-
International Journal of Environmental... Oct 2019Nursing students often experience anxiety and stress when taking exams that test their fundamental nursing skills. Complementary alternative methods, such as... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
PURPOSE
Nursing students often experience anxiety and stress when taking exams that test their fundamental nursing skills. Complementary alternative methods, such as aromatherapy and music therapy, have effectively alleviated such negative emotions among nursing students. However, few studies have examined the effects of combined therapy interventions or compared the effects of different interventions. This study identified the individual and combined effects of aromatherapy and music therapy on test anxiety, state anxiety, stress, and fundamental nursing skills among nursing students in Korea.
METHODS
A double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial design was used. The study was conducted at the nursing college at Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Ninety-eight sophomore female nursing students participated in the study. Subjects were randomly categorized under three groups: aromatherapy ( = 32), music therapy ( = 32), and aromatherapy combined with music therapy ( = 34). Aromatherapy was carried out through the inhalation method using an aroma lamp and three drops of and . Music therapy was carried out using Beethoven's . Twenty-minute interventions were performed in separate rooms before an exam was administered. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires, including demographics, test anxiety, state anxiety, and stress. Participants' Foley catheterization skill was likewise evaluated.
RESULTS
Aromatherapy combined with music therapy had a significant effect on test anxiety (F = 4.29, = 0.016), state anxiety (F = 4.77, = 0.011), stress (F = 4.62, = 0.012), and performance of fundamental nursing skills (F = 8.04, = 0.001) compared with aromatherapy and music therapy as separate interventions.
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that nursing education that includes aromatherapy combined with music therapy may be effective for improving the performance of fundamental nursing skills and reducing anxiety and stress among nursing students.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Aromatherapy; Education, Nursing; Female; Humans; Male; Music Therapy; Oils, Volatile; Seoul; Stress, Psychological; Students, Nursing; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult
PubMed: 31671873
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16214185 -
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular... 2022Stroke is associated with a high rate of disability and mortality, and survivors are usually accompanied with dysphagia, aphasia, motor dysfunction, cognitive... (Review)
Review
Stroke is associated with a high rate of disability and mortality, and survivors are usually accompanied with dysphagia, aphasia, motor dysfunction, cognitive impairment, depression, and other complications. In the past decades, many studies have been conducted to reveal the pathogenesis and pathological mechanisms of stroke. Furthermore, treatment methods have been developed that contribute to the elevated survival rate of stroke patients. Early rehabilitation poststroke is starting to be recognized as important and has been receiving increasing attention in order to further improve the quality of life of the patients. As an emerging method of poststroke rehabilitation, music therapy can help attenuate dysphagia and aphasia, improve cognition and motor function, alleviate negative moods, and accelerate neurological recovery in stroke patients. This review helps summarize the recent progress that has been made using music therapy in stroke rehabilitation and is aimed at providing clinical evidence for the treatment of stroke patients.
Topics: Deglutition Disorders; Humans; Music Therapy; Quality of Life; Stroke; Stroke Rehabilitation
PubMed: 35757506
DOI: 10.1155/2022/9386095 -
Psychiatria Danubina 2021In a woman's life, pregnancy is a unique experience accompanied by significant physiological, biochemical, and psychological changes that can affect mental health...
INTRODUCTION
In a woman's life, pregnancy is a unique experience accompanied by significant physiological, biochemical, and psychological changes that can affect mental health status. Participation in preventive activities during pregnancy has an impact on better emotional state after childbirth.
DISCUSSION
The therapeutic effects of listening to music on the health of mother and child have been proven in numerous studies. Listening to music during pregnancy contributes to a better sense of well - being and less pronounced symptoms of postpartum depression. Scientific evidence confirms the effects of music therapy on the level of stress and anxiety in pregnant women, but also calmer children and better emotional bonding. The application of GIM therapy - music - induced imagination - also provides significant results in strengthening psychological resilience.
CONCLUSION
Music therapy is a simple, non - pharmacological and safe method that significantly contributes to mental health in pregnancy and after childbirth. The application of music therapy has a scientific potential that offers many ideas for the development of medical - music research.
Topics: Anxiety; Child; Depression, Postpartum; Female; Humans; Mental Health; Music Therapy; Parturition; Pregnancy
PubMed: 34718319
DOI: No ID Found -
The British Journal of Surgery Jun 2018This study aimed to evaluate anxiety and pain following perioperative music interventions compared with control conditions in adult patients. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to evaluate anxiety and pain following perioperative music interventions compared with control conditions in adult patients.
