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International Journal of Environmental... Jun 2018European statistics confirm a rise in breast cancer among contemporary women. Those suffering from cancer and undergoing a surgery (mastectomy) are undoubtedly... (Review)
Review
European statistics confirm a rise in breast cancer among contemporary women. Those suffering from cancer and undergoing a surgery (mastectomy) are undoubtedly considered to be in difficult situations. The range of the numerous negative and/or positive emotions, thoughts, and behaviours depend on many psychological factors such as psychological resilience. The authors are currently drawing a report on their own studies where they are trying to determine factors that protect body image resilience in women suffering from breast cancer after mastectomies. The research group consisted of 120 women after a short (up to 2 years) or a long (over 2 years) duration having elapsed since their mastectomy. The results of the research groups show that psychological resilience is a significant protecting factor for the body image that prevents the excessive development of negative self-esteem in post-mastectomy women. Female patients ought to be provided aid in the short time immediately after the procedure and afterwards, when they are less capable of tolerating negative emotions. In order to significantly improve the general body image resilience to emotional and cognitive distortions in post-mastectomy women who experienced breast cancer, it is recommended that psychological interventions (from psychoeducation to psychological assistance and specialist psychotherapy) are conducted systematically throughout the course of treatment.
Topics: Adult; Body Image; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mastectomy; Middle Aged; Protective Factors; Resilience, Psychological; Time Factors
PubMed: 29874874
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061181 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... Jun 2023Breast cancer is the most prevalent from of cancer among women worldwide and leading cause of death. Breast cancer can be treated surgically, systemically (with hormonal... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Effectiveness of Scapular Strengthening Exercises on Shoulder Dysfunction for Pain and Functional Disability after Modified Radical Mastectomy: A Controlled Clinical Trial.
BACKGROUND
Breast cancer is the most prevalent from of cancer among women worldwide and leading cause of death. Breast cancer can be treated surgically, systemically (with hormonal therapy, chemotherapy) or with radiotherapy. Through the years, breast cancers management evolved towards conservation surgery. A surgical remove of partial or complete breast tissue, surrounding tissues, and nearby lymph nodes is called mastectomy. In Modified Radical Mastectomy, there is removal of entire breast tissue and lymph nodes. Treatment of modified radical mastectomy may lead to side effects such as shoulder pain, restricted shoulder mobility and anatomical and biomechanical changes of the shoulder, and also reduce functional disability.
METHOD
Eighty six participants were included in this study. Two groups, each of 43 were made, Group A (control group) was given conventional exercises and Group B (study group) was given scapular strengthening exercises with conventional exercises. Outcome measures - Shoulder Pain And Functional Disability, Shoulder range of motion were assessed both pre and post-test.
RESULT
Group B had lower pain intensity (77.116 ± 5.798vs 82.837 ± 3.860) and functional disability (70.326 ± 5.281 vs 77.791± 5.102) and higher shoulder flexion (167.98 ± 8.230 vs 107.05 ±8.018), abduction (156.91 ± 8.230 vs 107.63 ±8.230) and external rotation (62.372 ± 7.007 vs 41.907 ±6.771) range of motion than Group A.
CONCLUSION
The current study concluded that, scapular strengthening exercises along with conventional treatment proved beneficial and effective rather than only conventional treatment on shoulder dysfunction for pain and functional disability after modified radical mastectomy.
Topics: Humans; Female; Shoulder; Shoulder Pain; Mastectomy, Modified Radical; Breast Neoplasms; Mastectomy; Exercise Therapy
PubMed: 37378941
DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2023.24.6.2099 -
The Medical Journal of Australia Sep 2022Breast cancer is the commonest human cancer globally and one in seven Australian women will develop it in their lifetime. Surgery is the mainstay of management both for... (Review)
Review
Breast cancer is the commonest human cancer globally and one in seven Australian women will develop it in their lifetime. Surgery is the mainstay of management both for women who are at high risk of breast cancer and for those who have been diagnosed. Increased understanding of how to predict who is most at risk of breast cancer is leading to the possibility of risk-based screening, allowing better and more targeted early detection for women at high risk, and contrast imaging techniques are proving more accurate in diagnosing and staging cancer. The evolution of surgical practice includes the widespread use of oncoplastic surgery, allowing better cosmetic and oncological outcomes; reconstructive surgical advances, using free flap techniques; and sequencing of systemic and local therapies to better tailor treatments to the patient's cancer and improve outcomes. Recognition of side effects of breast cancer treatment have led to improvement in the management of conditions such as chronic pain and lymphoedema, as well as addressing the psychosocial, body image and sexual complications caused by the cancer and its treatment.
