-
Journal of the American College of... Nov 2017Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors substantially reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but it is presently unclear whether they also... (Review)
Review
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors substantially reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but it is presently unclear whether they also reduce mortality. The list prices of PCSK9 inhibitors in the United States (>$14,500 per year) are >100× higher than generic statins, and only a small fraction of their higher cost is likely to be recovered by prevention of cardiovascular events. The projected cost effectiveness of PCSK9 inhibitors does not meet generally accepted benchmarks for good value in the United States, but their value would be improved by substantial price reductions. For individual patients, the high out-of-pocket costs of PCSK9 inhibitors may impede access and reduce long-term adherence. The budgetary impact of PCSK9 inhibitors would be very large if all potentially eligible patients were treated, which poses dilemmas for policymakers, payers, and society.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Cholesterol, LDL; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Economics, Medical; Health Care Costs; Health Policy; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; PCSK9 Inhibitors; Patient Compliance; Proprotein Convertase 9; Quality-Adjusted Life Years; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Trastuzumab; Treatment Outcome; United States
PubMed: 29169476
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.10.001 -
PharmacoEconomics Jan 2022
Topics: Economics, Medical; Economics, Pharmaceutical; Humans; Publishing
PubMed: 34921351
DOI: 10.1007/s40273-021-01111-9 -
Health Economics Feb 2016
Topics: Cost-Benefit Analysis; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Economics, Medical; Health Care Costs; Health Services Research
PubMed: 26804358
DOI: 10.1002/hec.3321 -
Deutsches Arzteblatt International Jul 2019
Topics: Fees, Medical; Humans
PubMed: 31431241
DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2019.0487b -
Personalized Medicine May 2021Tweetable abstract Health economics and ELSI can be better integrated to consider the family impacts of genetic and genomic testing.
Tweetable abstract Health economics and ELSI can be better integrated to consider the family impacts of genetic and genomic testing.
Topics: Cost-Benefit Analysis; Economics, Medical; Ethics, Medical; Family; Genetic Testing; Humans; Interdisciplinary Research; Legislation, Medical
PubMed: 33728981
DOI: 10.2217/pme-2021-0016 -
Journal of the National Cancer... Jul 2022Cancer screening has long been considered a worthy public health investment. Health economics offers the theoretical foundation and research methodology to understand... (Review)
Review
Cancer screening has long been considered a worthy public health investment. Health economics offers the theoretical foundation and research methodology to understand the demand- and supply-side factors associated with screening and evaluate screening-related policies and interventions. This article provides an overview of health economic theories and methods related to cancer screening and discusses opportunities for future research. We review 2 academic disciplines most relevant to health economics research in cancer screening: applied microeconomics and decision science. We consider 3 emerging topics: cancer screening policies in national as well as local contexts, "choosing wisely" screening practices, and targeted screening efforts for vulnerable subpopulations. We also discuss the strengths and weaknesses of available data sources and opportunities for methodological research and training. Recommendations to strengthen research infrastructure include developing novel data linkage strategies, increasing access to electronic health records, establishing curriculum and training programs, promoting multidisciplinary collaborations, and enhancing research funding opportunities.
Topics: Early Detection of Cancer; Economics, Medical; Forecasting; Humans; Neoplasms; Public Health
PubMed: 35788368
DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgac008 -
Annals of Family Medicine Jul 2018
Topics: Cultural Diversity; Education, Medical; Family Practice; Humans; Social Class; Social Justice; Socioeconomic Factors; United States; Universities
PubMed: 29987072
DOI: 10.1370/afm.2276 -
The Bone & Joint Journal Feb 2016Health economic evaluations potentially provide valuable information to clinicians, health care administrators, and policy makers regarding the financial implications of...
Health economic evaluations potentially provide valuable information to clinicians, health care administrators, and policy makers regarding the financial implications of decisions about the care of patients. The highest quality research should be used to inform decisions that have direct impact on the access to care and the outcome of treatment. However, economic analyses are often complex and use research methods which are relatively unfamiliar to clinicians. Furthermore, health economic data have substantial national, regional, and institutional variability, which can limit the external validity of the results of a study. Therefore, minimum guidelines that aim to standardise the quality and transparency of reporting health economic research have been developed, and instruments are available to assist in the assessment of its quality and the interpretation of results. The purpose of this editorial is to discuss the principal types of health economic studies, to review the most common instruments for judging the quality of these studies and to describe current reporting guidelines. Recommendations for the submission of these types of studies to The Bone & Joint Journal are provided. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:147-51.
Topics: Costs and Cost Analysis; Economics, Medical; Health Services Research; Humans; Orthopedic Procedures; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Research Design
PubMed: 26850417
DOI: 10.1302/0301-620X.98B2.37643 -
Journal of the National Cancer... Jul 2022We reviewed current literature reviews regarding economics of cancer-related health care to identify focus areas and gaps. We searched PubMed for systematic and other... (Review)
Review
We reviewed current literature reviews regarding economics of cancer-related health care to identify focus areas and gaps. We searched PubMed for systematic and other reviews with the Medical Subject Headings "neoplasms" and "economics" published between January 1, 2010, and April 1, 2020, identifying 164 reviews. Review characteristics were abstracted and described. The majority (70.7%) of reviews focused on cost-effectiveness or cost-utility analyses. Few reviews addressed other types of cancer health economic studies. More than two-thirds of the reviews examined cancer treatments, followed by screening (15.9%) and survivorship or end-of-life (13.4%). The plurality of reviews (28.7%) cut across cancer site, followed by breast (20.7%), colorectal (11.6%), and gynecologic (8.5%) cancers. Specific topics addressed cancer screening modalities, novel therapies, pain management, or exercise interventions during survivorship. The results indicate that reviews do not regularly cover other phases of care or topics including financial hardship, policy, and measurement and methods.
Topics: Cost-Benefit Analysis; Delivery of Health Care; Economics, Medical; Female; Humans; Neoplasms; Policy
PubMed: 35788372
DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgac011 -
Acta Cirurgica Brasileira 2019To describe a guide for the construction of a laparoscopic training simulator.
PURPOSE
To describe a guide for the construction of a laparoscopic training simulator.
METHODS
Step-by-step description of an inexpensive and easy to assemble homemade laparoscopic training box, capable of simulating the laparoscopic environment in its peculiarities to enable technical skills training.
RESULTS
The total cost of the materials for the construction of the simulator was US$ 75.00 (about R$ 250.00 "reais") and it can be reduced to US$ 60.00 if the builder judges that there is no need for internal lighting. The use of real trocars imposes the same challenges as real surgeries regarding positioning, visibility and limitation of movements.
CONCLUSION
The proposed economical and efficient alternative can contribute to the teaching and practice of laparoscopic surgical technique worldwide, benefiting surgeons and patients.
Topics: Clinical Competence; Education, Medical; Humans; Laparoscopy; Models, Anatomic; Reproducibility of Results; Simulation Training
PubMed: 31826149
DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020190100000006