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Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral... Mar 2023During second wave of COVID pandemic, India faced heavy surge of mucormycosis. Treatment option for these patients included either total or partial maxillectomy with...
AIM
During second wave of COVID pandemic, India faced heavy surge of mucormycosis. Treatment option for these patients included either total or partial maxillectomy with primary closure. Rehabilitation of these patients became challenging because of their age and size of defect. The purpose of the present study is to present a new digital technique for the fabrication of patient-specific zygoma implants (PSI) and to report on its survival and complication rates.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Total 21 patients who had undergone either partial or total maxillectomy after mucormycosis and who were disease-free clinically and radiographically for 6 or more months post-resection were rehabilitated using patient-specific zygoma implant. CT scan was obtained for all patients post-maxillectomy for evaluation of existing bone condition. Exocad software was used for virtual surgical planning of zygoma implant considering surgical and prosthetic technicality to achieve goal of maximum functionality and sustainability.
RESULT
All the patients were followed up after 15, 30, 45 and 90 days and there after every month for evaluation of soft tissue healing, infection, dehiscence, loosening of prosthesis, eating efficiency and aesthetic. Follow-up period for all 15 patients was in the range of 6-12 months.
CONCLUSION
In case of post-mucor maxillectomy patients, use of PSI offers the advantages of minimal bone augmentation, reduction in time required to restore lost function, and reduced financial burden of multiple procedures. Therefore, PSI may represent a valid alternative treatment for the prosthetic restoration of post-mucor maxillectomy patients.
PubMed: 36776348
DOI: 10.1007/s12663-023-01847-1 -
Chinese Medical Journal Apr 2022
Review
Topics: Aspergillosis; Humans; Mucor; Mucormycosis
PubMed: 34759224
DOI: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000001839 -
Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Nov 2023Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is an opportunistic pathogenic fungal disease caused by the fungus mucor, and it is a life-threatening fungal infection. The... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is an opportunistic pathogenic fungal disease caused by the fungus mucor, and it is a life-threatening fungal infection. The ulceration on the skin of the head and neck, accompanied by rhinitis, headache, orbital inflammation, and eyelid edema, should raise a high suspicion of Mucor infection in diabetic patients with inadequately controlled blood glucose.
CASE DESCRIPTION
The clinical data of a patient with ROCM were analyzed retrospectively, and the clinical features were analyzed. The patient was admitted to the hospital with "diabetic hyperosmotic coma" after presenting with fatigue, poor appetite, and disturbances in consciousness as initial symptoms. After improving relevant examinations, controlling underlying diseases, and administering antifungal treatment, the final clinical outcome was death.
CONCLUSION
ROCM is more prevalent in patients with uncontrolled diabetes and varied clinical manifestations. The characteristic feature is an eschar-like necrosis of the local skin or mucosa. The gold criteria for diagnosis are pathology and fungal culture; imaging examination does not reveal any specific manifestations. Early diagnosis and effective treatment are the keys.
Topics: Humans; Mucormycosis; Retrospective Studies; Orbital Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus; Antifungal Agents
PubMed: 38018593
DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1080 -
Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2021Patients with severe COVID-19, such as individuals in intensive care units (ICU), are exceptionally susceptible to bacterial and fungal infections. The most prevalent... (Review)
Review
Patients with severe COVID-19, such as individuals in intensive care units (ICU), are exceptionally susceptible to bacterial and fungal infections. The most prevalent fungal infections are aspergillosis and candidemia. Nonetheless, other fungal species (for instance, spp., spp., spp., spp.) have recently been increasingly linked to opportunistic fungal diseases in COVID-19 patients. These fungal co-infections are described with rising incidence, severe illness, and death that is associated with host immune response. Awareness of the high risks of the occurrence of fungal co-infections is crucial to downgrade any arrear in diagnosis and treatment to support the prevention of severe illness and death directly related to these infections. This review analyses the fungal infections, treatments, outcome, and immune response, considering the possible role of the microbiome in these patients. The search was performed in Medline (PubMed), using the words "fungal infections COVID-19", between 2020-2021.
PubMed: 34575758
DOI: 10.3390/jof7090720 -
Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2023Mucormycetes, a heterogeneous group of fungi, induce a life-threatening disease called mucormycosis. Immune deficiencies represent a major risk factor; hence, we wanted...
BACKGROUND
Mucormycetes, a heterogeneous group of fungi, induce a life-threatening disease called mucormycosis. Immune deficiencies represent a major risk factor; hence, we wanted to illuminate the role of complement and platelets in the defense against mucormycetes.
METHODS
(), (), (), (), (), and () spores were opsonized with human and mouse serum, and C1q, C3c, and terminal complement complex (C5b-9) deposition was measured. Additionally, thrombocytopenic, C3-deficient, or C6-deficient mice were intravenously infected with selected isolates. Survival and immunological parameters were monitored, and fungal burden was determined and compared to that of immunocompetent and neutropenic mice.
RESULTS
In vitro experiments showed significant differences in complement deposition between mucormycetes. isolates bound up to threefold more human C5b-9 than other mucormycetes. , , and bound high levels of murine C3c, whereas human C3c deposition was reduced on compared to and . Murine C3c deposition negatively correlated with virulence. Complement deficiencies and neutropenia, but not thrombocytopenia, were shown to be a risk factor for a lethal outcome.
