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Cell Reports. Medicine Sep 2023Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex metabolic disorder with a global prevalence of 20%-25%. Early identification and intervention would help minimize the global...
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex metabolic disorder with a global prevalence of 20%-25%. Early identification and intervention would help minimize the global burden on healthcare systems. Here, we measured over 400 proteins from ∼20,000 proteomes using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry for 7,890 serum samples from a longitudinal cohort of 3,840 participants with two follow-up time points over 10 years. We then built a machine-learning model for predicting the risk of developing MetS within 10 years. Our model, composed of 11 proteins and the age of the individuals, achieved an area under the curve of 0.774 in the validation cohort (n = 242). Using linear mixed models, we found that apolipoproteins, immune-related proteins, and coagulation-related proteins best correlated with MetS development. This population-scale proteomics study broadens our understanding of MetS and may guide the development of prevention and targeted therapies for MetS.
Topics: Humans; Metabolic Syndrome; Prognosis; Proteomics; Proteome; Machine Learning
PubMed: 37652016
DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101172 -
Gut Microbes 2021The gut microbiota plays an important role in cardio-metabolic diseases with diet being among the strongest modulators of gut microbiota composition and function.... (Review)
Review
The gut microbiota plays an important role in cardio-metabolic diseases with diet being among the strongest modulators of gut microbiota composition and function. Resistant dietary carbohydrates are fermented to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by the gut bacteria. Fiber and omega-3 rich diets increase SCFAs production and abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria. Likewise, SCFAs can improve gut barrier integrity, glucose, and lipid metabolism, regulate the immune system, the inflammatory response, and blood pressure. Therefore, targeting the gut microbiota with dietary strategies leading to increased SCFA production may benefit cardio-metabolic health. In this review, we provide an overview of the association between diet, SCFAs produced by the gut microbiota and cardio-metabolic diseases. We first discuss the association between the human gut microbiota and cardio-metabolic diseases, then investigate the role of SCFAs and finally explore the beneficial effects of specific dietary interventions that can improve cardio-metabolic outcomes through boosting the SCFA production.
Topics: Bacteria; Cardiometabolic Risk Factors; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diet; Energy Metabolism; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gastrointestinal Tract; Humans; Metabolic Syndrome
PubMed: 33764858
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1897212 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Oct 2022This review covers erectile dysfunction (ED) in men with metabolic syndrome. Men suffering from metabolic syndrome, and all its components, are at increased risk of ED.... (Review)
Review
This review covers erectile dysfunction (ED) in men with metabolic syndrome. Men suffering from metabolic syndrome, and all its components, are at increased risk of ED. Men with ED should be metabolically screened with BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, HbA1c and lipids. Components of the metabolic syndrome should be well-controlled as first step in treating ED using lifestyle changes and pharmaceutical therapies. Symptomatic treatments include phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, penile injections, intraurethral medication, vacuum pumps and penile implants.
Topics: Male; Humans; Erectile Dysfunction; Metabolic Syndrome; Penile Prosthesis; Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
PubMed: 36305253
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2021Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and infertility are two afflictions with a high prevalence in the general population. MetS is a global health problem increasing worldwide,... (Review)
Review
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and infertility are two afflictions with a high prevalence in the general population. MetS is a global health problem increasing worldwide, while infertility affects up to 12% of men. Despite the high prevalence of these conditions, the possible impact of MetS on male fertility has been investigated by a few authors only in the last decade. In addition, underlying mechanism(s) connecting the two conditions have been investigated in few preclinical studies. The aim of this review is to summarize and critically discuss available clinical and preclinical studies on the role of MetS (and its treatment) in male fertility. An extensive Medline search was performed identifying studies in the English language. While several studies support an association between MetS and hypogonadism, contrasting results have been reported on the relationship between MetS and semen parameters/male infertility, and the available studies considered heterogeneous MetS definitions and populations. So far, only two meta-analyses in clinical and preclinical studies, respectively, evaluated this topic, reporting a negative association between MetS and sperm parameters, testosterone and FSH levels, advocating, however, larger prospective investigations. In conclusion, a possible negative impact of MetS on male reproductive potential was reported; however, larger studies are needed.
Topics: Animals; Diet, High-Fat; Humans; Infertility, Male; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Prevalence; Reproduction; Semen
PubMed: 33671459
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041988 -
Neurobiology of Disease Feb 2020
Topics: Aging; Animals; Brain; Cognition; Humans; Metabolic Syndrome
PubMed: 31786368
DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104698 -
Chest Jan 2024Both the incidence of lung cancer and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been increasing worldwide. The relationship between MetS and lung cancer remains...
BACKGROUND
Both the incidence of lung cancer and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been increasing worldwide. The relationship between MetS and lung cancer remains controversial.
RESEARCH QUESTION
What is the risk of lung cancer associated with MetS and its components?
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS
Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of MetS-related variables on lung cancer risk, both overall and by histologic subtype, in the UK Biobank. Stratified analyses were conducted by sex, tobacco use status, and use of medication. HR curves were used to test the nonlinear associations between the metabolic markers and the risk of lung cancer.