METHODS
Eleven electronic databases were searched for full-text publications of RCTs investigating the effect of music interventions on anxiety and pain during invasive surgery published between 1 January 1980 and 20 October 2016. Results and data were double-screened and extracted independently. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to calculate effect sizes as standardized mean differences (MDs). Heterogeneity was investigated in subgroup analyses and metaregression analyses. The review was registered in the PROSPERO database as CRD42016024921.
RESULTS
Ninety-two RCTs (7385 patients) were included in the systematic review, of which 81 were included in the meta-analysis. Music interventions significantly decreased anxiety (MD -0·69, 95 per cent c.i. -0·88 to -0·50; P < 0·001) and pain (MD -0·50, -0·66 to -0·34; P < 0·001) compared with controls, equivalent to a decrease of 21 mm for anxiety and 10 mm for pain on a 100-mm visual analogue scale. Changes in outcome corrected for baseline were even larger: MD -1·41 (-1·89 to -0·94; P < 0·001) for anxiety and -0·54 (-0·93 to -0·15; P = 0·006) for pain. Music interventions provided during general anaesthesia significantly decreased pain compared with that in controls (MD -0·41, -0·64 to -0·18; P < 0·001). Metaregression analysis found no significant association between the effect of music interventions and age, sex, choice and timing of music, and type of anaesthesia. Risk of bias in the studies was moderate to high.
CONCLUSION
Music interventions significantly reduce anxiety and pain in adult surgical patients.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Humans; Music Therapy; Pain Measurement; Pain, Postoperative
PubMed: 29665028
DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10853 -
Journal of Hospice and Palliative... Aug 2021Integrative hospice and palliative care is a philosophy of treatment framing patients as whole persons composed of interrelated systems. The interdisciplinary treatment...
Integrative hospice and palliative care is a philosophy of treatment framing patients as whole persons composed of interrelated systems. The interdisciplinary treatment team is subsequently challenged to consider ethical and effective provision of holistic services that concomitantly address these systems at the end of life through cotreatment. Nurses and music therapists, as direct care professionals with consistent face-to-face contact with patients and caregivers, are well positioned to collaborate in providing holistic care. This article introduces processes of referral, assessment, and treatment that nurses and music therapists may engage in to address family support, spirituality, bereavement, and telehealth. Clinical vignettes are provided to illustrate how cotreatment may evolve and its potential benefits given diverse circumstances. As part of this framing, music therapy is positioned as a core-rather than alternative or complementary-service in hospice that satisfies the required counseling services detailed in Medicare's Conditions of Participation for hospice providers. The systematic and intentional partnering of nurses and music therapists can provide patients and caregivers access to quality comprehensive care that can cultivate healthy transitions through the dying process.
Topics: Aged; Hospice Care; Hospices; Humans; Medicare; Music Therapy; Palliative Care; United States
PubMed: 33631776
DOI: 10.1097/NJH.0000000000000747 -
Deutsches Arzteblatt International Nov 2015Music therapy has been used successfully for over 30 years as part of palliative care programs for severely ill patients. There is nonetheless a lack of high-quality... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Music therapy has been used successfully for over 30 years as part of palliative care programs for severely ill patients. There is nonetheless a lack of high-quality studies that would enable an evidence-based evaluation of its psychological and physiological effects.
METHODS
In a randomized controlled trial, 84 hospitalized patients in palliative care were assigned to one of two treatment arms--music therapy and control. The music therapy intervention consisted of two sessions of live music-based relaxation exercises; the patients in the control group listened to a verbal relaxation exercise. The primary endpoints were self-ratings of relaxation, well-being, and acute pain, assessed using visual analog scales. Heart rate variability and health-related quality of life were considered as secondary outcomes. The primary data analysis was performed according to the intention-to-treat principle.
RESULTS
Analyses of covariance revealed that music therapy was more effective than the control treatment at promoting relaxation (F = 13.7; p <0.001) and well-being (F = 6.41; p = 0.01). This effect was supported by a significantly greater increase in high-frequency oscillations of the heart rate (F = 8.13; p = 0.01). Music therapy did not differ from control treatment with respect to pain reduction (F = 0.4; p = 0.53), but it led to a significantly greater reduction in the fatigue score on the quality-of-life scale (F = 4.74; p = 0.03).
CONCLUSION
Music therapy is an effective treatment with a low dropout rate for the promotion of relaxation and well-being in terminally ill persons undergoing palliative care.
Topics: Cancer Pain; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Germany; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Music Therapy; Pain Management; Pain Measurement; Palliative Care; Patient Satisfaction; Quality of Life; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 26806566
DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2015.0788 -
BMC Palliative Care May 2020Patients with advanced cancer, receiving at-home palliative care, are subject to numerous symptoms that are changeable and often require attention, a stressful situation... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Patients with advanced cancer, receiving at-home palliative care, are subject to numerous symptoms that are changeable and often require attention, a stressful situation that also impacts on the family caregiver. It has been suggested that music therapy may benefit both the patient and the caregiver. We propose a study to analyse the efficacy and cost utility of a music intervention programme, applied as complementary therapy, for cancer patients in palliative care and for their at-home caregivers, compared to usual treatment.
