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Cancer Genomics & Proteomics 2020Mesonephric carcinoma (MNC) is a rare but notable entity of the female genital tract. While many researchers have acknowledged and studied MNC, much remains unknown on...
BACKGROUND/AIM
Mesonephric carcinoma (MNC) is a rare but notable entity of the female genital tract. While many researchers have acknowledged and studied MNC, much remains unknown on the characteristics of mesonephric remnant (MNR) or hyperplasia (MNH). There has not been any study examining the molecular features of MNR and MNH so far. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of ten uterine mesonephric lesions, including two MNRs without atypia, four MNHs without atypia, and three MNHs with atypia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We reviewed the electronic medical records and all available slides of ten cases from multiple institutions. Targeted sequencing and array comparative genomic hybridization were performed.
RESULTS
Three atypical MNHs displayed nuclear enlargement, mild-to-moderate nuclear pleomorphism, and nuclear membrane irregularity, and harbored pathogenic Kirsten rat sarcoma 2 viral oncogene homolograt sarcoma 2 viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutation. Two of those that co-existed with MNC harbored the same sequence alterations as each of their adjacent MNC. One of the three atypical MNHs harbored chromosome 1q gain.
CONCLUSION
Atypical MNH is a potential premalignant lesion in which KRAS mutation and chromosome 1q gain play an important role in the early stage of mesonephric carcinogenesis.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Biomarkers, Tumor; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1; Female; Gain of Function Mutation; Humans; Hyperplasia; Mesonephroma; Middle Aged; Mutation; Precancerous Conditions; Prognosis; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 33099482
DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20235 -
Diagnostic Pathology Mar 2015HNF-1β is a commonly used marker in the differential diagnosis of clear cell carcinoma of the ovary and endometrium. Recent studies have found HNF-1β expression to a...
BACKGROUND
HNF-1β is a commonly used marker in the differential diagnosis of clear cell carcinoma of the ovary and endometrium. Recent studies have found HNF-1β expression to a lesser extent in other ovarian and endometrial tumors including endometrioid, mucinous and, rarely, serous carcinoma. Regarding cervical carcinoma, HNF-1β expression has been mentioned exceptionally in mesonephric and some other types of adenocarcinoma. However, a systematic analysis of HNF-1β expression in cervical carcinomas has not been performed to date.
METHODS
We analyzed HNF-1β expression in 155 cervical carcinomas (including 56 adenocarcinomas, 85 squamous cell carcinomas and 14 undifferentiated carcinomas). Expression of HNF-1β was correlated with the expression of other markers including estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, CEA, p63, p40, p16, and D2-40.
RESULTS
Adenocarcinomas showed expression of HNF-1β in 42/56 cases (75%), CEA in 48/56 cases (85.7%), p63 in 4/56 cases (7.2%), p40 in 2/56 cases (3.6%), estrogen receptors in 9/56 cases (16.1%), progesterone receptors in 5/56 cases (8.9%), p16 in 56/56 (100%) cases, and D2-40 in 0/56 cases (0%). Squamous cell carcinomas showed expression of HNF-1β in 2/85 cases (2.35%), CEA in 77/85 cases (90.6%), p63 and p40 in 85/85 cases (100%), estrogen receptors in 9/85 cases (10.6%), progesterone receptors in 1/85 cases (1.2%), p16 in 84/85 cases (98.8%), and D2-40 in 45/84 cases (53.6%). Undifferentiated carcinomas showed expression of HNF-1β in 2/14 cases (14.3%), CEA in 8/14 cases (57.1%), p16 in 14/14 cases (100%), hormone receptors in 0/13 cases (0%), p63 in 7/14 cases (50%), p40 in 5/14 cases (35.7%), and D2-40 in 1/14 cases (7.1%).
