-
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai... Jul 2023Myoepithelioma, also known as malignant myoepithelioma, is a rare malignant tumor originating from myoepithelial cell. This article reports a patient with a huge tumor... (Review)
Review
Myoepithelioma, also known as malignant myoepithelioma, is a rare malignant tumor originating from myoepithelial cell. This article reports a patient with a huge tumor in the neck and left elbow who underwent fine needle aspiration under local anesthesia. The pathological diagnosis was a myoepithelioma. Under general anesthesia, giant tumors in the lower neck, posterior cranial fossa, neck, and left elbow were removed, and postoperative pathology showed that they were all myoepithelial tumors. Immunohistochemistry showed AE1/AE3 (+), P63 (+), CK7 (+), CK5 (+), and CD138 (+). The clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment process of this case are reported and relevant literature is reviewed.
Topics: Humans; Myoepithelioma; Immunohistochemistry; Epithelial Cells; Neck; Carcinoma
PubMed: 37549952
DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2023.07.013 -
Salivary gland tumor incidence in adult patients in a tertiary hospital in Mexico from 2008 to 2019.Cirugia Y Cirujanos 2023To determine the incidence of salivary gland tumors in a population of a tertiary hospital in the State of Mexico, and to describe demographic variables. (Observational Study)
Observational Study
OBJECTIVE
To determine the incidence of salivary gland tumors in a population of a tertiary hospital in the State of Mexico, and to describe demographic variables.
METHOD
An observational, cross-sectional and retrospective study of salivary gland tumors reported in a tertiary hospital in the State of Mexico in the period 2008-2019 is presented.
RESULTS
A prevalence of 0.049% was found. There was no difference between sex in the studied population. Benign salivary gland tumors were the most frequent (86.7%). The age range most affected was 51-60 years. The most frequently found tumor was the pleomorphic adenoma, followed by Warthin's tumor. There was 13.33% of sialolipomas, and one myoepithelioma. There were no cases of sublingual gland tumors or minor salivary glands.
CONCLUSION
Tumors of the major salivary glands are infrequent tumors; population cases from a central Mexican state and their demographic characteristics are presented to contribute to the information found in local and international literature.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Middle Aged; Mexico; Tertiary Care Centers; Cross-Sectional Studies; Incidence; Retrospective Studies; Salivary Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 37677957
DOI: 10.24875/CIRU.21000414 -
Genes, Chromosomes & Cancer May 2015Myoepithelial (ME) tumors of soft tissue and bone display a heterogeneous histologic spectrum and in about half of the cases harbor EWSR1 gene rearrangements. Despite...
Myoepithelial (ME) tumors of soft tissue and bone display a heterogeneous histologic spectrum and in about half of the cases harbor EWSR1 gene rearrangements. Despite rare case reports, the prevalence of fused in sarcoma (FUS) gene abnormalities and its related fusion partners remains undetermined among ME tumors. Therefore, we screened 66 EWSR1-negative ME tumors for FUS abnormalities by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In an index FUS-rearranged case, 3'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) was applied to identify the fusion partner. Results were further confirmed by reverse transcription-PCR, followed by FISH screening the entire cohort of FUS-rearranged and EWSR1-positive ME lesions lacking a known fusion partner. The correlation between genotype and clinicopathological features was also investigated. As a result, six (9%) FUS-rearranged cases were identified, spanning divergent age groups, tumor locations, and morphologic features. A novel FUS-KLF17 fusion was identified by 3'-RACE in an 11-year-old girl with a foot lesion associated with locoregional metastases. Three additional cases with FUS-KLF17 fusions were identified and one KLF17 rearrangement (6.3%) was found among the 16 EWSR1-positive cases tested. The KLF17-related ME tumors affected younger patients and often exhibited trabecular growth in a myxohyaline stroma, but this genotype did not correlate with a malignant phenotype. In conclusion, a small subset of ME tumors harbor FUS rearrangements, two thirds of them being associated with KLF17 fusion. FUS FISH analysis is recommended in EWSR1-negative lesions in which a ME diagnosis is suspected. KLF17 is also a rare gene fusion partner to EWSR1-rearranged ME tumors.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; Child; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma; Oncogene Fusion; RNA-Binding Protein EWS; RNA-Binding Protein FUS; RNA-Binding Proteins; Transcription Factors; Young Adult
PubMed: 25706482
DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22240 -
Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology... Jul 2019Early enhancement and a washout pattern are reported to be the characteristic imaging features of Warthin tumor (WT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
PURPOSE
Early enhancement and a washout pattern are reported to be the characteristic imaging features of Warthin tumor (WT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the enhancement patterns of basal cell adenoma (BCA) and myoepithelioma (ME) of the parotid gland on two-phase computed tomography (CT), compared with WT.
