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International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2021Handball is among the disciplines that impose a significant degree of asymmetry on the body movement. The aim of the study is to assess the influence of physical effort...
Handball is among the disciplines that impose a significant degree of asymmetry on the body movement. The aim of the study is to assess the influence of physical effort on the occurrence of asymmetry in body musculature and in isometric strength of handball players. The study examined 36 professional handball players. Players' height and body mass were measured as to calculate their body mass indexes (BMIs). Segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis (SBIA) was used to assess: the percentage of fat mass, total muscle mass (MM), musculature of the right and left side of the body, and body segments (trunk, upper and lower limbs). Moreover, grip strength was also measured. The assessment confirmed the existence of discrepancies in the right and left sides of players' bodies for the majority of the parameters. Cross-asymmetry and significant bilateral discrepancies in trunk musculature were also observed. Morphological asymmetry may impact performance in sports since it can cause unfavorable functional changes, which in turn increase the risk of injury and conditions caused by overexertion. Therefore, we believe it is important to emphasize the importance of individualized symmetrization during sports practice and consistent monitoring of the asymmetries occurring in different body parts; this should both improve one's sports results and minimize the risk of injury.
Topics: Hand Strength; Humans; Movement; Muscle Strength; Muscles; Physical Exertion; Sports
PubMed: 33669467
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041913 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Dec 2023There is limited evidence regarding the association between muscle strength and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).
BACKGROUND
There is limited evidence regarding the association between muscle strength and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).
AIM
To investigate the association between muscle strength and MAFLD in the general population in Korea.
METHODS
This nationwide representative cross-sectional study included 31649 individuals aged ≥ 19 years who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2015 and 2018. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for MAFLD according to sex-specific quartiles of muscle strength, defined by relative handgrip strength, were calculated using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Additionally, multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between muscle strength and probable liver fibrosis in patients with MAFLD.
RESULTS
Of all the participants, 29.3% had MAFLD. The prevalence of MAFLD was significantly higher in the lower muscle strength quartile groups for all participants, sexes, and age groups ( < 0.001). A 1.92-fold (OR = 1.92, 95%CI: 1.70-2.16) and 3.12-fold (OR = 3.12, 95%CI: 2.64-3.69) higher risk of MAFLD was observed in the lowest quartile (Q1) group than in the other groups (Q2-Q4) and the highest quartile (Q4) group, respectively. The ORs of MAFLD were significantly increased in the lower muscle strength quartile groups in a dose-dependent manner ( for trend < 0.001). These associations persisted in both sexes. An inverse association between muscle strength and the risk of MAFLD was observed in all subgroups according to age, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. In patients with MAFLD, the odds of severe liver fibrosis were higher in Q1 (OR = 1.83, 95%CI: 1.25-2.69) than in other groups (Q2-Q4).
CONCLUSION
Among Korean adults, low muscle strength was associated with an increased risk of MAFLD and liver fibrosis in patients with MAFLD.
Topics: Adult; Female; Male; Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Hand Strength; Nutrition Surveys; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Liver Cirrhosis; Muscle Strength
PubMed: 38131000
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i45.5962 -
The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging 2022We aimed to examine the association of muscle evaluation, including muscle ultrasound, with hospital-associated disability (HAD), focusing on ADL categories. (Observational Study)
Observational Study
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to examine the association of muscle evaluation, including muscle ultrasound, with hospital-associated disability (HAD), focusing on ADL categories.
DESIGN
A prospective observational cohort study.
SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS
We recruited patients aged 65 years or older who were admitted to the geriatric ward of an acute hospital between October 2019 and September 2021.
MEASUREMENTS
Handgrip strength, bioimpedance analyzer-determined skeletal muscle mass, bilateral thigh muscle thickness (BATT), and the echo intensity of the rectus femoris on muscle ultrasound were performed as muscle assessments. HAD was evaluated separately for mobility impairments and self-care impairments.