CONCLUSION
Complement deposition varies between mucormycetes. Additionally, we demonstrated that complement and neutrophilic granulocytes, but not platelets, play an important role in a murine model of disseminated mucormycosis.
PubMed: 36836277
DOI: 10.3390/jof9020162 -
Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2020During the last few decades, mucormycosis has emerged as one of the most common fungal infections, following candidiasis and aspergillosis. The fungal order responsible... (Review)
Review
During the last few decades, mucormycosis has emerged as one of the most common fungal infections, following candidiasis and aspergillosis. The fungal order responsible for causing mucormycosis is the Mucorales. The main hallmarks of this infection include the invasion of blood vessels, infarction, thrombosis, and tissue necrosis, which are exhibited at the latest stages of the infection. Therefore, the diagnosis is often delayed, and the rapid progression of the infection severely endangers the life of people suffering from diabetes mellitus, hematological malignancies, or organ transplantation. Given the fact that mortality rates for mucormycosis range from 40 to 80%, early diagnosis and novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to battle the infection. However, compared to other fungal infections, little is known about the host immune response against Mucorales and the influence of inflammatory processes on the resolution of the infection. Hence, in this review, we summarized our current understanding of the interplay among pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and the host-immune cells in response to mucoralean fungi, as well as their potential use for immunotherapies.
PubMed: 32957440
DOI: 10.3390/jof6030173 -
ACG Case Reports Journal Dec 2022Mucormycosis is an invasive fungal infection due to molds in the order . These opportunistic pathogens found in soil or decaying organic matter mostly affect...
Mucormycosis is an invasive fungal infection due to molds in the order . These opportunistic pathogens found in soil or decaying organic matter mostly affect immunocompromised hosts. Rhino-orbital-cerebral, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, cutaneous, and disseminated patterns are possible. We describe a case of angioinvasive colonic mucormycosis in a patient with recent diabetic ketoacidosis and undiagnosed colon adenocarcinoma. The diagnosis was made on histopathology after the patient developed intestinal ischemia and underwent hemicolectomy. This case highlights the potentially diverse manifestations of infections, typical and atypical risk factors, and the index of suspicion necessary for early diagnosis and outcome optimization.
PubMed: 36561492
DOI: 10.14309/crj.0000000000000907 -
Iranian Journal of Microbiology Feb 2015Given the importance of rapid diagnosis for fungal rhinosinusitis, this study aimed to evaluate the use of nested PCR to identify Aspergillus and Mucor species in...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Given the importance of rapid diagnosis for fungal rhinosinusitis, this study aimed to evaluate the use of nested PCR to identify Aspergillus and Mucor species in clinical samples from patients with suspected fungal rhinosinusitis.
METHODS
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery specimens were collected from 98 patients with rhinosinusitis from 2012 to 2013. All samples were ground and cultured on sabouraud dextrose agar. The isolated fungi were identified based on their macroscopic and microscopic features. Fungal DNA was extracted from the tissue samples and nested PCR was performed with two sets of primers for Mucor and Aspergillus.
RESULTS
Direct microscopic showed that 5.1% contained fungal components and 9.2% exhibited growth of fungi in culture. The most common agents isolated were Aspergillus fumigatus (n= 3), Aspergillus flavus (n=2), Penicillium sp (n=3) and Alternaria sp. (n=1). Mucor sp. was identified in the pathology smear from 1 patient. Positive results for fungal rhinosinusitis were obtained for a total of 10.2% by culture or pathology smear. Positive PCR results were obtained in 72 samples for Aspergillus and 31 samples for Mucor.
CONCLUSION
Our results suggest that endoscopic sinus surgery specimens are not suitable for nested PCR, probably because of the accumulation of fungi that contaminate the environmental air. This drawback is a limiting factor for diagnosis with nasal cavity specimens. Therefore, molecular methods and conventional culture techniques are helpful complementary diagnostic methods to detect fungal rhinosinusitis and determine appropriate management for these patients.
PubMed: 26644876
DOI: No ID Found -
Current Biology : CB Aug 2016Newly available genome sequences of two Mucoralean fungi, Phycomyces blakesleeanus and Mucor circinelloides, provide evidence for an ancient whole-genome duplication...
Newly available genome sequences of two Mucoralean fungi, Phycomyces blakesleeanus and Mucor circinelloides, provide evidence for an ancient whole-genome duplication that contributed to the generation of expanded gene families. These fungi have robust responses to light that can be correlated with the expansion of gene networks involved in light sensing and signaling.
Topics: Fungi; Mucor; Phycomyces; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 27554660
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.06.049 -
Biomolecules May 2021Submerged mycelial cultures of the ascomycete CCTU A372 were found to produce five previously undescribed tetramic acids, for which we propose the trivial names...
Submerged mycelial cultures of the ascomycete CCTU A372 were found to produce five previously undescribed tetramic acids, for which we propose the trivial names colposetins A-C (-) and colpomenoic acids A and B ( and ), along with the known compounds penicillide () and monodictyphenone (). The planar structures of - were determined by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESIMS) and extensive 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Their absolute configurations were determined by the combination of electronic circular dischroism (ECD) analysis, -based configurational analysis, and a rotating-frame Overhauser effect spectroscopy (ROESY) experiment. Colposetin B displayed weak antimicrobial activity against and (MIC 67 µg/mL).
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Ascomycota; Bacillus subtilis; Iran; Mucor; Mycelium; Pyrrolidinones
PubMed: 34067463
DOI: 10.3390/biom11060783