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BMJ Case Reports Jan 2019Clear cell variant is a rare histological type of myoepithelioma seen in parotid and soft palate. This article describes clear cell variant of myoepithelioma in the...
Clear cell variant is a rare histological type of myoepithelioma seen in parotid and soft palate. This article describes clear cell variant of myoepithelioma in the tongue base, which has not been reported in the literature so far. A 34-year-old man presented with dysphagia and foreign body sensation of throat. Video laryngostroboscopy using a 70° rigid telescope showed a smooth globular mass in the oropharynx arising from the tongue base. Based on clinical and radiological findings, the lesion was considered as benign. Fine needle aspiration cytology was not attempted fearing risk of bleeding, aspiration and airway compromise. Hence, an excisional biopsy followed by definitive histopathological examination without frozen section was planned. The patient underwent coblator-assisted excision and subsequently sent for histopathological analysis. There were cuboidal cell nests with abundant clear cytoplasm which stained positive for p63 by immunohistochemistry. This helped in establishing the diagnosis of clear cell myoepithelioma.
Topics: Adult; Capsule Endoscopy; Deglutition Disorders; Humans; Laryngoscopy; Male; Membrane Proteins; Myoepithelioma; Stroboscopy; Tongue Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 30665928
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-226764 -
Journal of Cancer Research and... 2015Myoepithelioma, once considered to be a type of pleomorphic adenoma, is a rare benign tumor of the salivary glands. This uncommon tumor is most commonly diagnosed in the... (Review)
Review
Myoepithelioma, once considered to be a type of pleomorphic adenoma, is a rare benign tumor of the salivary glands. This uncommon tumor is most commonly diagnosed in the parotid gland and in the minor salivary glands of the palate. We report a case of myoepithelioma located at the base of tongue, a rare site, in a 48-year-old male, composed of spindle shaped myoepithelial cells.
Topics: Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma; Prognosis; Rare Diseases; Tongue Neoplasms
PubMed: 26881649
DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.139380 -
Nefrologia : Publicacion Oficial de La... 2015Arterial hypertension is a highly prevalent disease and its secondary causes must always be kept in mind because the treatment and prognosis differ between these and... (Review)
Review
Arterial hypertension is a highly prevalent disease and its secondary causes must always be kept in mind because the treatment and prognosis differ between these and essential hypertension. Here we present the first reported case in Argentina of a 21-year-old patient with arterial hypertension and hypokalaemia due to a renin-secreting juxtaglomerular cell tumour, which was diagnosed after seven years of development.
Topics: Female; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Hypertension, Renal; Hypokalemia; Juxtaglomerular Apparatus; Kidney Neoplasms; Myoepithelioma; Nephrectomy; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic; Renin; Young Adult
PubMed: 25611839
DOI: 10.3265/Nefrologia.pre2014.Sep.12623 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Apr 2015Myoepithelioma/myoepithelial carcinomas are not commonly found in soft tissues and are especially rare at visceral sites. This report describes a case of a rare...