RESULTS
In total, 256 individuals (mean age, 85.2 years; male sex, 41.8%) were analyzed. HAD in mobility was more common than HAD in self-care (37.5% vs. 30.0%). Only BATT was independently associated with HAD in mobility in multiple logistic regression analysis. There was no significant association between muscle indicators and HAD in self-care.
CONCLUSION
A lower BATT was associated with a higher prevalence of HAD in mobility, suggesting the need to reconsider muscle assessment methods in hospitalized older adults. In addition, approaches other than physical may be required, such as psychosocial and environmental interventions to improve HAD in self-care.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Disability Evaluation; Hand Strength; Hospitals; Humans; Male; Muscle Strength; Muscle, Skeletal; Prospective Studies; Sarcopenia
PubMed: 35842758
DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1814-8 -
International Journal of Environmental... Oct 2022We hypothesized that a combined index of upper and lower body muscle strength would be more strongly associated with diabetes than either measure alone. Women recruited...
We hypothesized that a combined index of upper and lower body muscle strength would be more strongly associated with diabetes than either measure alone. Women recruited into the Integrated Women's Health Program had their handgrip strength (HGS) measured using a dynamometer and underwent a timed 5-repetition chair stand (RCS) test. HGS < 18 kg and RCS performance ≥ 12 s assessed upper and lower body strength, respectively, both individually and combined in a muscle strength index (MSI). Diabetes was defined as physician-diagnosed, use of anti-diabetic medication, or fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L. Binary logistic regression examined the associations between muscle strength and diabetes. Of 1170 midlife women, 12.1% had diabetes. A low HGS was independently associated with diabetes (aOR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.44). Prolonged RCS was also associated with diabetes (aOR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.30), but this was not independent of visceral adiposity and muscle mass. A poor MSI had higher odds of diabetes (aOR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.40, 4.03), independent of age, ethnicity, education level, menopausal status, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, height, visceral adiposity, and muscle mass. The combination of both upper and lower body muscle strength into a composite MSI was more strongly associated with diabetes than either weak HGS or prolonged RCS alone in midlife women.
Topics: Humans; Female; Hand Strength; Blood Glucose; Muscle Strength; Exercise; Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed: 36294234
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013654 -
International Journal of Environmental... May 2021Functional mobility and muscle strength are well known risk factors for sarcopenia. Furthermore, possible associations have been suggested between predisposing factors...
BACKGROUND
Functional mobility and muscle strength are well known risk factors for sarcopenia. Furthermore, possible associations have been suggested between predisposing factors of sarcopenia and reaction time among the elderly. This study aims to analyze possible associations of functional mobility and muscle strength and reaction times in a population of people aged >60 years.
METHODS
A total of 290 older people (69.35 ± 5.55 years) participated in this study. The following parameters were assessed: optoacoustic lower-limb reaction time (OALLRT); acoustic lower-limb reaction time (ALLRT); optic lower-limb reaction time (OLLRT, using an optical detection system), functional mobility (through the timed up-and-go test) and muscle strength (using a dynamometer).
RESULTS
Our results show that lower values of muscle strength were associated with increased reaction times in OALLRT (β = -0.170; 95% confidence interval -0.011-0.000; R = 0.237; = 0.035) and in ALLRT (β = -0.228; 95% confidence interval -0.011-0.002; R = 0.199; = 0.006).
CONCLUSION
Increased muscle strength (which at low values are risk factors for sarcopenia) was associated with decreased reaction times in people >60 years of age.
Topics: Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Hand Strength; Humans; Muscle Strength; Muscle, Skeletal; Physical Functional Performance; Reaction Time
PubMed: 34072660
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115893 -
Physical Therapy in Sport : Official... Nov 2023To compare hip muscle strength and functional performance in football players with and without hip dysplasia and investigate if the relationships were modified by sex.
OBJECTIVE
To compare hip muscle strength and functional performance in football players with and without hip dysplasia and investigate if the relationships were modified by sex.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional study.
