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Heliyon Jan 2024Marital infidelity is a highly distressing experience for those involved. Understanding the psychological factors related to infidelity can help develop targeted...
OBJECTIVES
Marital infidelity is a highly distressing experience for those involved. Understanding the psychological factors related to infidelity can help develop targeted interventions. The primary aim of this study was to assess the association between attachment styles and marital infidelity.
METHODS
Seventeen studies were included, sourced from electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycInfo, with no time limitations, up to April 2023. The search employed terms like "attachment AND marital infidelity." Study quality was evaluated using the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool from RevMan version 5.3.
RESULTS
The meta-analysis involved a total of 13,666 participants, ranging from 208 to 4047 individuals. Findings showed that higher levels of anxiety and avoidance in attachment were significantly associated with increased marital infidelity ( = 0.18, 95 % CI = 0.14-0.22, p < 0.0001). Conversely, weaker attachment insecurity was linked to reduced rates of marital infidelity. Additionally, both dismissive and fearful attachment styles correlated with marital infidelity, with respective weighted effect sizes of = 0.07, p < 0.001 (95 % CI = 0.04-0.10) and = 0.19, p < 0.001 (95 % CI = 0.10-0.29). No association was found between preoccupied attachment and infidelity.
CONCLUSION
Individuals with insecure attachment styles, specifically those with high levels of anxiety or avoidance, are more likely to engage in marital infidelity. Attachment styles should be a focus in couples therapy, especially for treatment related to infidelity. Assessing and addressing these underlying attachment issues can better guide therapists in their work with couples facing infidelity.
PubMed: 38163207
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23261 -
Journal of Education and Health... 2020Marital quality is an important predictor of marital continuity, which can lead to mental health, well-being, and happiness for couples, and marital quality is...
INTRODUCTION
Marital quality is an important predictor of marital continuity, which can lead to mental health, well-being, and happiness for couples, and marital quality is equivalent to marital satisfaction and adjustment. This study was carried out to purpose the effectiveness of metacognition therapy on marital quality of women in the city of Isfahan.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest and control group design. The study population included all married women visiting consultation centers in the city of Isfahan during March 2018-March 2019. The sampling method was nonrandom voluntary sampling used to select 30 participants who were then randomly divided into experiment and control groups (15 individuals each). The research tool was the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale(RDAS). The experiment group participated in eight sessions of metacognition therapy, each lasting 90 min. Covariance analysis method was used to analyze the data via SPSS21.
RESULTS
The result of covariance analysis showed that metacognition therapy has been effective in improving the marital quality of the women in the city of Isfahan ( < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
The results of this study emphasize that metacognition therapy is effective on the marital quality of the women in the city of Isfahan. Using this treatment plan can result in improved marital quality and marital satisfaction and therefore improve the relationship of couples. Therefore, the results of the current study can provide empirical support for the use of metacognition therapy to improve marital quality.
PubMed: 32509907
DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_5_20 -
Indian Journal of Public Health 2022Postpartum depression (PPD) is onset of depressive symptoms in postpartum period from 2 weeks to 1 year. It causes maternal morbidity and long-term negative effects on...
CONTEXT
Postpartum depression (PPD) is onset of depressive symptoms in postpartum period from 2 weeks to 1 year. It causes maternal morbidity and long-term negative effects on growth and development of infant and child. It is often unreported and underdiagnosed.
AIMS
(1) To estimate the prevalence of PPD, (2) To determine socio-demographic, clinical, and obstetric correlates of the same.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
A cross-sectional study was done in urban and rural areas of District Aligarh.
METHODS
A total of 304 females between 6 weeks and 6 months' postpartum period giving consent were included in this study. Sociodemographic, obstetric, and clinico-social factors were recorded using predesigned, pretested questionnaire. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score ≥10 was used to screen for PPD and International Classification of Disease (ICD-10) criteria for confirmation.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED
Correlates of PPD were determined using logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
The prevalence of PPD was 9.5% using EPDS and was confirmed by ICD-10 criteria. History of abortion (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 6.0, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 2.2-16.5), poor relationship with in-laws (AOR: 5.1; 95% CI 1.3-20.5), marital conflict (AOR: 13.3; 95% CI 2.2-77.6), and substance abuse in husband (AOR: 3.1; 95% CI 1.1-9.0) were found to be significant correlates for PPD.
CONCLUSIONS
About one in every 10 postpartum females suffered from depression but did not seek health care for the same. Women facing social pathologies such as substance abuse in husband, marital conflict, and poor relationship with in-laws are more at risk of PPD. Screening for PPD should be included in the maternal and child health care programs to ensure early diagnosis and treatment.
Topics: Pregnancy; Child; Female; Humans; Depression, Postpartum; Cross-Sectional Studies; Risk Factors; India; Postpartum Period; Prevalence
PubMed: 37039176
DOI: 10.4103/ijph.ijph_1694_21 -
Aging and Health Research Jun 2022Worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a rapid disruption on work, social activities and family life. Pre-pandemic norms suggested that women spend more time in unpaid...