METHOD
A randomised, double-blind, multicentre clinical trial will be performed in cancer patients in at-home palliative care and their family caregivers. The study population will include two samples of 40 patients and two samples of 41 caregivers. Participants will be randomly assigned either to the intervention group or to the control group. The intervention group will receive a seven-day programme including music sessions, while the control group will receive seven sessions of (spoken word) therapeutic education. In this study, the primary outcome measure is the assessment of patients' symptoms, according to the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System, and of the overload experienced by family caregivers, measured by the Caregiver Strain Index. The secondary outcomes considered will be the participants' health-related quality of life, their satisfaction with the intervention, and an economic valuation.
DISCUSSION
This study is expected to enhance our understanding of the efficacy and cost-utility of music therapy for cancer patients in palliative care and for their family caregivers. The results of this project are expected to be applicable and transferrable to usual clinical practice for patients in home palliative care and for their caregivers. The approach described can be incorporated as an additional therapeutic resource within comprehensive palliative care. To our knowledge, no previous high quality studies, based on a double-blind clinical trial, have been undertaken to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of music therapy. The cost-effectiveness of the project will provide information to support decision making, thereby improving the management of health resources and their use within the health system.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
The COMTHECARE study is registered at Clinical Trials.gov, NCT04052074. Registered 9 August, 2019.
Topics: Adult; Caregivers; Clinical Protocols; Double-Blind Method; Female; Home Care Services; Humans; Male; Music Therapy; Neoplasms; Palliative Care
PubMed: 32359361
DOI: 10.1186/s12904-020-00570-9 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Oct 2021This is an update of the review published on the Cochrane Library in 2016, Issue 8. Having cancer may result in extensive emotional, physical and social suffering. Music... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
This is an update of the review published on the Cochrane Library in 2016, Issue 8. Having cancer may result in extensive emotional, physical and social suffering. Music interventions have been used to alleviate symptoms and treatment side effects in people with cancer. This review includes music interventions defined as music therapy offered by trained music therapists, as well as music medicine, which was defined as listening to pre-recorded music offered by medical staff.
OBJECTIVES
To assess and compare the effects of music therapy and music medicine interventions for psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2020, Issue 3) in the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE via Ovid, Embase via Ovid, CINAHL, PsycINFO, LILACS, Science Citation Index, CancerLit, CAIRSS, Proquest Digital Dissertations, ClinicalTrials.gov, Current Controlled Trials, the RILM Abstracts of Music Literature, http://www.wfmt.info/Musictherapyworld/ and the National Research Register. We searched all databases, except for the last two, from their inception to April 2020; the other two are no longer functional, so we searched them until their termination date. We handsearched music therapy journals, reviewed reference lists and contacted experts. There was no language restriction.
SELECTION CRITERIA
We included all randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials of music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in adults and pediatric patients with cancer. We excluded patients undergoing biopsy and aspiration for diagnostic purposes.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Two review authors independently extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias. Where possible, we presented results in meta-analyses using mean differences and standardized mean differences. We used post-test scores. In cases of significant baseline difference, we used change scores. We conducted separate meta-analyses for studies with adult participants and those with pediatric participants. Primary outcomes of interest included psychological outcomes and physical symptoms and secondary outcomes included physiological responses, physical functioning, anesthetic and analgesic intake, length of hospitalization, social and spiritual support, communication, and quality of life (QoL) . We used GRADE to assess the certainty of the evidence.