Myoepithelioma/myoepithelial carcinomas are not commonly found in soft tissues and are especially rare at visceral sites. This report describes a case of a rare low-grade myoepithelial carcinoma of the stomach. A 61-year-old female patient presented with postprandial abdominal discomfort. Endoscopy revealed a 1.1 cm submucosal lesion. Local excision was performed after malignancy was confirmed by biopsy. The resection margin is free of tumor and she received no adjuvant therapy. The tumor was characterized by multinodular growth with biphasic epithelioid and spindle components. Infiltrative margin and nuclear pleomorphism are seen. Tumor cells were positive for both epithelial and myoepithelial markers. Evidence of epithelial differentiation was confirmed by electron microscopy. No EWSR1 rearrangement was detected. The final diagnosis was low-grade myoepithelial gastric carcinoma. The patient is currently well, and no evidence of recurrence or metastasis was found after ten-month of follow-up. Myoepithelial carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a biphasic gastric tumor.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Gastrectomy; Gastroscopy; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma; Predictive Value of Tests; Stomach Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 25892892
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i14.4391 -
International Journal of Clinical and... 2015We report one case of yolk sac tumor of the ear and review the literature. The patient was a 9-month boy who scratched his right ear repeatedly one month ago. Computed... (Review)
Review
We report one case of yolk sac tumor of the ear and review the literature. The patient was a 9-month boy who scratched his right ear repeatedly one month ago. Computed tomography scan showed an irregular elongated mass image measuring 42×16 mm was found in the right external auditory canal. The tumor was located underneath of the epidermis with ulceration. Mild or moderate atypical round or oval tumor cells were arranged in nest and reticular pattern around vesicular or cystic spaces. Tumor cells had abundant eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm and marked nucleoli. Mitotic figures were about 7/10 HPF. Poorly formed Schiller-Duvall body was occasionally present. The stroma was loose and rich in capillaries. Hyaline globules could be found in the stroma. Immunohistochemistry staining showed that tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin, SALL4, glypican-3, focal positive for EMA, vimentin, CD10, and CD34, but negative for a-fetoprotein, HCG, PLAP. The serum α-fetoprotein was 664.60 ng/mL (normal, ≤ 25 ng/mL). Yolk sac tumor of the ear is extremely rare, especially α-fetoprotein negative expression in our case. The differential diagnosis includes embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, paraganglioma, myoepithelioma, carcinoma of skin appendages, and metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Ear Canal; Ear Neoplasms; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Infant; Male
PubMed: 26823835
DOI: No ID Found -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Mar 2023We present a rare case of myoepithelioma in the subcutaneous layer of the shoulder with ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). US showed a lobulated...
We present a rare case of myoepithelioma in the subcutaneous layer of the shoulder with ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). US showed a lobulated hyperechoic mass, leading to an impression of lipoma. MRI showed the mass with low signal intensity on T1-weighted images (T1WI), high signal intensity on fat-suppressed T2-weighted images (T2WI), intermediate signal intensity on T2WI, and intense enhancement with adjacent fascial thickening. Imaging findings of soft tissue myoepithelioma have not been established. We report its US and MRI features mimicking features from a lipomatous tumor to infiltrative malignancy. Although soft tissue myoepithelioma has nonspecific image findings to confirm its diagnosis, some findings may help to make the differential diagnosis. Preoperative pathologic confirmation is recommended in a soft tissue neoplasm.
Topics: Humans; Myoepithelioma; Diagnosis, Differential; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Upper Extremity
PubMed: 37109625
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59040667 -
Nature Communications Oct 2017Myoepithelial carcinoma (MECA) is an aggressive salivary gland cancer with largely unknown genetic features. Here we comprehensively analyze molecular alterations in 40...
Myoepithelial carcinoma (MECA) is an aggressive salivary gland cancer with largely unknown genetic features. Here we comprehensively analyze molecular alterations in 40 MECAs using integrated genomic analyses. We identify a low mutational load, and high prevalence (70%) of oncogenic gene fusions. Most fusions involve the PLAG1 oncogene, which is associated with PLAG1 overexpression. We find FGFR1-PLAG1 in seven (18%) cases, and the novel TGFBR3-PLAG1 fusion in six (15%) cases. TGFBR3-PLAG1 promotes a tumorigenic phenotype in vitro, and is absent in 723 other salivary gland tumors. Other novel PLAG1 fusions include ND4-PLAG1; a fusion between mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. We also identify higher number of copy number alterations as a risk factor for recurrence, independent of tumor stage at diagnosis. Our findings indicate that MECA is a fusion-driven disease, nominate TGFBR3-PLAG1 as a hallmark of MECA, and provide a framework for future diagnostic and therapeutic research in this lethal cancer.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cell Line, Tumor; DNA-Binding Proteins; Female; Genomics; HEK293 Cells; Humans; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; Myoepithelioma; Oncogene Fusion; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Young Adult
PubMed: 29084941
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01178-z -
BMJ Case Reports Jul 2021Coined in 1961 by Hirsch and Helwig, the term chondroid syringoma refers to a rare mixed tumour of subcutaneous tissue. Histologically, these tumours are almost...
