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Australian Dental Journal Jun 2018To evaluate the effect of distilled water, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), phosphoric acid and maleic acid on Biodentine regarding surface topography,...
BACKGROUND
To evaluate the effect of distilled water, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), phosphoric acid and maleic acid on Biodentine regarding surface topography, microhardness and push-out bond strength (POBS).
METHODS
Fifty-two cylindrical shaped Biodentine specimens were divided into groups: control (distilled water); EDTA (17% EDTA); PA (37% phosphoric acid); and MA (7% maleic acid). Surfaces were evaluated by topographic analysis and Vickers microhardness test. Topographic changes were evaluated qualitatively and microhardness was statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. Forty mandibular molars were used to simulate clinical conditions. The crowns were removed and a perforation was created at the furcal floor. The Biodentine was packed into the root perforations and the roots were divided into four groups (DW, EDTA, PA, MA). Samples were stored and subjected to interfacial analysis. POBS data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests.
RESULTS
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, MA and PA changed the morphology of the Biodentine surface. PA showed microhardness similar to distilled water (P > 0.05), while MA and EDTA demonstrated reduced values when compared with PA (P < 0.05). PA improved the POBS of Biodentine in comparison with the control.
CONCLUSIONS
Changes in the topography, microhardness and POBS of Biodentine are associated with irrigant agent used.
Topics: Calcium Compounds; Chelating Agents; Crowns; Dental Stress Analysis; Dentin; Edetic Acid; Hardness; Humans; Maleates; Materials Testing; Phosphoric Acids; Silicates
PubMed: 29573422
DOI: 10.1111/adj.12609 -
Drug Discovery Today Apr 2015Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) participate in pathological tissue damage. Mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD)... (Review)
Review
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) participate in pathological tissue damage. Mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) normally keeps ROS and RNS in check. During development of mangafodipir (MnDPDP) as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent, it was discovered that MnDPDP and its metabolite manganese pyridoxyl ethyldiamine (MnPLED) possessed SOD mimetic activity. MnDPDP has been tested as a chemotherapy adjunct in cancer patients and as an adjunct to percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with myocardial infarctions, with promising results. Whereas MRI contrast depends on release of Mn(2+), the SOD mimetic activity depends on Mn(2+) that remains bound to DPDP or PLED. Calmangafodipir [Ca4Mn(DPDP)5] is stabilized with respect to Mn(2+) and has superior therapeutic activity. Ca4Mn(DPDP)5 is presently being explored as a chemotherapy adjunct in a clinical multicenter Phase II study in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Antioxidants; Biological Mimicry; Colorectal Neoplasms; Edetic Acid; Ethylenediamines; Humans; Manganese; Molecular Structure; Myocardial Infarction; Oxidative Stress; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Reactive Oxygen Species; Structure-Activity Relationship; Superoxide Dismutase; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 25463039
DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2014.11.008 -
Journal of Immunology Research 2022The leading cause of mortality in patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) is thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection. Notch signaling is essential for vessel morphogenesis...
BACKGROUND
The leading cause of mortality in patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) is thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection. Notch signaling is essential for vessel morphogenesis and function. However, the role of Notch signaling in aortic pathology and aortic smooth muscle cell (SMC) differentiation in Marfan syndrome (MFS) is not completely understood.
METHODS
RNA-sequencing on ascending aortic tissue from a mouse model of MFS, , and wild-type controls was performed. Notch 3 expression and activation in aortic tissue were confirmed with real-time RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. and wild-type mice were treated with a -secretase inhibitor, DAPT, to block Notch activation. Aortic aneurysms and rupture were evaluated with connective tissue staining, ultrasound, and life table analysis.
RESULTS
The murine RNA-sequencing data were validated with mouse and human MFS aortic tissue, demonstrating elevated Notch3 activation in MFS. Data further revealed that upregulation and activation of Notch3 were concomitant with increased expression of SMC contractile markers. Inhibiting Notch3 activation with DAPT attenuated aortic enlargement and improved survival of mice. DAPT treatment reduced elastin fiber fragmentation in the aorta and reversed the differentiation of SMCs.