METHODS
This study compared football players with hip dysplasia (HD group) and without hip dysplasia (control group). Hip muscle strength (Nm/kg) and functional task performance were assessed in both groups. Linear regression with generalized estimating equations were used to assess differences between groups. Sex was assessed as a potential effect modifier.
RESULTS
101 football players were included (HD group, n = 50, control group, n = 51). There was no difference in hip muscle strength or functional performance between the HD group and the control group. Results ranged from hip extension strength (Estimate -0.13.95%CI: 0.29 to 0.02, P = 0.087) to hip external rotation strength (Estimate 0.00.95%CI: 0.05 to 0.05, P = 0.918). No relationships were modified by sex or age.
CONCLUSIONS
Similar levels of hip muscle strength and functional performance were found in active football players with and without hip dysplasia. These findings differ from other studies. This may be due to our cohort having less advanced hip dysplasia than the surgical populations that have been previously investigated, or due to a beneficial effect of football participation on muscle strength and functional performance in people with hip dysplasia.
Topics: Humans; Football; Hip Joint; Hip Dislocation; Cross-Sectional Studies; Muscle Strength; Groin
PubMed: 37598519
DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2023.08.002 -
Nutrients Aug 2023The main objective of the current study was to perform a systematic literature review with the purpose of exploring the impact of long-chain -3 polyunsaturated fatty... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The main objective of the current study was to perform a systematic literature review with the purpose of exploring the impact of long-chain -3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-3 PUFA) relative to control oil supplementation on muscle strength, with secondary outcomes of muscle mass and physical function in older individuals under conditions of habitual physical activity/exercise. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021267011) and followed the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. The search for relevant studies was performed utilizing databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) up to June 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in older adults comparing the effects of LC-3 PUFA with a control oil supplement on muscle strength were included. Five studies involving a total of 488 participants (348 females and 140 males) were identified that met the specified inclusion criteria and were included. Upon analyzing the collective data from these studies, it was observed that supplementation with LC-3 PUFA did not have a significant impact on grip strength (standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.61, 95% confidence interval [-0.05, 1.27]; = 0.07) in comparison to the control group. However, there was a considerable level of heterogeneity among the studies ( = 90%; < 0.001). As secondary outcomes were only measured in a few studies, with significant heterogeneity in methods, meta-analyses of muscle mass and functional abilities were not performed. Papers with measures of knee extensor muscle mass as an outcome ( = 3) found increases with LC-3 PUFA supplementation, but studies measuring whole body lean/muscle mass ( = 2) and functional abilities ( = 4) reported mixed results. With a limited number of studies, our data indicate that LC-3 PUFA supplementation has no effect on muscle strength or functional abilities in older adults but may increase muscle mass, although, with only a few studies and considerable heterogeneity, further work is needed to confirm these findings.
Topics: Female; Male; Humans; Aged; Muscle Strength; Hand Strength; Dietary Supplements; Fatty Acids; Muscle, Skeletal; Fatty Acids, Omega-3
PubMed: 37630768
DOI: 10.3390/nu15163579 -
International Journal of Environmental... Oct 2022The trunk strength conventional ratio (CR) has been evaluated. However, the functional ratio and the ratio of strength to body weight (BW) or muscle mass (MM) have been...
BACKGROUND
The trunk strength conventional ratio (CR) has been evaluated. However, the functional ratio and the ratio of strength to body weight (BW) or muscle mass (MM) have been poorly explored. Relative strength is a measure of muscle quality.
OBJECTIVES
To analyze the trunk strength ratio normalized by BW and MM and compare the trunk's conventional and functional ratios collected in isokinetic and isometric conditions.
METHODS
Twenty-seven healthy males (21.48 ± 2.08 years, 70.22 ± 7.65 kg) were evaluated for trunk isometric and isokinetic strength using a functional electromechanical dynamometer.