Coined in 1961 by Hirsch and Helwig, the term chondroid syringoma refers to a rare mixed tumour of subcutaneous tissue. Histologically, these tumours are almost identical to pleomorphic adenomas, arising from salivary glands. With the obvious difference being the presence of sweat gland tissue (syringoma) within a matrix of cartilage (chondroid). These mixed tumours remain scarce throughout the world, with an incidence of less than 0.098%. The vast majority of cases are reported in middle-aged and older adults, where they typically present as painless swellings in the head and neck, which gradually grow in size.
Topics: Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Aged; Child; Head; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma; Neck; Sweat Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 34312123
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-232943 -
BMJ Case Reports May 2022A young pregnant woman presented to the emergency department with acute lower abdominal pain. The ultrasound examination showed not only a viable fetus with a...
A young pregnant woman presented to the emergency department with acute lower abdominal pain. The ultrasound examination showed not only a viable fetus with a gestational age of 24 weeks but also a heteroechoic mass of about 7×7 cm involving parts of the face. The patient was found to be in active labour with rapid progression, and she gave birth to a dead female neonate. The autopsy showed a large malignant mixed tumour of the left parotid gland and revealed infection with cytomegalovirus. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a malignant mixed tumour of salivary glands in fetuses.
Topics: Carcinoma; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Mixed Tumor, Malignant; Myoepithelioma; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms; Pregnancy; Salivary Glands
PubMed: 35568413
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-248616 -
Modern Pathology : An Official Journal... Jul 2015Epithelioid benign fibrous histiocytoma, also known as 'epithelioid cell histiocytoma,' has traditionally been considered a morphologic variant of cutaneous fibrous...
Epithelioid benign fibrous histiocytoma, also known as 'epithelioid cell histiocytoma,' has traditionally been considered a morphologic variant of cutaneous fibrous histiocytoma (dermatofibroma). In addition to its characteristic epithelioid cytomorphology, several phenotypic differences suggest that epithelioid fibrous histiocytoma may differ biologically from other variants. Recently, ALK rearrangement was described in two cases of epithelioid fibrous histiocytoma and separately in two cases reported as 'atypical' fibrous histiocytoma (with epithelioid features), with corresponding ALK expression detectable by immunohistochemistry. The goals of this study were to determine the frequency of ALK expression by immunohistochemistry in epithelioid fibrous histiocytoma, to determine its value for the diagnosis of epithelioid fibrous histiocytoma among variants and other histologic mimics, and to evaluate ALK gene rearrangement in epithelioid fibrous histiocytoma. ALK protein expression was evaluated in whole tissue sections from 33 epithelioid fibrous histiocytomas, 41 other cases of fibrous histiocytoma (11 conventional and 10 each cellular, atypical, and aneurysmal types), 10 cutaneous syncytial myoepitheliomas, and 5 atypical fibroxanthomas, using a mouse anti-ALK monoclonal antibody. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed using break-apart probes. In total, 29/33 (88%) cases of epithelioid fibrous histiocytoma showed diffuse cytoplasmic ALK expression. Staining was moderate to strong in intensity in all cases except one, which showed diffuse weak expression. All other tumor types were negative for ALK expression. FISH demonstrated ALK rearrangement in all ALK-immunoreactive cases evaluated (n=13), and not in one ALK expression-negative epithelioid fibrous histiocytoma successfully examined. In conclusion, the majority of epithelioid fibrous histiocytomas demonstrate ALK expression and ALK gene rearrangement. ALK expression is not seen in other variants of fibrous histiocytoma, providing a useful diagnostic tool to distinguish epithelioid fibrous histiocytoma from most histologic mimics. The expression of ALK suggests that epithelioid fibrous histiocytoma is a biologically distinct tumor type, unrelated to conventional fibrous histiocytoma and histologic variants.
Topics: Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase; Diagnosis, Differential; Epithelioid Cells; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Gene Rearrangement; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous; Humans; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 25857825
DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2015.49