CONCLUSIONS
Our data demonstrated that matrix abnormalities in the aorta of MFS are associated with increased Notch3 activation. Enhanced Notch3 activation in MFS contributed to aortic aneurysm formation in MFS. This might be mediated by inducing a contractile phenotypic change of SMC. Our results suggest that inhibiting Notch3 activation may provide a strategy to prevent and treat aortic aneurysms in MFS.
Topics: Animals; Aorta; Aortic Aneurysm; Diamines; Disease Models, Animal; Elastin; Fibrillin-1; Humans; Marfan Syndrome; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Mutant Strains; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; Receptor, Notch3; Thiazoles
PubMed: 35211631
DOI: 10.1155/2022/7538649 -
Plant Physiology Mar 2022Growth promotion induced by the endosymbiont Piriformospora indica has been observed in various plants; however, except growth phytohormones, specific functional...
Growth promotion induced by the endosymbiont Piriformospora indica has been observed in various plants; however, except growth phytohormones, specific functional metabolites involved in P. indica-mediated growth promotion are unknown. Here, we used a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolite analysis to identify tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) metabolites whose levels were altered during P. indica-mediated growth promotion. Metabolomic multivariate analysis revealed several primary metabolites with altered levels, with putrescine (Put) induced most significantly in roots during the interaction. Further, our results indicated that P. indica modulates the arginine decarboxylase (ADC)-mediated Put biosynthesis pathway via induction of SlADC1 in tomato. Piriformospora indica did not promote growth in Sladc1-(virus-induced gene silencing of SlADC1) lines of tomato and showed less colonization. Furthermore, using LC-MS/MS we showed that Put promoted growth by elevation of auxin (indole-3-acetic acid) and gibberellin (GA4 and GA7) levels in tomato. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) adc knockout mutants, P. indica colonization also decreased and showed no plant growth promotion, and this response was rescued upon exogenous application of Put. Put is also important for hyphal growth of P. indica, indicating that it is co-adapted by both host and microbe. Taken together, we conclude that Put is an essential metabolite and its biosynthesis in plants is crucial for P. indica-mediated plant growth promotion and fungal growth.
Topics: Basidiomycota; Chromatography, Liquid; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Plant Roots; Putrescine; Tandem Mass Spectrometry
PubMed: 34791442
DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab536 -
Scientific Reports Jan 2021Phylogenetic analysis has demonstrated that the etiologic agent of the 2020 pandemic outbreak is a betacoronavirus named SARS-CoV-2. For public health interventions, a...
Phylogenetic analysis has demonstrated that the etiologic agent of the 2020 pandemic outbreak is a betacoronavirus named SARS-CoV-2. For public health interventions, a diagnostic test with high sensitivity and specificity is required. The gold standard protocol for diagnosis by the Word Health Organization (WHO) is RT-PCR. To detect low viral loads and perform large-scale screening, a low-cost diagnostic test is necessary. Here, we developed a cost-effective test capable of detecting SARS-CoV-2. We validated an auxiliary protocol for molecular diagnosis with the SYBR Green RT-PCR methodology to successfully screen negative cases of SARS-CoV-2. Our results revealed a set of primers with high specificity and no homology with other viruses from the Coronovideae family or human respiratory tract pathogenic viruses, presenting with complementarity only for rhinoviruses/enteroviruses and Legionella spp. Optimization of the annealing temperature and polymerization time led to a high specificity in the PCR products. We have developed a more affordable and swift methodology for negative SARS-CoV-2 screening. This methodology can be applied on a large scale to soften panic and economic burden through guidance for isolation strategies.