CONCLUSIONS
In cervical carcinoma, expression of HNF-1β is mostly restricted to adenocarcinomas and can be used as an auxiliary adenocarcinoma marker in the differential diagnosis of poorly differentiated cervical carcinomas. HNF-1β as an adenocarcinoma marker and p63/p40 and D2-40 as a squamous cell carcinoma markers are highly specific with variable sensitivity. Optimal results can be achieved using these markers in a panel.
VIRTUAL SLIDES
The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1348836442160205 .
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Differentiation; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-beta; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Middle Aged; Predictive Value of Tests; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Young Adult
PubMed: 25884453
DOI: 10.1186/s13000-015-0245-9 -
Developmental Period Medicine 2017Vaginal cysts are rare, particularly in the newborn. They usually present as one of these three entities in the newborn: paraurethral cysts (Skene duct cysts), Gartner... (Review)
Review
Vaginal cysts are rare, particularly in the newborn. They usually present as one of these three entities in the newborn: paraurethral cysts (Skene duct cysts), Gartner duct cysts (mesonephric ductal remnants) or a covered ectopic ureter. Abdominal ultrasound should always be included in the clinical evaluation in search of renal anomalies. We report two cases of Gartner cysts in neonates.
Topics: Cysts; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Ultrasonography; Wolffian Ducts
PubMed: 28551690
DOI: 10.34763/devperiodmed.20172101.3537 -
Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira... May 2020INTRODUCTION Zinner's Syndrome is a triad of mesonephric duct anomalies comprising unilateral renal agenesis, seminal vesicle cyst, and ejaculatory duct obstruction. In... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION Zinner's Syndrome is a triad of mesonephric duct anomalies comprising unilateral renal agenesis, seminal vesicle cyst, and ejaculatory duct obstruction. In this study, we present a kidney recipient with ectopic ureter associated with Zinner's syndrome and a literature review. CASE PRESENTATION A 59-year-old male with a history of chronic kidney disease and left renal agenesis underwent deceased donor kidney transplantation. After securing optimal renal functions, the patient underwent abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan for the seroma that occurred under the incision. The final diagnosis was an ectopic distal ureter ending in the seminal vesicle cyst's wall and ipsilateral renal agenesis. The patient was discharged without any complications and the clinical follow up was uneventful. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Congenital seminal vesicle disorders are usually associated with ipsilateral urinary duct anomalies stemming from the same embryonic structure. To our knowledge, this is the first case report that describes kidney transplantation in a patient with ipsilateral renal agenesis and ectopic ureter ending in the seminal vesicle cyst. In patients with renal agenesis, during the ipsilateral urinary tract anastomosis, the possibility of ectopic ureter should be kept in mind otherwise graft loss can occur with a high morbidity rate.
Topics: Cysts; Genital Diseases, Male; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Transplantation; Male; Middle Aged; Seminal Vesicles; Ureter
PubMed: 32638967
DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.66.5.692 -
Urology Case Reports Sep 2018Periurethral mesonephric adenocarcinoma is a rare tumor. To the best of our knowledge, only 13 cases have been reported in the literature to date. We report the case of...
Periurethral mesonephric adenocarcinoma is a rare tumor. To the best of our knowledge, only 13 cases have been reported in the literature to date. We report the case of a 36-year-old lady who presented with periurethral mesonephric adenocarcinoma, treated by surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and pelvic radiotherapy. We demonstrate the unusual histology of mesonephric adenocarcinoma and the necessity to consider this tumor in the differential diagnosis of all unusual genito-urologic tumours. In the present literature, combination of surgery followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the most suitable treatment for locally advanced periurethral mesonephric adenocarcinoma.
PubMed: 29988749
DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2018.06.005 -
In Vivo (Athens, Greece) 2021We describe a rare case of ovarian mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma (MLA) involving the fimbria and mimicking serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC).
Ovarian Mesonephric-like Adenocarcinoma With Multifocal Microscopic Involvement of the Fimbrial Surface: Potential for Misdiagnosis of Tubal Intraepithelial Metastasis as Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinoma Associated With Ovarian High-grade Serous Carcinoma.
