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Orthopedic Reviews 2022Pectoralis major ruptures are uncommon injuries that have become more prevalent over the past 20 years due to increased participation in weight lifting. Patients often... (Review)
Review
Pectoralis major ruptures are uncommon injuries that have become more prevalent over the past 20 years due to increased participation in weight lifting. Patients often present with localized swelling and ecchymosis, muscular deformity, thinning of the anterior axillary fold, and weakness in adduction and internal rotation of the affected arm. History and physical is often augmented with radiology, magnetic resonance imaging of the chest being the gold standard. Nonoperative management is reserved for old patients with low functional demands. Operative intervention is the treatment of choice with improved functional outcomes, cosmesis, and patient satisfaction.
PubMed: 36589511
DOI: 10.52965/001c.36984 -
Journal of the American College of... Aug 2023Acute hemothorax is generally known to be a sequela of trauma to the chest, rupture of aortic aneurysm, or aortic dissection. Other causes of hemothorax have been...
Acute hemothorax is generally known to be a sequela of trauma to the chest, rupture of aortic aneurysm, or aortic dissection. Other causes of hemothorax have been attributed to iatrogenic, vascular, neoplastic, coagulopathy, or infectious processes. Although there has been a single report of spontaneous rupture of intercostal artery after coughing, there have been no reports of the same from sneezing. This rare presentation highlights the importance of a full evaluation for patients who present with viral symptoms such as sneezing or coughing along with a complaint of chest pain because massive hemothorax can be life-threatening.
PubMed: 37576116
DOI: 10.1002/emp2.13025 -
The Saudi Dental Journal Jan 2018The appearance in the mouth of haemorrhagic petechiae, ecchymoses or blood blisters with spontaneous bleeding is suggestive of a haemorrhagic disorder that may be caused... (Review)
Review
The appearance in the mouth of haemorrhagic petechiae, ecchymoses or blood blisters with spontaneous bleeding is suggestive of a haemorrhagic disorder that may be caused either by functional impairment of platelets or of blood vessel walls, by an abnormal decrease in the number of circulating platelets (thrombocytopaenia), or by defects in the blood clotting mechanism. Thrombocytopaenia from decreased production or increased destruction of platelets may be caused by multiple factors including immune mediated mechanisms, drugs or infections. A diagnosis of thrombocytopaenic purpura can be made when any other disease entity that might be causing the purpura is excluded on the basis of the medical history, the physical examination, a complete blood count and a peripheral blood smear. In this paper, we outline the clinical features of oral thrombocytopaenic purpura and briefly discuss some aspects of its aetiopathogenesis and treatment.
PubMed: 30166867
DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2017.08.004 -
BMJ Case Reports May 2016
Topics: Adult; Ecchymosis; Hematoma; Humans; Male; Penis; Ultrasonography; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 27177939
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2016-215385 -
Biomedical Journal Feb 2023To apply non-invasive Automatic Tongue Diagnosis System (ATDS) in analyzing tongue features in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
To apply non-invasive Automatic Tongue Diagnosis System (ATDS) in analyzing tongue features in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional, case-controlled observational study. Patients with CKD who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled and divided into the following groups according to renal function and dialysis status: non-dialysis CKD group; end-stage renal disease (ESRD) group; and control group. Tongue images were captured and eight tongue features-shape, color, fur thickness, saliva, fissure, ecchymosis, teeth marks, and red dots-were imaged and analyzed by ATDS.
RESULTS
117 participants (57 men, 60 women) were enrolled in the study, which included 16 in control group, 38 in non-dialysis CKD group, and 63 in ESRD group. We demonstrated significant differences in the fur thickness (p = 0.045), color (p = 0.005), amounts of ecchymosis (p = 0.010), teeth marks (p = 0.016), and red dot (p < 0.001) among three groups. The areas under receiver operating characteristic curve for the amount of ecchymosis was 0.757 ± 0.055 (95% confidence interval, 0.648-0866; p < 0.001). Additionally, with increase in ecchymosis by one point, the risk of CKD dialysis rose by 1.523 times (95% confidence interval, 1.198-1.936; p = 0.001). After hemodialysis, the amount of saliva (p = 0.038), the area of saliva (p = 0.048) and the number of red dots (p = 0.040) were decreased significantly among patients with ESRD. On the contrary, the percentage of coating (p = 0.002) and area of coating (p = 0.026) were increased significantly after hemodialysis.