METHODS
We retrospectively evaluated two-phase CT examinations of histologically proven 19 BCAs, 12 MEs, and 23 WTs of the parotid gland. In all patients, CT scans were obtained at early and delayed phases with scanning delays of 40 and 180 s, respectively. We measured the attenuation values on each phase of CT scans and calculated washout attenuation and relative percentage enhancement washout ratio. From the data acquired, we statistically compared the enhancing characteristics among three tumor groups.
RESULTS
Based on the results of washout attenuation and relative percentage enhancement washout ratio, 15 (79%) of 19 BCAs, 9 (75%) of 12 MEs, and 23 (100%) of 23 WTs demonstrated a washout pattern of enhancement on two-phase CT scans. Despite variations of the individual tumors, both parameters revealed no significant difference among three tumor groups.
CONCLUSION
BCAs and MEs of the parotid gland frequently show early enhancement and a washout pattern on two-phase CT, which can be indistinguishable from WTs in the majority of cases.
Topics: Adenolymphoma; Adenoma; Adult; Aged; Contrast Media; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms; Radiographic Image Enhancement; Retrospective Studies; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 31120425
DOI: 10.5152/dir.2019.18337 -
Case Reports in Oncology 2021Myoepithelial carcinoma, also known as malignant myoepithelioma, is considered an extremely rare (0.45-1%) malignant salivary gland neoplasm. Approximately 100 cases...
Myoepithelial carcinoma, also known as malignant myoepithelioma, is considered an extremely rare (0.45-1%) malignant salivary gland neoplasm. Approximately 100 cases have been reported in the English-language literature on myoepithelial carcinoma. The majority of the myoepitheliomas described in the literature have been benign, and the malignant counterpart is considered rare (<1%). Such a tumor may appear de novo or rarely develop from a preexisting pleomorphic adenoma (<20%), and in exceedingly rare cases (<0.5%), it has arisen from a benign myoepithelioma (i.e., plasmacytoid myoepithelioma). To our knowledge, no case of myoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland arising in a plasmacytoid myoepithelioma synchronized with melanoma has been reported to date. The treatment of myoepithelial carcinoma has been mainly surgical, including wide excision with free margins, with or without nodal dissection. The roles of chemotherapy and radiotherapy have not yet been established. We report a case of myoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland arising in a plasmacytoid myoepithelioma synchronized with melanoma in a 40-year-old woman. In our case, a complete response was achieved with surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy based on carboplatin and paclitaxel concurrent with radiotherapy.
PubMed: 33776700
DOI: 10.1159/000510937 -
Case Reports in Otolaryngology 2016Myoepithelioma is an extremely rare tumour subtype and diagnosis is based on a wide variation of cellular morphology. FNAC specimens do not always suffice for a...
Myoepithelioma is an extremely rare tumour subtype and diagnosis is based on a wide variation of cellular morphology. FNAC specimens do not always suffice for a definitive differential diagnosis which depends on histology and immunohistochemistry of the lesion. Case Presentation. A 54-year-old female came to our attention with dysphagia and dyslalia of 6-month standing. Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) examination revealed a voluminous mass on the right portion of the base of her tongue, where postcontrast T2-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) evidenced a hyperintense lesion. The fine-needle aspiration specimen taken for cytology was not diagnostic, as a differential diagnosis between myoepithelioma and a malignant neoplasm of the salivary glands necessitates parameters that cytology alone cannot provide. Therefore, the whole lesion was excised by diode laser through a transoral approach. Histology and immunohistochemistry of the completely excised lesion confirmed a myoepithelioma.
PubMed: 27034872
DOI: 10.1155/2016/3785979 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... 2015Retrospective data on 165 patients who presented with a parotid mass and underwent surgery in our clinics during 2000-2009 were examined. The obtained data (demographic...
BACKGROUND
Retrospective data on 165 patients who presented with a parotid mass and underwent surgery in our clinics during 2000-2009 were examined. The obtained data (demographic data, surgical procedures, histopathological diagnoses) were compared to similar studies to make contributions to the literature.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients were classified according to their histopathological diagnosis. Surgical procedures and patient follow-up were clarified. The results are presented as means and standard deviations.
RESULTS
Of the 165 masses, 134 (81.3%) were benign and 31 (18.7%) were malignant. Pleomorphic adenoma was the most common benign tumour (79 patients, 59%). Lymphoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma were equally common and were the most common malignant parotid gland tumours (both 6 patients, 19.3%). The most frequent surgical procedure was superficial parotidectomy (92 patients, 55.7%), and the most commonly encountered surgical complication was facial paralysis (12 patients, 7.2%).
CONCLUSIONS
Our data are generally in line with the literature but lymphoma was more common than in most previous reports. Although the number of cases was low, the high incidence of parotid gland lymphoma was remarkable.