BACKGROUND/AIM
We describe a rare case of ovarian mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma (MLA) involving the fimbria and mimicking serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC).
CASE REPORT
A 47-year-old woman presented with a 4.4-cm left ovarian mass. Histologically, the ovarian tumor showed papillary and solid architecture, severe nuclear pleomorphism, and increased mitotic activity. Some microscopic foci where the tumor cells spread horizontally along the fimbrial surface epithelium were noted, compatible with STIC. We initially considered the ovarian tumor to be high-grade serous carcinoma accompanied by a fimbrial STIC. However, immunostaining revealed nuclear immunoreactivity for paired box 2 and GATA-binding protein 3, but lacked expression of Wilms tumor 1. A thorough slide review and additional immunostaining revealed architectural diversity, densely eosinophilic intraluminal secretions, and lack of hormone receptor expression, supporting the diagnosis of MLA.
CONCLUSION
Microscopic intraepithelial metastases of the MLA to the fimbria mimic STIC. We recommend ancillary tests, such as immunostaining, in patients with ovarian tumors whenever possible, particularly for those with differential diagnosis of MLA and high-grade serous carcinoma.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Carcinoma in Situ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous; Diagnostic Errors; Fallopian Tube Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Ovarian Neoplasms
PubMed: 34697203
DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12667 -
Journal of the South African Veterinary... Jan 2017A 9-year-old sterilised female domestic short-hair cat was referred with a history of vomiting and anorexia of 3 months' duration. Biochemistry, full-blood counts,...
A 9-year-old sterilised female domestic short-hair cat was referred with a history of vomiting and anorexia of 3 months' duration. Biochemistry, full-blood counts, thoracic radiographs, feline pancreatic-specific lipase, abdominal ultrasonography and feline immunodeficiency virus/feline leukaemia virus (FIV/FeLV) SNAP tests had been performed. Mild hypochloraemia and moderate hypokalaemia were evident on initial presentation. Abdominal ultrasonography initially revealed unilateral renal nodules on the left side. These were subjected to fine-needle aspiration and cytological evaluation. A neuroendocrine tumour was suspected, and biopsies via midline coeliotomy were taken to confirm the diagnosis. Initial histopathology diagnosed primary renal carcinomas or neuroendocrine neoplasia; however, the definitive diagnosis became renal paragangliomas after immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy were performed. The cat was regularly monitored with serum biochemistry parameters, blood pressure determinations, thoracic radiographs and subsequent abdominal ultrasonography. Biochemistry, radiography and blood pressures remained normal over a 24-week follow-up period, while subsequent ultrasonography revealed tumour progression in both number and size in both kidneys. Primary neuroendocrine tumours of the kidney are frequently incorrectly diagnosed as other renal tumours such as renal cell carcinoma, mesonephric tumours or undifferentiated carcinomas. This case report highlights the importance of additional testing, including immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy, to obtain a definitive diagnosis of paragangliomas.
Topics: Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Female; Immunohistochemistry; Kidney Diseases; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Paraganglioma; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 28155290
DOI: 10.4102/jsava.v88i0.1412 -
Journal of Cancer Research and... Apr 2023Wilms' tumor (or nephroblastoma) is the most common renal malignancy in the pediatric population which consists of blastemal, epithelial, and stromal elements in...
Wilms' tumor (or nephroblastoma) is the most common renal malignancy in the pediatric population which consists of blastemal, epithelial, and stromal elements in variable proportions. The occurrence of renal cysts in children and infants is a rare phenomenon and is possibly an outcome of developmental aberrations in mesonephric blastema. The coincidental association of nephroblastoma with renal cysts is a very rare finding. Here, we describe two cases of Wilms' tumor with an unusual association between glomerulocystic kidney disease and multicystic dysplastic kidney.