CONCLUSION
Blood deficiency and stasis with qi deficiency or blood heat syndrome (Zheng pattern) is common in patients with CKD. The risk of CKD dialysis increases with increasing ecchymosis. Hemodialysis can affect saliva, tongue coating, and relieve heat syndrome among ESRD patients.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Ecchymosis; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Tongue; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal Dialysis
PubMed: 35158075
DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2022.02.001 -
Cureus Apr 2023Scurvy is a multisystem disease caused by vitamin C deficiency, historically associated with lethargy, gingivitis, ecchymosis, edema, and death if left untreated....
Scurvy is a multisystem disease caused by vitamin C deficiency, historically associated with lethargy, gingivitis, ecchymosis, edema, and death if left untreated. Contemporary socioeconomic risk factors for scurvy include smoking, alcohol abuse, fad diets, mental health conditions, social isolation, and economic marginalization. Food insecurity is also a risk factor. This report describes a case of a man in his 70s who presented with unexplained dyspnea, abdominal pain, and abdominal ecchymosis. His plasma vitamin C level was undetectable, and he improved with vitamin C supplementation. This case highlights the significance of awareness of these risk factors and emphasizes the need for a comprehensive social and dietary history to enable the timely treatment of this rare but potentially fatal disease.
PubMed: 37252579
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38091 -
World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology -... Oct 2021Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an anti-fibrinolytic agent which has been proven beneficial in multiple surgical specialties where significant bleeding can occur. Whilst it has... (Review)
Review
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an anti-fibrinolytic agent which has been proven beneficial in multiple surgical specialties where significant bleeding can occur. Whilst it has been widely available for over 40 years its use within Otorhinolaryngology is still limited. Operations in Otorhinolaryngology are particularly varied with some such as tonsillectomy having the potential for significant life threatening bleeding. Other operations are performed within small confined surgical fields and even small amounts of bleeding can significantly detriment surgical field and increase technical difficulty and operative time. This review evaluated the current literature on the benefits of tranexamic acid within the field of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery. Overall TXA was demonstrated to be a safe drug with no major adverse effects including thromboembolic events reported in any study. It has been shown to be of particular benefit in rhinology by improving surgical field, reducing operative time and reducing postoperative swelling and ecchymosis. The benefit in tonsillectomy is less clear and further studies are required to evaluate its potential use in the reduction of post tonsillectomy haemorrhage rates.
PubMed: 34632348
DOI: 10.1016/j.wjorl.2020.05.010 -
The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic... Dec 2015The growing use of dermal fillers, specifically the use of hyaluronic acid, can be explained by their effectiveness and versatility as well as their favorable safety... (Review)
Review
The growing use of dermal fillers, specifically the use of hyaluronic acid, can be explained by their effectiveness and versatility as well as their favorable safety profiles. Nevertheless, early and late complications with varying levels of severity may occur. The incidence of complications is low and the majority of adverse events are mild (edema, erythema, and local ecchymosis) and of limited duration. However, more severe events, such as ischemia and necrosis, may occur. The symptoms of ischemia can occur immediately after the injection or several hours after the procedure. Here, the authors report three cases of necrosis after hyaluronic acid injection with the first symptoms presenting only several hours after the procedure. The patients were treated immediately after the diagnosis. The aim of this review is to communicate the possibility of the delayed-type presentation of necrosis, present the signs and symptoms that lead to early diagnosis, and review the treatment possibilities of this severe complication.
PubMed: 26705447
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of the American College of... Jun 2021
PubMed: 33969351
DOI: 10.1002/emp2.12431 -
Arthroscopy Techniques Feb 2020Latissimus dorsi tendon ruptures are less-common injuries that can occur in elite throwing athletes. Physical examination of the thrower with a latissimus injury may...
Latissimus dorsi tendon ruptures are less-common injuries that can occur in elite throwing athletes. Physical examination of the thrower with a latissimus injury may show ecchymosis of the upper arm and asymmetry of the posterior axillary fold along with possible weakness in shoulder adduction, extension, and internal rotation. Magnetic resonance imaging is used to confirm the diagnosis. Latissimus tendon ruptures are largely treated nonoperatively; surgical repair is only advocated for in professional throwing athletes with complete avulsion injuries or midsubstance latissimus tendon tears. Surgical repair options include the use of suture anchors, cortical suture buttons, or transosseous sutures via a single posterior axillary incision or a 2-incision technique. Given the limited literature on this topic, there have been no studies evaluating the different fixation options or surgical approaches for tendon repair. This article and accompanying video show the technique and discusses the technical pearls of a latissimus tendon repair using suture button fixation via a single-incision approach.
PubMed: 32099781
DOI: 10.1016/j.eats.2019.10.006