Topics: Adenoma; Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Adult; Age Distribution; Aged; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic; Cohort Studies; Facial Paralysis; Female; Humans; Lipoma; Lymphoma; Male; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma; Parotid Neoplasms; Postoperative Complications; Retrospective Studies; Turkey
PubMed: 25921175
DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.8.3539 -
The American Journal of Surgical... May 2019Myoepithelial carcinoma (MECA) is an underrecognized challenging entity with a broad morphologic spectrum. Misinterpreting MECA is not uncommon as distinguishing it from...
Myoepithelial carcinoma (MECA) is an underrecognized challenging entity with a broad morphologic spectrum. Misinterpreting MECA is not uncommon as distinguishing it from its mimics, especially cellular myoepithelial-rich pleomorphic adenoma (PA), can be difficult. We described 21 histologically challenging cases of MECAs (16 MECA ex-PA and 5 MECA de novo). All MECAs ex-PA were intracapsular or minimally invasive except for 3 cases. Eighteen (86%) were initially misinterpreted as benign neoplasms, including PA (10), atypical PA (5), and myoepithelioma (3). The remaining 3 were initially diagnosed as malignant (MECA ex-PA) but were histologically challenging. Histologic features that were found most helpful in recognizing the malignant nature of MECA included: uniformly cellular myoepithelial proliferation with an expansile nodular lobulated pattern (all cases) and alternate hypocellular and hypercellular zonal distribution (76% of cases). Among the 16 MECA patients with follow-up, 14 (87.5%) progressed: 10 developed local recurrence and 5 distant metastases. In contrast, only one of 33 patients with cellular PA (control group) recurred locally. Ten of the 14 MECAs that progressed were MECA ex-PA, and 12 (85%) had an initial benign diagnosis. Two patients with MECA ex-PA died of their disease; one had an initial diagnosis of PA. MECA is a histologically challenging entity that closely mimics PA and seems to carry a significant risk of recurrence. Areas of clonal appearing cellular myoepithelial growth with an expansile nodular lobulated pattern and zonal cellular distribution distinguish the majority of MECAs and may serve as useful diagnostic histologic features to differentiate MECA from its benign mimics.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy; Carcinoma; Case-Control Studies; Cell Proliferation; Diagnostic Errors; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; New York City; Ontario; Predictive Value of Tests; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 30789358
DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000001218 -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... Nov 2017The human breast parenchyma consists of collecting ducts and terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs). The TDLU is the site of origin of most breast cancers. The reason for...
The human breast parenchyma consists of collecting ducts and terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs). The TDLU is the site of origin of most breast cancers. The reason for such focal susceptibility to cancer remains poorly understood. Here, we take advantage of a region-specific heterogeneity in luminal progenitors to interrogate the differentiation repertoire of candidate stem cells in TDLUs. We show that stem-like activity in serial passage culture and in vivo breast morphogenesis relies on the preservation of a myoepithelial phenotype. By enrichment for region-specific progenitors, we identify bipotent and multipotent progenitors in ducts and TDLUs, respectively. We propose that focal breast cancer susceptibility, at least in part, originates from region-specific myoepithelial progenitors.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antigens, CD; Biomarkers; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Differentiation; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Epithelial Cells; Female; Gene Expression; Humans; Keratin-19; Mammary Glands, Human; Middle Aged; Multipotent Stem Cells; Muscle Cells; Myoepithelioma; Organ Specificity; Primary Cell Culture; Prognosis
PubMed: 29109259
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1714063114 -
Medicine Jul 2018Soft-tissue myoepithelioma is a rare neoplasm. It usually occurs in the distal or proximal extremities, but seldomly arises in the abdominal wall.
RATIONALE
Soft-tissue myoepithelioma is a rare neoplasm. It usually occurs in the distal or proximal extremities, but seldomly arises in the abdominal wall.
PRESENTING CONCERNS OF THE PATIENT
The patient is a 40-year-old woman who presented with a painless mass at the lateral abdominal wall for 6 months. Computed tomography scan revealed a lobulated and well-defined iso-density mass showing heterogeneously moderate enhancement. The mass exhibited intermediate T1 signal and obvious high T2 signal on magnetic resonance imaging.
INTERVENTIONS
The tumor was excised. Hematoxylin-eosin stain and immunohistochemical stain showed that the tumor was myoepithelioma.
OUTCOMES
The patient did not undergo chemotherapy and radiotherapy. No recurrence or metastasis was noted during the 1 year follow-up.
LESSONS
Radiologists should consider myoepithelioma in the differential diagnosis when finding a tumor in the abdominal wall.
Topics: Abdominal Wall; Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Myoepithelioma; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29979383
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000011209