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Acta Biochimica Polonica 2015Phosphotransacetylase activity and the kinetic properties of the enzyme from intestinal sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio piger and Desulfomicrobium sp. has never...
Phosphotransacetylase activity and the kinetic properties of the enzyme from intestinal sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio piger and Desulfomicrobium sp. has never been well-characterized and has not been studied yet. In this paper, the specific activity of phosphotransacetylase and the kinetic properties of the enzyme in cell-free extracts of both D. piger Vib-7 and Desulfomicrobium sp. Rod-9 intestinal bacterial strains were presented at the first time. The microbiological, biochemical, biophysical and statistical methods in this work were used. The optimal temperature and pH for enzyme reaction was determined. Analysis of the kinetic properties of the studied enzyme was carried out. Initial (instantaneous) reaction velocity (V0), maximum amount of the product of reaction (Pmax), the reaction time (half saturation period, τ) and maximum velocity of the phosphotransacetylase reaction (Vmax) were defined. Michaelis constants (Km) of the enzyme reaction (3.36 ± 0.35 mM for D. piger Vib-7, 5.97 ± 0.62 mM for Desulfomicrobium sp. Rod-9) were calculated. The studies of the phosphotransacetylase in the process of dissimilatory sulfate reduction and kinetic properties of this enzyme in intestinal sulfate-reducing bacteria, their production of acetate in detail can be perspective for clarification of their etiological role in the development of the humans and animals bowel diseases. These studies might help in predicting the development of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, by providing further details on the etiology of bowel diseases which are very important for the clinical diagnosis of these disease types.
Topics: Bacteria; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Intestines; Kinetics; Oxidation-Reduction; Phosphate Acetyltransferase; Sulfates; Temperature
PubMed: 25781158
DOI: 10.18388/abp.2014_845 -
NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes Apr 2022The gut microbes play important roles in human longevity and the gut microbiota profile of centenarians shows some unique features from young adults. Nowadays, most...
The gut microbes play important roles in human longevity and the gut microbiota profile of centenarians shows some unique features from young adults. Nowadays, most microbial studies on longevity are commonly based on metagenomic sequencing which may lose information about the functional microbes with extremely low abundance. Here, we combined in-depth metagenomic sequencing and large-scale culturomics to reveal the unique gut microbial structure of a Chinese longevity population, and to explore the possible relationship between intestinal microbes and longevity. Twenty-five healthy Hainan natives were enrolled in the study, including 12 centenarians and 13 senior neighbors. An average of 51.1 Gb raw sequencing data were obtained from individual fecal sample. We assembled 1778 non-redundant metagenomic assembled genomes (MAGs), 33.46% of which cannot be classified into known species. Comparison with the ordinary people in Hainan province, the longevous cohort displayed significantly decreased abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria and largely increased proportion of Escherichia coli, Desulfovibrio piger and Methanobrevibacter smithii. These species showed a constant change with aging. We also isolated 8,030 strains from these samples by large-scale culturomics, most of which belonged to 203 known species as identified by MALDI-TOF. Surprisingly, only 42.17% of the isolated species were also detected by metagenomics, indicating obvious complementarity between these two approaches. Combination of two complement methods, in-depth metagenomic sequencing and culturomics, provides deeper insights into the longevity-related gut microbiota. The uniquely enriched gut microbes in Hainan extreme decades population may help to promote health and longevity.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Bacteria; Centenarians; China; Health Promotion; Humans; Longevity; Metagenomics; Microbiota; Young Adult
PubMed: 35440640
DOI: 10.1038/s41522-022-00282-3 -
Nutrients Jan 2019Oral glucosamine sulfate (GS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS), while widely marketed as joint-protective supplements, have limited intestinal absorption and are...
Oral glucosamine sulfate (GS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS), while widely marketed as joint-protective supplements, have limited intestinal absorption and are predominantly utilized by gut microbiota. Hence the effects of these supplements on the gut microbiome are of great interest, and may clarify their mode of action, or explain heterogeneity in therapeutic responses. We conducted a systematic review of animal and human studies reporting the effects of GS or CS on gut microbial composition. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus databases for journal articles in English from database inception until July 2018, using search terms microbiome, microflora, intestinal microbiota/flora, gut microbiota/flora and glucosamine or chondroitin. Eight original articles reported the effects of GS or CS on microbiome composition in adult humans (four articles) or animals (four articles). Studies varied significantly in design, supplementation protocols, and microbiome assessment methods. There was moderate-quality evidence for an association between CS exposure and increased abundance of genus in the murine and human gut, and low-quality evidence for an association between CS exposure and an increase in species, an increase in family, and a decrease in . We discuss the possible metabolic implications of these changes for the host. For GS, evidence of effects on gut microbiome was limited to one low-quality study. This review highlights the importance of considering the potential influence of oral CS supplements on gut microbiota when evaluating their effects and safety for the host.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Chondroitin Sulfates; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Glucosamine; Humans
PubMed: 30704054
DOI: 10.3390/nu11020294 -
BMC Bioinformatics Sep 2016The explosive growth of microbiome research has yielded great quantities of data. These data provide us with many answers, but raise just as many questions. 16S rDNA-the...
BACKGROUND
The explosive growth of microbiome research has yielded great quantities of data. These data provide us with many answers, but raise just as many questions. 16S rDNA-the backbone of microbiome analyses-allows us to assess α-diversity, β-diversity, and microbe-microbe associations, which characterize the overall properties of an ecosystem. However, we are still unable to use 16S rDNA data to directly assess the microbe-microbe and microbe-environment interactions that determine the broader ecology of that system. Thus, properties such as competition, cooperation, and nutrient conditions remain insufficiently analyzed. Here, we apply predictive community metabolic models of microbes identified with 16S rDNA data to probe the ecology of microbial communities.
RESULTS
We developed a methodology for the large-scale assessment of microbial metabolic interactions (MMinte) from 16S rDNA data. MMinte assesses the relative growth rates of interacting pairs of organisms within a community metabolic network and whether that interaction has a positive or negative effect. Moreover, MMinte's simulations take into account the nutritional environment, which plays a strong role in determining the metabolism of individual microbes. We present two case studies that demonstrate the utility of this software. In the first, we show how diet influences the nature of the microbe-microbe interactions. In the second, we use MMinte's modular feature set to better understand how the growth of Desulfovibrio piger is affected by, and affects the growth of, other members in a simplified gut community under metabolic conditions suggested to be determinant for their dynamics.
CONCLUSION
By applying metabolic models to commonly available sequence data, MMinte grants the user insight into the metabolic relationships between microbes, highlighting important features that may relate to ecological stability, susceptibility, and cross-feeding. These relationships are at the foundation of a wide range of ecological questions that impact our ability to understand problems such as microbially-derived toxicity in colon cancer.
Topics: Bacteria; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolism; Microbiota; Models, Biological; Software; Species Specificity
PubMed: 27590448
DOI: 10.1186/s12859-016-1230-3