Topics: Benzothiazoles; COVID-19; COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing; DNA, Single-Stranded; Diamines; Enterovirus; Genome, Viral; Humans; Organic Chemicals; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Quinolines; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rhinovirus; SARS-CoV-2; Sensitivity and Specificity; Temperature; Viral Load
PubMed: 33500453
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81245-0 -
Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Feb 2021The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of an EDTA-based method for measuring cat blood bioamines.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of an EDTA-based method for measuring cat blood bioamines.
METHODS
Test 1 involved collecting blood samples from seven university laboratory cats. The samples were transferred to EDTA, heparin and plain tubes to determine concentrations of four bioamines (serotonin, dopamine, epinephrine [adrenaline] and norepinephrine [noradrenaline]). Correlation of measurements performed on EDTA plasma, with those performed on heparinized plasma or serum were assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). In test 2, blood samples from five owned cats were collected and stored in EDTA tubes and divided between duplicate Eppendorf tubes labeled as different cats for blinding purposes and analyzed independently for the same four bioamines as in test 1. Reliability of concentration determination for these duplicates was assessed by ICCs and coefficients of variation (CVs).
RESULTS
In test 1, there was no significant correlation between the EDTA plasma serotonin and serum serotonin concentrations. There was also no significant correlation between EDTA plasma and heparin plasma concentrations for either epinephrine or norepinephrine. There was a statistically significant but weak correlation between EDTA plasma and heparin plasma dopamine concentrations. In test 2, there was no correlation for repeat-analyzed serotonin and epinephrine concentrations. Although there were statistically significant correlations for dopamine and norepinephrine, CVs for each analyte were in excess of 30%.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Before any further attempt is made to measure and report on neurotransmitter concentrations in domestic cats, it is essential that the robustness of the methodology is carefully validated and the data presented.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Edetic Acid; Neurotransmitter Agents; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 32478638
DOI: 10.1177/1098612X20924916 -
International Journal of Pharmaceutics Apr 2023Therapeutic liquid mixtures, as deep eutectic systems, are considered a sustainable strategy that can be useful for the modification and enhancement of the...
Therapeutic liquid mixtures, as deep eutectic systems, are considered a sustainable strategy that can be useful for the modification and enhancement of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of different active ingredients. In this study, we assessed the stability and antibacterial activity of therapeutic liquid formulations prepared with anti-tuberculosis drugs. Tuberculosis therapy presents various pitfalls related, for example, to the administration of prolonged regimens of multiple drugs, different severe adverse effects, low compliance of the patient to treatment and the development of drug resistance. During this study, it was possible to assess the physicochemical stability of the formulations for 6 months, by polarized optical microscopy, H NMR and FTIR-ATR. Furthermore, the mixtures present an antibacterial effect against a drug-susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain (H37Rv). This was particularly evident for the mixtures with ethambutol incorporated, making them interesting to pursue with further studies and evaluation of clinical applicability. Upon infection, it was also observed that a single and higher dose appears to be more effective than lower separate doses, which could allow the production of patient-friendly formulations.
Topics: Humans; Tuberculosis; Antitubercular Agents; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Ethambutol
PubMed: 36965645
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122862 -
Chinese Medical Journal Jan 2019Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor is the cornerstone of treatment in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and in those... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor is the cornerstone of treatment in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and in those undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In current clinical situation, availability of different oral P2Y12 inhibitors (clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor) has enabled physicians to switch among therapies owing to specific clinical scenarios. Although optimum time, loading dose and interval of transition between P2Y12 inhibitors is still controversial and needs further evidence, switching between oral inhibitors frequently occurs in clinical practice for several reasons.
DATA SOURCES
This review was based on data in articles published in PubMed up to June 2018, with the following keywords "antiplatelet therapy", "ACS", "PCI", "ticagrelor", and "clopidogrel".
STUDY SELECTION
Original articles and critical reviews on de-escalation strategy in ACS patients after PCI were selected. References of the retrieved articles were also screened to search for potentially relevant papers.