BACKGROUND
Worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a rapid disruption on work, social activities and family life. Pre-pandemic norms suggested that women spend more time in unpaid work roles and with childcare, while men spend more time in paid work roles. This study aims to understand: 1) the distribution of unpaid work roles within households, and 2) if there are certain factors that explain the unpaid work roles within a household during the pandemic.
METHODS
This study used a cross-sectional survey of people across the globe, during the pandemic. The survey, administered through a virtual platform of Qualtrics, consisted of the following sections: (a) consent, (b) location and job description (c) marital status and household numbers (d) age, sex, and gender (e) unpaid work roles and family responsibilities. Descriptive statistics and percentages were reported for all the data regarding the study variables. A multivariable regression model was used to understand which factors may explain the changes in unpaid work roles recalling before and during the pandemic.
RESULTS
This survey was completed by 1847 participants. The mean age was 30 years old (standard deviation of 13.3). The majority of participants identified themselves as women (76.0%) and single (62.1%). The multivariable linear regression indicated that marital status (single, common-law, married, divorced), higher number of household members (1-8,12), older age, higher number of dependent children, and gender (female) were positive and significant predictors of baseline changes in unpaid work role scores, explaining 50% of the variance (R = 0.50).
DISCUSSION
All households experienced a significant increase in the amount of unpaid work roles during the pandemic. However, older women who were in a relationship and experienced additional household members such as dependent children or sick older adults, were faced with more changes in unpaid work roles during COVID-19, than other individuals.
PubMed: 35316984
DOI: 10.1016/j.ahr.2022.100071 -
Gynecological Endocrinology : the... Dec 2023To determine the prevalence of menopausal symptoms and factors related to severity in mid-aged women. Cross-sectional study in which 216 urban-living women from...
To determine the prevalence of menopausal symptoms and factors related to severity in mid-aged women. Cross-sectional study in which 216 urban-living women from Asunción-Paraguay (40-60 years) were surveyed with the 10 item Cervantes Scale (CS-10) and a general questionnaire (personal and partner data). Median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of the sample was 48 [9] years, 48.1% were postmenopausal, 8.8% used menopausal hormone therapy, 39.4% psychotropic drugs, 43.5% had hypertension, 6.5% diabetes, 51.9% abdominal obesity, and 89.3% had a partner ( = 193). A history of sexual abuse was present in 2.8%. Median total CS-10 score was 8.5 [9.75]. Overall, 93.3% (180/193) of women having a partner were sexually active, with a median coital frequency of 8 times per month. According to the CS-10, the three most prevalent menopausal symptoms were: aching in muscles and/or joints (70.8%), anxiety and nervousness (70.8%) and hot flashes/night sweats (54.2%). Factors associated with higher CS-10 scores were: female age and educational level, marital status, menopausal status, and marital sexual aspects. Partner educational level was inversely correlated (rho Spearman coefficient) with CS-10 total scores. However, multiple linear regression analysis found that higher total CS-10 scores (more severe menopausal symptoms) negatively correlated to coital frequency and positively correlated with peri- and postmenopausal status, parity, sedentary lifestyle and a history of sexual abuse. Menopausal symptoms in this mid-aged urban female Paraguayan sample were related to hormonal, sexual and other female aspects.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Child; Paraguay; Prevalence; Cross-Sectional Studies; Menopause; Sexual Behavior; Hot Flashes; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 37478894
DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2023.2235427 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2023The current research examined the effect of Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy (EFCT) on perceived intimacy, affect, and dyadic connection in cancer survivor couples...
OBJECTIVE
The current research examined the effect of Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy (EFCT) on perceived intimacy, affect, and dyadic connection in cancer survivor couples with relationship challenges.
METHOD
In this longitudinal replicated single-case study, positive and negative affect, intimacy, partner responsiveness, and expression of attachment-based emotional needs were reported every 3 days before and during treatment. Thirteen couples, with one partner having survived colorectal cancer or breast cancer, participated for the full duration of the study. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using randomization tests, piecewise regression, and multilevel analyses.
RESULTS
Adherence to the therapeutic protocol was tested and found adequate. Compared with baseline, significant positive effects on affect variables were found during the therapeutic process. Positive affect increased and negative affect decreased. Partner responsiveness, perceived intimacy, and the expression of attachment-based emotional needs improved, but only in the later phase of treatment. Results at the group level were statistically significant, whereas effects at the individual level were not.
DISCUSSION
This study found positive group-level effects of EFCT on affect and dyadic outcome measures in cancer survivors. The positive results warrant further research, including randomized clinical trials, to replicate these effects of EFCT in cancer survivor couples experiencing marital and sexual problems.
PubMed: 37205090
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1123821 -
Brain and Behavior May 2022Suicide is a public health problem that gets little attention in Bangladesh especially in prevention aspects. Recent studies revealed that a significant portion of risk...
