-
Journal of the American Chemical Society Dec 2020Emergent quantum phenomena in electronically coupled two-dimensional heterostructures are central to next-generation optical, electronic, and quantum information...
Emergent quantum phenomena in electronically coupled two-dimensional heterostructures are central to next-generation optical, electronic, and quantum information applications. Tailoring electronic band gaps in coupled heterostructures would permit control of such phenomena and is the subject of significant research interest. Two-dimensional polymers (2DPs) offer a compelling route to tailored band structures through the selection of molecular constituents. However, despite the promise of synthetic flexibility and electronic design, fabrication of 2DPs that form electronically coupled 2D heterostructures remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we report the rational design and optimized synthesis of electronically coupled semiconducting 2DP/2D transition metal dichalcogenide van der Waals heterostructures, demonstrate direct exfoliation of the highly crystalline and oriented 2DP films down to a few nanometers, and present the first thickness-dependent study of 2DP/MoS heterostructures. Control over the 2DP layers reveals enhancement of the 2DP photoluminescence by two orders of magnitude in ultrathin sheets and an unexpected thickness-dependent modulation of the ultrafast excited state dynamics in the 2DP/MoS heterostructure. These results provide fundamental insight into the electronic structure of 2DPs and present a route to tune emergent quantum phenomena in 2DP hybrid van der Waals heterostructures.
Topics: Disulfides; Electrons; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Molybdenum; Polymers
PubMed: 33284624
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c10151 -
NIR-responsive molybdenum (Mo)-based nanoclusters enhance ROS scavenging for osteoarthritis therapy.Pharmacological Research Jun 2023Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders globally, and treating OA remains a significant challenge. Currently, pharmacological...
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders globally, and treating OA remains a significant challenge. Currently, pharmacological treatments primarily aim to alleviate the OA symptoms associated with inflammation and pain, and no disease-modifying therapies are available to delay OA development and progression. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an essential role in OA development and progression, which are a promising target for curing OA. In this study, it was found that photothermal properties of near-infrared (NIR) irradiation enhanced the ROS scavenging activity of molybdenum-based polyoxometalate (POM) nanoclusters. Because of enhanced ROS scavenging, NIR-responsive POM nanoclusters were developed as novel excellent nano-antioxidants for OA protection. The results demonstrated that NIR-responsive POM exhibited outstanding antioxidant activity and superexcellent anti-inflammatory effects, which could effectively alleviate the clinical symptoms of OA mice, diminish inflammatory cytokines, reduce catabolic proteases, and mitigate the progression of OA. Meanwhile, the local treatment had no side effects on normal tissues. Thus, this study pioneered the application of POM for alleviating OA with expected safety and efficiency.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Molybdenum; Reactive Oxygen Species; Osteoarthritis; Inflammation; Antioxidants
PubMed: 37061147
DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106768 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2023This review article deals with the pathways of cellular and global molybdate distribution in plants, especially with a full overview for the model plant . In its... (Review)
Review
This review article deals with the pathways of cellular and global molybdate distribution in plants, especially with a full overview for the model plant . In its oxidized state as bioavailable molybdate, molybdenum can be absorbed from the environment. Especially in higher plants, molybdenum is indispensable as part of the molybdenum cofactor (Moco), which is responsible for functionality as a prosthetic group in a variety of essential enzymes like nitrate reductase and sulfite oxidase. Therefore, plants need mechanisms for molybdate import and transport within the organism, which are accomplished via high-affinity molybdate transporter (MOT) localized in different cells and membranes. Two different MOT families were identified. Legumes like or have an especially increased number of MOT1 family members for supplying their symbionts with molybdate for nitrogenase activity. In especially, the complete pathway followed by molybdate through the plant is traceable. Not only the uptake from soil by MOT1.1 and its distribution to leaves, flowers, and seeds by MOT2-family members was identified, but also that inside the cell. the transport trough the cytoplasm and the vacuolar storage mechanisms depending on glutathione were described. Finally, supplying the Moco biosynthesis complex by MOT1.2 and MOT2.1 was demonstrated.
Topics: Humans; Molybdenum; Arabidopsis; Homeostasis; Biological Transport
PubMed: 38202623
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010040 -
Nutrients Mar 2022Diabetes is expected to increase up to 700 million people worldwide with type 2 diabetes being the most frequent. The use of nutritional interventions is one of the most...