RESULTS
Safety concerns associated with switching between antiplatelet agents, has prompted the use of clopidogrel for patients with ACS especially after PCI as a de-escalation strategy. Practical considerations for de-escalating therapies in patients with ACS such as reducing dose of P2Y12 inhibitors or shortening duration of DAPT (followed by aspirin or P2Y12 receptor inhibitor monotherapy) as potential options are yet to be standardized and validated.
CONCLUSIONS
Current review will provide an overview of the pharmacology of common P2Y12 inhibitors, definitions of de-escalation and different de-escalating strategies and its outcomes, along with possible direction to be explored in de-escalation.
Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Aspirin; Diamines; Humans; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists; Thiazoles
PubMed: 30614864
DOI: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000047 -
Journal of the American Chemical Society Dec 2018The widespread deployment of carbon capture and sequestration as a climate change mitigation strategy could be facilitated by the development of more energy-efficient...
The widespread deployment of carbon capture and sequestration as a climate change mitigation strategy could be facilitated by the development of more energy-efficient adsorbents. Diamine-appended metal-organic frameworks of the type diamine-M(dobpdc) (M = Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn; dobpdc = 4,4'-dioxidobiphenyl-3,3'-dicarboxylate) have shown promise for carbon-capture applications, although questions remain regarding the molecular mechanisms of CO uptake in these materials. Here we leverage the crystallinity and tunability of this class of frameworks to perform a comprehensive study of CO chemisorption. Using multinuclear nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy experiments and van-der-Waals-corrected density functional theory (DFT) calculations for 13 diamine-M(dobpdc) variants, we demonstrate that the canonical CO chemisorption products, ammonium carbamate chains and carbamic acid pairs, can be readily distinguished and that ammonium carbamate chain formation dominates for diamine-Mg(dobpdc) materials. In addition, we elucidate a new chemisorption mechanism in the material dmpn-Mg(dobpdc) (dmpn = 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-diaminopropane), which involves the formation of a 1:1 mixture of ammonium carbamate and carbamic acid and accounts for the unusual adsorption properties of this material. Finally, we show that the presence of water plays an important role in directing the mechanisms for CO uptake in diamine-M(dobpdc) materials. Overall, our combined NMR and DFT approach enables a thorough depiction and understanding of CO adsorption within diamine-M(dobpdc) compounds, which may aid similar studies in other amine-functionalized adsorbents in the future.
Topics: Adsorption; Carbamates; Carbon Dioxide; Density Functional Theory; Diamines; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Models, Chemical; Temperature; Water
PubMed: 30501180
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10203 -
The Journal of Organic Chemistry Jun 2023Chiral Ni complexes have revolutionized both asymmetric acid-base and redox catalysis. However, the coordination isomerism of Ni complexes and their open-shell property...
Chiral Ni complexes have revolutionized both asymmetric acid-base and redox catalysis. However, the coordination isomerism of Ni complexes and their open-shell property still often hinder the elucidation of the origin of their observed stereoselectivity. Here, we report our experimental and computational investigations to clarify the mechanism of β-nitrostyrene facial selectivity switching in Ni(II)-diamine-(OAc)-catalyzed asymmetric Michael reactions. In the reaction with a dimethyl malonate, the Evans transition state (TS), in which the enolate binds in the same plane with the diamine ligand, is identified as the lowest-energy TS to promote C-C bond formation from the face in β-nitrostyrene. In contrast, a detailed survey of the multiple potential pathways in the reaction with α-keto esters points to a clear preference for our proposed C-C bond-forming TS, in which the enolate coordinates to the Ni(II) center in apical-equatorial positions relative to the diamine ligand, thereby promoting face addition in β-nitrostyrene. The N-H group plays a key orientational role in minimizing steric repulsion.
Topics: Nickel; Diamines; Ligands; Carboxylic Acids; Catalysis
PubMed: 36813263
DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02732