Topics: Australia; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mammaplasty; Mastectomy; Mastectomy, Segmental; Neoplasm Staging
PubMed: 35988063
DOI: 10.5694/mja2.51678 -
Minerva Ginecologica Oct 2016Mastectomy rates have significantly increased over the last decades, likely due to the rising trend of risk-reducing mastectomies (RRM) in the treatment and prevention... (Review)
Review
Mastectomy rates have significantly increased over the last decades, likely due to the rising trend of risk-reducing mastectomies (RRM) in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer. Growing evidence suggests that aggressive risk-reducing surgical strategies are only justified in high-risk breast cancer situations. Notably, in this selected cohort of women, prophylactic mastectomies offer evident benefit for local and contralateral disease control, and may also provide a survival benefit. Nevertheless, the extent of the increasing frequency of this operation is not explained by the broadening of the medical indications alone. Here we analyze the current evidence regarding RRM, its clinical practice, and possible explanations for the rising phenomenon of aggressive surgical locoregional control strategies.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mastectomy; Risk Factors; Survival
PubMed: 26785281
DOI: No ID Found -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Jun 2020The reconstruction of the nipple-areola complex is the last step in the breast reconstruction process. Several techniques have been described over the years. The aim of... (Review)
Review
The reconstruction of the nipple-areola complex is the last step in the breast reconstruction process. Several techniques have been described over the years. The aim of this review is to provide clarity on the currently available reconstructive options.
Topics: Adult; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mastectomy; Middle Aged; Nipples; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Surgical Flaps
PubMed: 32560062
DOI: 10.3390/medicina56060296 -
Pathologica Dec 2020The idea that neoplasms grow, becoming unresectable through dissemination, which is initially loco-regional, and systemic only in a later stage, is historically at the... (Review)
Review
The idea that neoplasms grow, becoming unresectable through dissemination, which is initially loco-regional, and systemic only in a later stage, is historically at the basis of the radical surgery - where, by 'radical', the old surgery meant the complete removal of the tumor and, in practice, aggressive surgery. Halsted's "radical mastectomy", as well as many principles of surgical anatomy of the first decades of the twentieth century, obey to an idea of tumor progression as a linear process taking place in continuity and contiguity, where the various anatomical layers and the peritumoral desmoplastic reaction are mistaken for a wall of defense against the neoplasm's dissemination, capable of containing and orienting it. However, the investigations of the processes of invasion and metastasis by Rudolf Virchow and Stephel Paget helped to reorient surgical approaches.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Female; History, 20th Century; Humans; Mastectomy; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Metastasis
PubMed: 33393528
DOI: 10.32074/1591-951X-111 -
Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira... 2023Breast cancer treatment has evolved significantly over the years, both in terms of local and systemic approaches. Halsted's radical mastectomy gave way to modified... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Breast cancer treatment has evolved significantly over the years, both in terms of local and systemic approaches. Halsted's radical mastectomy gave way to modified mastectomies and to conservative surgeries, along with breast reconstruction and repair. Although the use of new drugs has directly increased the survival of patients submitted to adjuvant or neoadjuvant systemic therapies, the de-escalation of drugs may also be beneficial in numerous cases. Therefore, breast cancer treatment must be increasingly customized and assessed using a multidisciplinary approach. This study aimed to review the concept and therapy of early breast cancer.
METHODS
A narrative review of the literature was carried out in the PubMed database in December 2022, where the keywords for the searches were as follows: early breast cancer, surgical treatment of breast cancer, systemic treatment of breast cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer, adjuvant treatment of luminal breast cancer, early triple negative tumor, and early positive Her-2 tumor. Articles that were historically important in the treatment of breast cancer and articles that impacted management with scientific relevance were selected for this review.
DISCUSSION
As new evidence continues to update existing knowledge, breast cancer treatment is becoming increasingly personalized and must now take into account the different tumor variants and their clinical stages, the age of patients and relevant comorbidities, as well as personal expectations and desires.
CONCLUSION
This literature review of current studies shows that the primary therapy for patients with early breast cancer continues to be surgery, although a customized and multidisciplinary approach is now required.