Diabetes is expected to increase up to 700 million people worldwide with type 2 diabetes being the most frequent. The use of nutritional interventions is one of the most natural approaches for managing the disease. Minerals are of paramount importance in order to preserve and obtain good health and among them molybdenum is an essential component. There are no studies about the consumption of biofortified food with molybdenum on glucose homeostasis but recent studies in humans suggest that molybdenum could exert hypoglycemic effects. The present study aims to assess if consumption of lettuce biofortified with molybdenum influences glucose homeostasis and whether the effects would be due to changes in gastrointestinal hormone levels and specifically Peptide YY (PYY), Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1), Glucagon-Like Peptide 2 (GLP-2), and Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (GIP). A cohort of 24 people was supplemented with biofortified lettuce for 12 days. Blood and urine samples were obtained at baseline (T0) and after 12 days (T2) of supplementation. Blood was analyzed for glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, β-cell function, and insulin sensitivity, PYY, GLP-1, GLP-2 and GIP. Urine samples were tested for molybdenum concentration. The results showed that consumption of lettuce biofortified with molybdenum for 12 days did not affect beta cell function but significantly reduced fasting glucose, insulin, insulin resistance and increased insulin sensitivity in healthy people. Consumption of biofortified lettuce did not show any modification in urine concentration of molybdenum among the groups. These data suggest that consumption of lettuce biofortified with molybdenum improves glucose homeostasis and PYY and GIP are involved in the action mechanism.
Topics: Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Food, Fortified; Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Glucagon-Like Peptide 2; Glucose; Homeostasis; Humans; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Lactuca; Molybdenum; Peptide YY
PubMed: 35405964
DOI: 10.3390/nu14071351 -
International Journal of Occupational... Jan 2020Nanoparticles of transition metal dichalcogenides, particularly of molybdenum (Mo), have gained a lot of focus due to their exceptional physicochemical properties and... (Review)
Review
Nanoparticles of transition metal dichalcogenides, particularly of molybdenum (Mo), have gained a lot of focus due to their exceptional physicochemical properties and the growing number of technological applications. These nanoparticles are also considered as potential therapeutic tools, biosensors or drug carriers. It is crucial to thoroughly examine their biocompatibility and ensure safe usage. The aim of this review is to analyze the available data on the biological effects of different nanoforms of elemental Mo and its compounds. In the reviewed publications, different conditions were described, including different experimental models, examined nanoforms, and their used concentrations. Due to these differences, the results are rather difficult to compare. Various studies classify Mo related nanomaterials as very toxic, mildly toxic or non-toxic. Similarly, the mechanisms of toxicity proposed in some studies are different, including oxidative stress induction, physical membrane disruption or DNA damage. Quite promising, however, are the potential medical applications of MoS nanoparticles in therapy of cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Further studies on biocompatibility of nanomaterials based on Mo compounds are warranted. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2020;33(1):1-19.
Topics: Animals; DNA Damage; Humans; Molybdenum; Nanoparticles; Oxidative Stress
PubMed: 31749447
DOI: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01411 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2019This paper mainly focuses on the application of nanostructured MoO materials in both energy and environmental catalysis fields. MoO has wide tunability in bandgap, a... (Review)
Review
This paper mainly focuses on the application of nanostructured MoO materials in both energy and environmental catalysis fields. MoO has wide tunability in bandgap, a unique semiconducting structure, and multiple valence states. Due to the natural advantage, it can be used as a high-activity metal oxide catalyst, can serve as an excellent support material, and provide opportunities to replace noble metal catalysts, thus having broad application prospects in catalysis. Herein, we comprehensively summarize the crystal structure and properties of nanostructured MoO and highlight the recent significant research advancements in energy and environmental catalysis. Several current challenges and perspective research directions based on nanostructured MoO are also discussed.
Topics: Catalysis; Crystallography; Molecular Structure; Molybdenum; Nanostructures; Oxides; Photochemical Processes; Water
PubMed: 31861563
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010018 -
Journal of Comparative Pathology Oct 2022Molybdate (MoO) and tetrathiomolybdate (MoS) supplementation of rats via drinking water had opposite effects on the establishment of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis larvae...
Effects of Molybdate and Tetrathiomolybdate Supplementation of Drinking Water on Immature Rats Infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. 2. Copper Status and Tissue Molybdenum Accretion.
Molybdate (MoO) and tetrathiomolybdate (MoS) supplementation of rats via drinking water had opposite effects on the establishment of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis larvae but both induced hypercupraemia, temporarily inhibited activities of superoxide dismutase in liver and duodenum after infection and enlarged the femoral head. Effects of MoO and MoS on activities of caeruloplasmin oxidase (CpO) in plasma, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (ESOD) and tissue copper (Cu) and molybdenum (Mo) were compared to test the hypothesis that species lacking a rumen can thiolate MoO. Three groups of 18 immature Wistar rats were given Mo (70 mg/L as MoO) or MoS (5 mg/L) via drinking water or remained untreated; all received a commercial, cubed diet and 12 from each group were infected with larvae of N. brasiliensis. Rats were killed 7-9 days later and liver, kidney, spleen, heart, muscle (quadriceps), brain and bone (femur) removed for Cu and Mo analysis. Plasma Cu was greatly increased by MoO and MoS, without changing CpO activity, but the effect was more variable with MoO and accompanied by a smaller decrease in ESOD. Tissue Cu and Mo were increased by MoS in all tissues examined except brain and bone, correlating with plasma Cu and with each other; relationships were strongest in spleen, followed by kidney. MoO also increased soft tissue Cu and Mo but increases were generally smaller than those induced by MoS and correlations between the two elements and with plasma Cu generally weaker. Since hypercupraemia and correlated increases in liver and kidney Cu and Mo are characteristic of systemic thiomolybdate (TM) exposure, we conclude that MoO was partially thiolated to give a different TM profile from that produced by MoS. The pathophysiological significance of systemic exposure to di- and tri-TM merits investigation in non-ruminants as agents of chelation therapy and in ruminants as agents of short-lived TM toxicity on Mo-rich pastures.