BACKGROUND
Suicide is a public health problem that gets little attention in Bangladesh especially in prevention aspects. Recent studies revealed that a significant portion of risk factors is closely related to family events. However, potential prevention strategies considering the family structure and involving family dynamics of Bangladesh have not been discussed.
OBJECTIVES
We aim to highlight areas of family vulnerability and resilience when the threat of suicide is present, as well as the potential roles of family in suicide prevention in Bangladesh.
METHODS
We conducted a thorough narrative and focused literature search and synthesized evidence based on available articles discussing suicidality and family dynamics in Bangladesh.
RESULTS
Risk factors for suicide prevailing in the family have been organized, and several strategies for coping with family risk factors, including marital discord and family conflict have been proposed for testing empirically.
CONCLUSIONS
The family has an important role to play in suicide prevention in Bangladesh. However, potential prevention strategies and their effectiveness have been untapped in the country. Studies are warranted to test the effectiveness of the proposed strategies.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Bangladesh; Humans; Risk Factors; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide Prevention
PubMed: 35398979
DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2562 -
Transactions of the Royal Society of... May 2016Foreign-born populations carry a significant TB burden in low-prevalence countries, composing over half of all cases in parts of Europe and North America. This study... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Foreign-born populations carry a significant TB burden in low-prevalence countries, composing over half of all cases in parts of Europe and North America. This study systematically reviewed evidence of risk factors for nonadherence to TB drug therapy in this group.
METHODS
On 28 October 2013 MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsychINFO and ProQuest were systematically searched for studies examining adherence in foreign-born populations with TB. Grey literature and reference lists were hand-searched. Risk factor studies were selected for inclusion if they consisted of at least 95% foreign-born populations.
RESULTS
Of 1761 studies identified in the search, 20 were included in the risk factor review. Undocumented immigration status, older age, and social risk factors were consistently correlated with nonadherence; gender, ethnicity, immigration time, education level, adverse side effects, and HIV status were inconsistently correlated; and behavioural risk factors and marital status were consistently not correlated.
CONCLUSIONS
This review emphasizes documentation status as a risk factor candidate for further investigation.
Topics: Antitubercular Agents; Emigrants and Immigrants; Emigration and Immigration; Europe; Humans; Latent Tuberculosis; Medication Adherence; North America; Risk Factors; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
PubMed: 27198210
DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trw025 -
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry Apr 2018The present study aimed at examining the effectiveness of Gottman couple therapy on improving marital adjustment and couples' intimacy. This was a semi- experimental...
The present study aimed at examining the effectiveness of Gottman couple therapy on improving marital adjustment and couples' intimacy. This was a semi- experimental study with pretest, post-test, and follow-up assessments. A total of 16 couples (32 individuals) were selected using convenience sampling method considering inclusion- exclusion criteria; they were then randomly assigned into experimental (N = 16) and control (N = 16) groups. Participants of the experimental group received ten 45-minute sessions of Gottman's couple therapy. The research tools were Spanier Questionnaire and Walker and Thompson's Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Mixed design MANOVA. Findings revealed that Gottman's couple therapy approach had positive effects on improving marital adjustment (P = 0/001) and couples' intimacy (P = 0/001). Furthermore, the results of assessments in the follow-up period indicated that Gottman's couple therapy had enduring effects on marital adjustment and couples' intimacy. According to the results of the present study, Gottman method can be used as an effective treatment to improve marital relationships, adjustment, and intimacy. Therefore, researchers, therapists, and other authorities should pay particular attention to this method.
PubMed: 29997659
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Education and Health... 2023In recent studies, the deficit in the cognitive process has been investigated as one of the etiological hypotheses in a wide range of obsessive-compulsive disorders...
Comparison of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) with metacognitive therapy (MCT) in objective cognitive information processing style of obsessive-compulsive patients (OCD).
BACKGROUND
In recent studies, the deficit in the cognitive process has been investigated as one of the etiological hypotheses in a wide range of obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD). This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and metacognitive therapy (MCT) on objective cognitive information processing style in obsessive-compulsive patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test plan and a control group was conducted on 45 patients with OCD, matched with gender, age, and educational and marital status. The samples in three groups were selected using the convenience sampling method. Finally, the study participants were randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group and assessed using Pacini and Epstein's rational experimental Inventory (REI) in two stages, pre-test, and post-test. The experimental groups received ACT and MCT weekly during eight and seven sessions and in a group.
RESULTS
The results showed that ACT and MCT are effective at a significant level in the objective cognitive information processing style of obsessive-compulsive patients ( < 0.05). The post-test results showed that the effect of ACT in changing rational processing style is more effective than MCT treatment. Also, the effect of ACT on intuitive processing style changes was greater than on MCT treatment.
CONCLUSION
The findings of this study indicate that ACT and MCT cause a significant change in intuitive style to rationalism in the thematic processing of cognitive information of obsessive-compulsive patients. According to the results, both methods of treatment improve the research variables in these patients.
PubMed: 38144015
DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_40_23