Topics: Humans; Female; Breast Neoplasms; Mastectomy; Neoadjuvant Therapy; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
PubMed: 37556633
DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.2023S114 -
Cancer Control : Journal of the Moffitt... 2018Mastectomies for both cancer resection and risk reduction are becoming more common. Existing chest wall irregularities are found in these women presenting for breast... (Review)
Review
Mastectomies for both cancer resection and risk reduction are becoming more common. Existing chest wall irregularities are found in these women presenting for breast reconstruction after mastectomy and can pose reconstructive challenges. Women who desired breast reconstruction after mastectomy were evaluated preoperatively for existing chest wall irregularities. Case reports were selected to highlight common irregularities and methods for improving cosmetic outcome concurrently with breast reconstruction procedures. Muscular anomalies, pectus excavatum, scoliosis, polythelia case reports are discussed. Relevant data from the literature are presented. Chest wall irregularities are occasionally encountered in women who request breast reconstruction. Correction of these deformities is possible and safe during breast reconstruction and can lead to improved cosmetic outcome and patient satisfaction.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Mammaplasty; Mastectomy; Middle Aged; Patient Satisfaction; Scoliosis; Thoracic Wall; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29318956
DOI: 10.1177/1073274817744461 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Oct 2017- Preoperative localization of nonpalpable breast lesions using image-guided wire placement has been a standard of breast imaging, diagnosis, and treatment since its... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
- Preoperative localization of nonpalpable breast lesions using image-guided wire placement has been a standard of breast imaging, diagnosis, and treatment since its development in the 1970s. With this technique, coordinated, same-day wire placement by the radiologist and surgery are required, which can lead to significant inefficiencies in workflow. Other disadvantages of wire localization (WL) include limitations in surgical incision and dissection route and protruding wires that can be both bothersome for the patient and have risk of displacement.
OBJECTIVE
- To outline several recently developed techniques that could replace traditional WL and eliminate its disadvantages. The first developed was radioactive seed localization (RSL) using I-125, a technique adopted by many institutions during the last few years. The challenge to this method, however, is the strict nuclear regulatory requirements, which can be a significant burden and limitation. The disadvantages of WL and RSL have provided incentive for the development of other types of preoperative localization procedures. Two of these are recently US Food and Drug Administration-cleared, nonradioactive, non-wire location technologies emerging as alternatives to WL and RSL; SAVI SCOUT (Cianna Medical Inc, Aliso Viejo, California), which uses infrared light and a microimpulse radar reflector, and Magseed (Endomagnetics Inc, Austin, Texas), which uses a magnetic seed for localization.
DATA SOURCES
- We review the published literature on non-wire location technologies for breast tissue resection.
CONCLUSIONS
- Non-wire location techniques are beneficial, allowing image-guided placement before the day of surgery and resulting in improved workflows. These techniques also eliminate bothersome protruding wires, risk of dislodging, and allow the incision site to be independent from the localization site.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mastectomy, Segmental; Surgery, Computer-Assisted
PubMed: 28968154
DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2017-0214-RA -
Infection Control and Hospital... Oct 2022Prophylactic antibiotics are commonly prescribed at discharge for mastectomy, despite guidelines recommending against this practice. We investigated factors associated...
BACKGROUND
Prophylactic antibiotics are commonly prescribed at discharge for mastectomy, despite guidelines recommending against this practice. We investigated factors associated with postdischarge prophylactic antibiotic use after mastectomy with and without immediate reconstruction and the impact on surgical-site infection (SSI).
STUDY DESIGN
We studied a cohort of women aged 18-64 years undergoing mastectomy between January 1, 2010, and June 30, 2015, using the MarketScan commercial database. Patients with nonsurgical perioperative infections were excluded. Postdischarge oral antibiotics were identified from outpatient drug claims. SSI was defined using (ICD-9-CM) diagnosis codes. Generalized linear models were used to determine factors associated with postdischarge prophylactic antibiotic use and SSI.
RESULTS
The cohort included 38,793 procedures; 24,818 (64%) with immediate reconstruction. Prophylactic antibiotics were prescribed after discharge after 2,688 mastectomy-only procedures (19.2%) and 17,807 mastectomies with immediate reconstruction (71.8%). The 90-day incidence of SSI was 3.5% after mastectomy only and 8.8% after mastectomy with immediate reconstruction. Antibiotics with anti-methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) activity were associated with decreased SSI risk after mastectomy only (adjusted relative risk [aRR], 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55-0.99) and mastectomy with immediate reconstruction (aRR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.73-0.88), respectively. The numbers needed to treat to prevent 1 additional SSI were 107 and 48, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Postdischarge prophylactic antibiotics were common after mastectomy. Anti-MSSA antibiotics were associated with decreased risk of SSI for patients who had mastectomy only and those who had mastectomy with immediate reconstruction. The high numbers needed to treat suggest that potential benefits of postdischarge antibiotics should be weighed against potential harms associated with antibiotic overuse.
Topics: Humans; Female; Mastectomy; Patient Discharge; Aftercare; Breast Neoplasms; Mammaplasty; Surgical Wound Infection; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Staphylococcal Infections
PubMed: 34569458
DOI: 10.1017/ice.2021.400