Topics: Infant; Child; Humans; Wilms Tumor; Kidney; Kidney Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Kidney Diseases, Cystic
PubMed: 37147970
DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_275_22 -
Modern Pathology : An Official Journal... Nov 2015Mesonephric carcinoma is a rare form of gynecologic cancer derived from mesonephric remnants usually located in the lateral wall of the uterine cervix. An analogous...
Mesonephric carcinoma is a rare form of gynecologic cancer derived from mesonephric remnants usually located in the lateral wall of the uterine cervix. An analogous tumor occurs in the adnexa, female adnexal tumor of probable Wolffian origin. The pathogenesis and molecular events in mesonephric carcinoma are not known. The aim of this study was to examine the molecular alterations in mesonephric carcinoma to identify driver mutations and therapeutically targetable mutations. This study consisted of 19 tumors from 17 patients: 18 mesonephric carcinomas (15 primary tumors and three metastatic tumors) and 1 female adnexal tumor of probable Wolffian origin. In two patients, both primary and metastatic tumors were available. Genomic DNA was isolated and targeted next-generation sequencing was performed to detect mutations, copy number variations, and structural variants by surveying full exonic regions of 300 cancer genes and 113 selected intronic regions across 35 genes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for 1p and 1q was performed in two cases. Eighty-one percent (13/16) of mesonephric carcinomas had either a KRAS (n=12) or NRAS (n=1) mutation. Mutations in chromatin remodeling genes (ARID1A, ARID1B, or SMARCA4) were present in 62% of mesonephric carcinomas. All mesonephric carcinomas lacked mutations in PIK3CA and PTEN. The most common copy number alteration was 1q gain, found in 12 (75%) mesonephric carcinomas; this was confirmed by FISH in two cases. Mesonephric carcinoma is characterized by molecular alterations that differ from those of more common variants of cervical and endometrial adenocarcinoma, which harbor KRAS/NRAS mutations in 7% and 25% of cases, respectively. KRAS/NRAS mutations are common in mesonephric carcinoma and are often accompanied by gain of 1q and mutations in chromatin remodeling genes. Targeting inhibitors of the RAS/MAPK pathway may be useful in the treatment of mesonephric carcinoma.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1; Female; GTP Phosphohydrolases; Gene Expression Profiling; Humans; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Membrane Proteins; Mesonephroma; Middle Aged; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Uterine Neoplasms
PubMed: 26336887
DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2015.103 -
The International Journal of... 2018Programmed cell senescence during embryo development is a recently described process that opens a new perspective to understand the senescence response and that adds a...
Programmed cell senescence during embryo development is a recently described process that opens a new perspective to understand the senescence response and that adds a new player whose contribution to development needs to be addressed. Identifying developmental syndromes with a root in deregulated programmed cell senescence will undoubtedly reinforce our view of senescence and could provide a new angle to confront disease. One of the structures that was initially reported to undergo cellular senescence is the mesonephros. During E12.5-E14.5, before regression, mesonephric tubules are positive for the most widely used marker of cell senescence, SAβG, and negative for proliferation marker, Ki67, in a p21Cip1-dependent manner. PKD2 is one of the genes defective in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Inherited mutations in this gene result in cyst formation in adults after a secondary hit. Polycystin-2 (PC2) protein, the product of PKD2 gene expression, inhibits cell cycle progression by inducing p21Cip1, whereas mutated PKD2 results in increased proliferation and defective differentiation of kidney epithelial cells. Here, we addressed the possibility of defective programmed cell senescence as a consequence of Pkd2 deletion in mice. We analyzed embryos for the expression of the senescence marker SAβG, for the proliferative status of mesonephric tubule cells, and for the expression of p21Cip1, without identifying any noticeable deregulation of cell senescence. Our results exclude defective programmed cell senescence upon Pkd2 ablation as an initial event in ADPKD.
Topics: Animals; Cellular Senescence; Embryonic Development; Mice; Mice, Knockout; TRPP Cation Channels; Wolffian Ducts
PubMed: 30378388
DOI: 10.1387/ijdb.180078mc