barrier is provided by the organized multi-layer structure of epidermal cells, which is dynamically maintained by a continuous supply of cells from the basal...
The skin barrier is provided by the organized multi-layer structure of epidermal cells, which is dynamically maintained by a continuous supply of cells from the basal layer. The epidermal homeostasis can be disrupted by various skin diseases, which often cause morphological changes not only in the epidermis but in the dermis. We present a three-dimensional agent-based computational model of the epidermis that takes into account the deformability of the dermis. Our model can produce a stable epidermal structure with well-organized layers. We show that its stability depends on the cell supply rate from the basal layer. Modeling the morphological change of the dermis also enables us to investigate how the stiffness of the dermis affects the structure and barrier functions of the epidermis. Besides, we show that our model can simulate the formation of a corn (clavus) by assuming hyperproliferation and rapid differentiation. We also provide experimental data for human corn, which supports the model assumptions and the simulation result.
Topics: Computer Simulation; Dermis; Epidermis; Homeostasis; Humans; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 34168195
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92540-1