RESULTS
The extensor's strength was greater than the flexors, with a CR of 0.41 ± 0.10 to 0.44 ± 0.10. Muscle quality was higher in eccentric contraction and high velocity for flexors and extensors. The functional flexor ratio (FFR) ranged between 0.41 ± 0.09 and 0.92 ± 0.27. The functional extensor ratio (FER) ranged between 2.53 ± 0.65 and 4.92 ± 1.26. The FFR and FER showed significant differences between velocities when considering the peak strength ( = 0.001) and mean strength ( = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Trunk extensors were stronger than the flexors; thus, the CR was less than one. Muscle quality was higher at a high velocity. Unlike CR, FFR and FER behaved differently at distinct velocities. This finding highlights the need to explore the behavior of the functional ratio in different populations.
Topics: Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Male; Muscle Strength; Muscle, Skeletal; Pilot Projects
PubMed: 36231973
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912673 -
International Journal of Environmental... Dec 2021Grip strength and walking speed are considered to be important indicators of physical frailty. However, no study has contemporaneously examined any association of...
Grip strength and walking speed are considered to be important indicators of physical frailty. However, no study has contemporaneously examined any association of multiple oral functions with grip strength and walking speed. The purpose of this study was to examine which oral functions are associated with muscle strength (grip strength), physical performance (walking speed) or both. The study participants were 511 community-dwelling people (254 men and 257 women) aged 77-81 years old. Six oral functions-oral wetness, occlusal force, tongue-lip motor function, tongue pressure, masticatory performance and swallowing function-were measured. Grip strength and walking speed were also measured. A partial correlation analysis, adjusted for gender, showed that occlusal force, tongue-lip motor function, masticatory performance and swallowing function were significantly associated with both grip strength and walking speed. In addition, tongue pressure was significantly associated with grip strength. A general linear model showed that tongue pressure and occlusal force were significantly associated with grip strength. Swallowing function and tongue-lip motor function were significantly associated with walking speed. It is suggested that there are different oral function measures for muscle strength and physical performance, and these oral function measures could be a useful proxy for physical frailty.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Hand Strength; Humans; Japan; Male; Muscle Strength; Physical Functional Performance; Pressure; Tongue
PubMed: 34948808
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413199 -
Irish Journal of Medical Science Oct 2022Symptoms related to Coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) and quarantine measures have caused pulmonary function abnormality and impaired respiratory mechanics. However, no...
BACKGROUND
Symptoms related to Coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) and quarantine measures have caused pulmonary function abnormality and impaired respiratory mechanics. However, no studies are evaluating pulmonary functions and respiratory muscle strength in female volleyball players according to COVID-19 status in the pandemic.
AIMS
This study aims to compare pulmonary functions and respiratory muscle strength in female players with and without COVID-19.
METHODS
Seventeen players (23.47 ± 5.89 years) who were recovered from COVID-19 and 25 female volleyball players (20.48 ± 5.05 years) who were not infected by SARS-CoV-2 were included in the study. Maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure, pulmonary functions, body composition, symptom severity, and perceptions of performance were evaluated.
RESULTS
Measured and predicted percent maximal inspiratory pressure and measured maximal expiratory pressure values of COVID-19 players were statistically significantly lower than non-COVID-19 players (p < 0.05). Dynamic lung volumes were similar in groups (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength in COVID-19 players were more affected compared with non-COVID-19 players. Pulmonary functions were mostly preserved in COVID-19 players. Respiratory muscle weakening can affect the performance of female players. Therefore, respiratory muscle strength training could be suggested in female players with COVID-19 to increase respiratory muscle strength and prevent deterioration in performance. TRIAL REGISTRATION (CLINICALTRIALS.GOV): Registration ID: NCT04789512.
Topics: Adult; COVID-19; Female; Humans; Muscle Strength; Respiratory Muscles; SARS-CoV-2; Volleyball; Young Adult
PubMed: 34748144
DOI: 10.1007/s11845-021-02849-z