RESULTS
Of the 331,877 participants included in this study, a total of 77,173 participants had a diagnosis of MetS at enrollment. During a median follow-up of 10.9 years, lung cancer as the primary site developed in 2,425 participants. The HRs of MetS were 1.21 (95% CI, 1.09-1.33), 1.28 (95% CI, 1.10-1.50), and 1.16 (95% CI, 0.94-1.44) for the overall risk of lung cancer, adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma, respectively. The HRs increased with the number of metabolic abnormalities from 1.11 to approximately 1.4 or 1.5 for those with one to five disorders. Positive association with lung cancer was observed for low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), elevated waist circumference, and hyperglycemia. The relationship between MetS and lung cancer was modified by sex, with a stronger effect in female patients (P = .031). The risk of lung cancer resulting from MetS was elevated mainly among individuals who used tobacco, although the modification effect of tobacco use was not statistically significant. A nonlinear association was found between lung cancer and HDL-C, waist circumference, and glycated hemoglobin.
INTERPRETATION
The increased risk of lung cancer associated with MetS suggests the importance of taking metabolic status and markers into consideration for the primary prevention of lung cancer and the selection of high-risk populations for lung cancer screening.
Topics: Humans; Female; Metabolic Syndrome; Prospective Studies; Lung Neoplasms; Early Detection of Cancer; Risk Factors
PubMed: 37572975
DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.08.003 -
Journal of Endocrinological... Jun 2023Parathyroid diseases are related to parathyroid hormone (PTH) dysregulation by parathyroid cells or alteration of PTH function. They include hyperparathyroidism (PTH... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Parathyroid diseases are related to parathyroid hormone (PTH) dysregulation by parathyroid cells or alteration of PTH function. They include hyperparathyroidism (PTH excess), hypoparathyroidism (PTH deficiency) and pseudohypoparathyroidism (PTH resistance). Little is known about correlation between parathyroid diseases and metabolic syndrome (MetS).
METHODS
An electronic-based search using PubMed was performed until October 2022 and articles were selected based on relevance of title, abstract, English language and publication in peer-reviewed journals.
RESULTS
Possible association between PTH alterations and the diverse manifestation of MetS have been proposed and it could be supposed that MetS may negatively influence parathyroid diseases. Available data show significant association for hyperparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism.
CONCLUSIONS
This review highlights the possible implications between MetS and parathyroid diseases. Given the increasing MetS global prevalence and the higher parathyroid diseases awareness and diagnosis, it may be interesting to further explore the possible role of alterations in parathyroid homeostasis in the development of MetS components with dedicated prospective studies.
Topics: Humans; Metabolic Syndrome; Prospective Studies; Parathyroid Diseases; Parathyroid Hormone; Hypoparathyroidism; Pseudohypoparathyroidism; Hyperparathyroidism
PubMed: 36773188
DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02018-2 -
Cell Metabolism Nov 2018The extent to which microbiota alterations define or influence the outcome of metabolic diseases is still unclear, but the byproducts of microbiota metabolism are known...
The extent to which microbiota alterations define or influence the outcome of metabolic diseases is still unclear, but the byproducts of microbiota metabolism are known to have an important role in mediating the host-microbiota interaction. Here, we identify that in both pre-clinical and clinical settings, metabolic syndrome is associated with the reduced capacity of the microbiota to metabolize tryptophan into derivatives that are able to activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. This alteration is not merely an effect of the disease as supplementation with AhR agonist or a Lactobacillus strain, with a high AhR ligand-production capacity, leads to improvement of both dietary- and genetic-induced metabolic impairments, particularly glucose dysmetabolism and liver steatosis, through improvement of intestinal barrier function and secretion of the incretin hormone GLP-1. These results highlight the role of gut microbiota-derived metabolites as a biomarker and as a basis for novel preventative or therapeutic interventions for metabolic disorders.
Topics: Animals; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Limosilactobacillus reuteri; Ligands; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Probiotics; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; Tryptophan
PubMed: 30057068
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.07.001 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2021
Topics: Female; Humans; Infertility; Insulin Resistance; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity
PubMed: 34858352
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.784716 -
International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2020Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of metabolic derangements, including central obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, glucose intolerance, and... (Review)
Review
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of metabolic derangements, including central obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, glucose intolerance, and dyslipidemia. The pathogenesis of MetS has been intensively studied, and now many factors are recognized to contribute to the development of MetS. Among these, trace elements influence the structure of proteins, enzymes, and complex carbohydrates, and thus an imbalance in trace elements is an independent risk factor for MetS. The molecular link between trace elements and metabolic homeostasis has been established, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have appeared as key regulators bridging these two elements. This is because on one hand, PPARs are actively involved in various metabolic processes, such as abdominal adiposity and insulin sensitivity, and on the other hand, PPARs sensitively respond to changes in trace elements. For example, an iron overload attenuates hepatic mRNA expression of ; zinc supplementation is considered to recover the DNA-binding activity of PPAR-α, which is impaired in steatotic mouse liver; selenium administration downregulates mRNA expression of , thereby improving lipid metabolism and oxidative status in the liver of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. More importantly, PPARs' expression and activity are under the control of the circadian clock and show a robust 24 h rhythmicity, which might be the reasons for the side effects and the clinical limitations of trace elements targeting PPARs. Taken together, understanding the casual relationships among trace elements, PPARs' actions, and the pathogenesis of MetS is of great importance. Further studies are required to explore the chronopharmacological effects of trace elements on the diurnal oscillation of PPARs and the consequent development of MetS.
Topics: Animals; Dietary Supplements; Disease Susceptibility; Humans; Metabolic Syndrome; Metals; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors; Peroxisomes; Trace Elements
PubMed: 32283758
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072612