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CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Sep 2021
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Mucormycosis; Oral Ulcer; Palate, Hard
PubMed: 34544793
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.211026-f -
Journal of General Internal Medicine Oct 2018
Topics: Aged; Fatal Outcome; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mouth Diseases; Mucormycosis; Necrosis; Palate, Hard; Paranasal Sinus Diseases
PubMed: 30088205
DOI: 10.1007/s11606-018-4481-z -
Heliyon Jun 2022The hard palate plate has an important structural function that separates the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx. Incomplete regeneration of palatal fistulae in children...
The hard palate plate has an important structural function that separates the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx. Incomplete regeneration of palatal fistulae in children with a cleft palate deformity after primary palatoplasty is a relatively common complication. To date, the information about the physicochemical bone features of this region is deficient, due to the low availability of human samples. Swine and human bone share anatomical similarities. Specifically, pig bones are widely used as experimental animal models in dental, orthopedic, or surgical techniques. The aim of this study was to show different techniques to evaluate and characterize alternative properties of pig hard palate bone, compared to commercial hydroxyapatite, one of the most used biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration. Chemical analyses by Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) showed calcium and phosphate ions as the main constituents of bone, while magnesium, iron, sodium, potassium, and zinc ions were minor constituents. The calcium phosphate molar ratio (Ca/P) in the bone was low (1.1 ± 0.2) due to the very young specimen sample used. The FTIR spectrum shows the presence of phosphates ions (PO ) and the main characteristics of collagen type I. The XRD results showed that the hard palate bone has a mixture of calcium, octacalcium dihydrogen phosphate (OCP), and apatite, where OCP is the predominant phase. Besides, this research demonstrated that the young bone has low crystallinity and small crystal size compared with commercial hydroxyapatite (HA). The palatine process of maxilla density and porosity data reported, suggest that the palate bone is getting closer to the compact bone with a 52.78 ± 2.91% porosity and their mechanical properties depend on the preparation conditions and the area of the bone analyzed.
PubMed: 35711972
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09626 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Jul 2022Mucosal melanoma of the oral cavity is rare and highly aggressive, thought to represent less than 1% of melanomas. Within this subgroup, melanoma in situ has been rarely...
Mucosal melanoma of the oral cavity is rare and highly aggressive, thought to represent less than 1% of melanomas. Within this subgroup, melanoma in situ has been rarely described. We describe the case of a 54-year-old male with history of tobacco use presented with extensive pigmented changes to the hard and soft palate. Biopsy demonstrated melanoma in situ. Mucosal surgical resection was performed with all peripheral epithelial margins involved and negative deep margins. After extensive multidisciplinary discussion, remaining mucosal margins were re-resected to the teeth and posteriorly onto the soft palate. Deep margins remained negative with melanoma in situ still present peripherally. The patient is routinely surveilled without evidence of recurrence. Oral cavity melanoma in situ has been rarely described. The treatment of choice is surgical excision, ranging from wide local excision to composite resections, with consideration given to medical adjuncts. This unique entity should be considered in pigmented oral abnormalities.
PubMed: 35822805
DOI: 10.1177/01455613221113793 -
Journal of Dental Research Aug 2019Orofacial clefting is the most common congenital craniofacial malformation, appearing in approximately 1 in 700 live births. Orofacial clefting includes several distinct... (Review)
Review
Orofacial clefting is the most common congenital craniofacial malformation, appearing in approximately 1 in 700 live births. Orofacial clefting includes several distinct anatomic malformations affecting the upper lip and hard and soft palate. The etiology of orofacial clefting is multifactorial, including genetic or environmental factors or their combination. A large body of work has focused on the molecular etiology of cleft lip and clefts of the hard palate, but study of the underlying etiology of soft palate clefts is an emerging field. Recent advances in the understanding of soft palate development suggest that it may be regulated by distinct pathways from those implicated in hard palate development. Soft palate clefting leads to muscle misorientation and oropharyngeal deficiency and adversely affects speech, swallowing, breathing, and hearing. Hence, there is an important need to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of soft palate development. Significantly, the anatomy, function, and development of soft palatal muscles are similar in humans and mice, rendering the mouse an excellent model for investigating molecular and cellular mechanisms of soft palate clefts. Cranial neural crest-derived cells provide important regulatory cues to guide myogenic progenitors to differentiate into muscles in the soft palate. Signals from the palatal epithelium also play key roles via tissue-tissue interactions mediated by Tgf-β, Wnt, Fgf, and Hh signaling molecules. Additionally, mutations in transcription factors, such as , and , have been associated with soft palate clefting in humans and mice, suggesting that they play important regulatory roles during soft palate development. Finally, we highlight the importance of distinguishing specific types of soft palate defects in patients and developing relevant animal models for each of these types to improve our understanding of the regulatory mechanism of soft palate development. This knowledge will provide a foundation for improving treatment for patients in the future.
Topics: Animals; Cleft Palate; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Mice; Mutation; Palate, Soft; Signal Transduction; Transcription Factors
PubMed: 31150594
DOI: 10.1177/0022034519851786 -
Materials Today. Bio Oct 2023Autologous materials have superior biosafety and are widely used in clinical practice. Due to its excellent trauma-healing ability, the hard palate mucosa (HPM) has... (Review)
Review
Autologous materials have superior biosafety and are widely used in clinical practice. Due to its excellent trauma-healing ability, the hard palate mucosa (HPM) has become a hot spot for autologous donor area research. Multiple studies have conducted an in-depth analysis of the healing ability of the HPM at the cellular and molecular levels. In addition, the HPM has good maneuverability as a donor area for soft tissue grafts, and researchers have isolated various specific mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from HPM. Free soft tissue grafts obtained from the HPM have been widely used in the clinic and have played an essential role in dentistry, eyelid reconstruction, and the repair of other specific soft tissue defects. This article reviews the advantages of HPM as a donor area and its related mechanisms, classes of HPM-derived biomaterials, the current status of clinical applications, challenges, and future development directions.
PubMed: 37636987
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100734 -
BMJ Case Reports Apr 2021Neurofibromas are defined as benign tumours arising from peripheral nerve sheaths. Few intraoral palatal cases have been reported. Neurofibromas can occur as part of...
Neurofibromas are defined as benign tumours arising from peripheral nerve sheaths. Few intraoral palatal cases have been reported. Neurofibromas can occur as part of neurofibromatosis, type 1 (NF1) or type 2 (NF2). A 41-year-old patient presented with a slowly enlarging soft tissue mass on the hard palate. An incisional biopsy was performed, which confirmed the diagnosis of a neurofibroma associated with NF1. It should be considered that there is a chance of malignant transformation. Here, we discuss the clinical features, types, diagnosis, histopathology and treatment options.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Neurofibroma; Neurofibromatosis 1; Palate, Hard
PubMed: 33827870
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-239887