MAIN RESULTS
We identified 29 new trials for inclusion in this update. In total, the evidence of this review rests on 81 trials with a total of 5576 participants. Of the 81 trials, 74 trials included adult (N = 5306) and seven trials included pediatric (N = 270) oncology patients. We categorized 38 trials as music therapy trials and 43 as music medicine trials. The interventions were compared to standard care. Psychological outcomes The results suggest that music interventions may have a large anxiety-reducing effect in adults with cancer, with a reported average anxiety reduction of 7.73 units (17 studies, 1381 participants; 95% confidence interval (CI) -10.02 to -5.44; very low-certainty evidence) on the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory scale (range 20 to 80; lower values reflect lower anxiety). Results also suggested a moderately strong, positive impact of music interventions on depression in adults (12 studies, 1021 participants; standardized mean difference (SMD): -0.41, 95% CI -0.67 to -0.15; very low-certainty evidence). We found no support for an effect of music interventions on mood (SMD 0.47, 95% CI -0.02 to 0.97; 5 studies, 236 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Music interventions may increase hope in adults with cancer, with a reported average increase of 3.19 units (95% CI 0.12 to 6.25) on the Herth Hope Index (range 12 to 48; higher scores reflect greater hope), but this finding was based on only two studies (N = 53 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Physical outcomes We found a moderate pain-reducing effect of music interventions (SMD -0.67, 95% CI -1.07 to -0.26; 12 studies, 632 adult participants; very low-certainty evidence). In addition, music interventions had a small treatment effect on fatigue (SMD -0.28, 95% CI -0.46 to -0.10; 10 studies, 498 adult participants; low-certainty evidence). The results suggest a large effect of music interventions on adult participants' QoL, but the results were highly inconsistent across studies, and the pooled effect size was accompanied by a large confidence interval (SMD 0.88, 95% CI -0.31 to 2.08; 7 studies, 573 participants; evidence is very uncertain). Removal of studies that used improper randomization methods resulted in a moderate effect size that was less heterogeneous (SMD 0.47, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.88, P = 0.02, I = 56%). A small number of trials included pediatric oncology participants. The findings suggest that music interventions may reduce anxiety but this finding was based on only two studies (SMD -0.94, 95% CI -1.9 to 0.03; very low-certainty evidence). Due to the small number of studies, we could not draw conclusions regarding the effects of music interventions on mood, depression, QoL, fatigue or pain in pediatric participants with cancer. The majority of studies included in this review update presented a high risk of bias, and therefore the overall certainty of the evidence is low. For several outcomes (i.e. anxiety, depression, pain, fatigue, and QoL) the beneficial treatment effects were consistent across studies for music therapy interventions delivered by music therapists. In contrast, music medicine interventions resulted in inconsistent treatment effects across studies for these outcomes.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review indicates that music interventions compared to standard care may have beneficial effects on anxiety, depression, hope, pain, and fatigue in adults with cancer. The results of two trials suggest that music interventions may have a beneficial effect on anxiety in children with cancer. Too few trials with pediatric participants were included to draw conclusions about the treatment benefits of music for other outcomes. For several outcomes, music therapy interventions delivered by a trained music therapist led to consistent results across studies and this was not the case for music medicine interventions. Moreover, evidence of effect was found for music therapy interventions for QoL and fatigue but not for music medicine interventions. Most trials were at high risk of bias and low or very low certainty of evidence; therefore, these results need to be interpreted with caution.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Child; Humans; Music; Music Therapy; Neoplasms; Quality of Life
PubMed: 34637527
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006911.pub4 -
Progress in Brain Research 2015Music listening and music making activities are powerful tools to engage multisensory and motor networks, induce changes within these networks, and foster links between... (Review)
Review
Music listening and music making activities are powerful tools to engage multisensory and motor networks, induce changes within these networks, and foster links between distant, but functionally related brain regions with continued and life-long musical practice. These multimodal effects of music together with music's ability to tap into the emotion and reward system in the brain can be used to facilitate and enhance therapeutic approaches geared toward rehabilitating and restoring neurological dysfunctions and impairments of an acquired or congenital brain disorder. In this article, we review plastic changes in functional networks and structural components of the brain in response to short- and long-term music listening and music making activities. The specific influence of music on the developing brain is emphasized and possible transfer effects on emotional and cognitive processes are discussed. Furthermore, we present data on the potential of using musical tools and activities to support and facilitate neurorehabilitation. We will focus on interventions such as melodic intonation therapy and music-supported motor rehabilitation to showcase the effects of neurologic music therapies and discuss their underlying neural mechanisms.
Topics: Brain; Humans; Music; Music Therapy; Nervous System Diseases; Neuronal Plasticity
PubMed: 25725918
DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2014.11.029 -
Neural Plasticity 2019The primary aim of this viewpoint article is to examine recent literature on fetal and neonatal processing of music. In particular, we examine the behavioral,... (Review)
Review
The primary aim of this viewpoint article is to examine recent literature on fetal and neonatal processing of music. In particular, we examine the behavioral, neurophysiological, and neuroimaging literature describing fetal and neonatal music perception and processing to the first days of term equivalent life. Secondly, in light of the recent systematic reviews published on this topic, we discuss the impact of music interventions on the potential neuroplasticity pathways through which the early exposure to music, live or recorded, may impact the fetal, preterm, and full-term infant brain. We conclude with recommendations for music stimuli selection and its role within the framework of early socioemotional development and environmental enrichment.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Auditory Perception; Brain; Child Development; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Music; Music Therapy; Neuronal Plasticity
PubMed: 31015828
DOI: 10.1155/2019/3972918