Topics: Animals; Ceruloplasmin; Copper; Dietary Supplements; Drinking Water; Liver; Molybdenum; Nippostrongylus; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Superoxide Dismutase
PubMed: 36209706
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2022.08.001 -
Advanced Science (Weinheim,... Sep 2022Programmable smart materials that can respond locally to specific stimuli hold great potential for many applications, but controllable fabrication of these materials...
Programmable smart materials that can respond locally to specific stimuli hold great potential for many applications, but controllable fabrication of these materials remains challenging. This work reports the development of novel programmable anisotropic materials with both magnetic and photothermal stimuli-responsiveness, which are fabricated by anchoring thermosensitive poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAm) and magnetic Fe O nanoparticles on the surface of MoS nanosheets. Further embedding PNIPAm-MoS /Fe O into 3D-printed hydrogel cubes results in stimuli-responsive building blocks, and the magnetic field can precisely control their orientation and near-infrared (NIR) light absorbing property. Particularly, the variation of the orientation of MoS /Fe O block results in obvious changes of their photothermal efficiency and optical property. By exploiting the anisotropy of MoS /Fe O and their NIR light responsiveness, thermally-induced phase transitions in individual 3D printed hydrogel building block can be locally controlled for magnetic field-assisted programming a quick response (QR) code. Alternatively, fluorescent QR code with high contrast and security level can be achieved by photothermal-induced release of fluorescent dyes. These 3D printed magnetically programmed hydrogels hold great potential for application in information storage, intelligent materials, and precise therapy.
Topics: Anisotropy; Hydrogels; Magnetic Phenomena; Molybdenum; Nanoparticles
PubMed: 35859231
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202173 -
FEBS Letters Jan 2023Nitrogenase is the sole enzyme responsible for the ATP-dependent conversion of atmospheric dinitrogen into the bioavailable form of ammonia (NH ), making this protein... (Review)
Review
Nitrogenase is the sole enzyme responsible for the ATP-dependent conversion of atmospheric dinitrogen into the bioavailable form of ammonia (NH ), making this protein essential for the maintenance of the nitrogen cycle and thus life itself. Despite the widespread use of the Haber-Bosch process to industrially produce NH , biological nitrogen fixation still accounts for half of the bioavailable nitrogen on Earth. An important feature of nitrogenase is that it operates under physiological conditions, where the equilibrium strongly favours ammonia production. This biological, multielectron reduction is a complex catalytic reaction that has perplexed scientists for decades. In this review, we explore the current understanding of the molybdenum nitrogenase system based on experimental and computational research, as well as the limitations of the crystallographic, spectroscopic, and computational techniques employed. Finally, essential outstanding questions regarding the nitrogenase system will be highlighted alongside suggestions for future experimental and computational work to elucidate this essential yet elusive process.
Topics: Nitrogenase; Nitrogen Fixation; Molybdenum; Ammonia; Oxidation-Reduction; Nitrogen
PubMed: 36344435
DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14534 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2019From the rediscovery of graphene in 2004, the interest in layered graphene analogs has been exponentially growing through various fields of science. Due to their unique... (Review)
Review
From the rediscovery of graphene in 2004, the interest in layered graphene analogs has been exponentially growing through various fields of science. Due to their unique properties, novel two-dimensional family of materials and especially transition metal dichalcogenides are promising for development of advanced materials of unprecedented functions. Progress in 2D materials synthesis paved the way for the studies on their hybridization with other materials to create functional composites, whose electronic, physical or chemical properties can be engineered for special applications. In this review we focused on recent progress in graphene-based and MoS hybrid nanostructures. We summarized and discussed various fabrication approaches and mentioned different 2D and 3D structures of composite materials with emphasis on their advances for electroanalytical chemistry. The major part of this review provides a comprehensive overview of the application of graphene-based materials and MoS composites in the fields of electrochemical sensors and biosensors.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic; Disulfides; Electrochemical Techniques; Graphite; Molybdenum; Nanocomposites; Nanotechnology
PubMed: 31533260
DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183374