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GE Portuguese Journal of... Jul 2020
PubMed: 32775553
DOI: 10.1159/000504761 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2020
PubMed: 32115522
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.3560-19 -
Blood Apr 2020
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Placenta; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic; Sarcoma, Myeloid
PubMed: 32298443
DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020004975 -
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic... Mar 2017Granulocytic Sarcomas (GS) also called as Myeloid Sarcomas (MS) or chloromas are the representatives of extramedullary infiltrates of immature myeloid cells including... (Review)
Review
Granulocytic Sarcomas (GS) also called as Myeloid Sarcomas (MS) or chloromas are the representatives of extramedullary infiltrates of immature myeloid cells including myeloblasts, promyelocytes and myelocytes. Primary cardiac malignancies per se are rare and infiltration of cardiac muscles by secondary malignant cells is also an uncommon finding. Out of these cardiac tumors, contribution of Cardiac Myeloid Sarcoma (CMS) is even more smaller thereby limiting our knowledge about this rare entity. Because of its very lower incidence, an exact guideline for diagnosis and management is still missing and usually haematologists around the world are treating CMS based on their clinical acumen. Aim of this review is to briefly discuss the presenting clinical feature, differential diagnosis, diagnostic workup and management based on published articles related to CMS till date.
PubMed: 28511492
DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/23241.9499 -
Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical... 2022Myeloid sarcoma is a tumor mass of immature myeloid or monocytic cells (rarely erythroid or megakaryocytic) occurring in an extramedullary site. A de novo promyelocytic...
Myeloid sarcoma is a tumor mass of immature myeloid or monocytic cells (rarely erythroid or megakaryocytic) occurring in an extramedullary site. A de novo promyelocytic granulocytic sarcoma is a very rare tumor. We report a case of a young man presenting with a paraspinal myeloid sarcoma of promyelocytic origin.
PubMed: 35261471
DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2021.1995108 -
Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua... Oct 2021
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Sarcoma, Myeloid
PubMed: 34788931
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2021.10.015 -
Der Gynakologe 2022Lymphoma cells are highly radiosensitive and consequently, radiation therapy is a rational addition to systemic therapy in the treatment of leukemia. Especially as... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Lymphoma cells are highly radiosensitive and consequently, radiation therapy is a rational addition to systemic therapy in the treatment of leukemia. Especially as a conditioning regimen before allogeneic stem cell transplantation, radiation therapy, in the form of total body irradiation, is an established concept.
OBJECTIVES
The present work provides an overview on the execution and side effects of radiation treatment in leukemia. Especially (long-term) side effects after total body irradiation are presented.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A selective search in the database PubMed on radiation treatment of leukemia and on total body irradiation has been carried out, focusing on toxicities as well as technical and conceptional innovations.
RESULTS
Total body irradiation is a successful conditioning therapy before allogeneic stem cell transplantation and is accompanied by a diverse, but manageable, toxicity spectrum with endocrinological, cardiopulmonary, ophthalmological, nephrological and neurological long-term side effects as well as secondary neoplasia. In addition, low-dose radiotherapy may be utilized to treat myeloid sarcoma (chloroma).
CONCLUSIONS
The variety of side effects after total body irradiation requires an interdisciplinary and long-term aftercare provided by radiation oncologists and medical oncologists/the transplantation team. Technical evolutions may result in a more selective targeting of the bone marrow and lymphatic organs. At the moment, these techniques are not established in clinical routine but are being evaluated in clinical trials.
PubMed: 35492219
DOI: 10.1007/s00761-022-01163-2 -
Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and... 2021Myeloid sarcomas can be detected in up to 30% of acute myeloid leukemia cases or occur de-novo without bone marrow involvement. The most frequent localization of myeloid... (Review)
Review
Myeloid sarcomas can be detected in up to 30% of acute myeloid leukemia cases or occur de-novo without bone marrow involvement. The most frequent localization of myeloid sarcomas in the abdominal cavity is the small intestine, and gastric presentations are infrequent, frequently misdiagnosed, and a high level of suspicion should exist when the characteristic histomorphology features are present. The current review features a case report with gastric presentation of myeloid sarcoma in a patient with a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia with trisomy 8. In addition, a review of the literature of intestinal-type myeloid sarcomas shows that less than 15% of these cases have been reported in the stomach. The most common molecular aberrancy detected in intestinal myeloid sarcomas is the fusion protein CBFB-MYH11. A review of several large studies demonstrates that the presence of myeloid sarcoma does not constitute an independent prognostic factor. The therapeutic approach will be tailored to the specific genetic abnormalities present, and systemic chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem cell transplant is the most efficient strategy.
PubMed: 34804441
DOI: 10.4084/MJHID.2021.067 -
Contemporary Oncology (Poznan, Poland) 2016Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a malignant extramedullary tumour, which consists of immature cells of myeloid origin. It may occur , concurrently or precede the diagnosis of... (Review)
Review
Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a malignant extramedullary tumour, which consists of immature cells of myeloid origin. It may occur , concurrently or precede the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). MS can also be a manifestation of the relapse of the disease. The more frequent sites of involvement are the skin, orbit, bone, periosteum, lymph nodes, gastrointestinal tract, soft tissue, central nervous system and testis. Because of its different localization and symptoms, and the lack of diagnostics algorithm, myeloid sarcoma is a real diagnostic challenge, in particular in patients without initial bone marrow involvement. The correct diagnosis of MS is important for adequate therapy, which is often delayed because of a high misdiagnosis rate. In the paper, the role of immunohistochemistry, cytogenetic and molecular genetic analyses is emphasized as well as the breadth of unclear aspects of this disorder in children.
PubMed: 28239280
DOI: 10.5114/wo.2016.65602 -
European Journal of Case Reports in... 2022A myeloid sarcoma is an extramedullary tumour arising from infiltration by leukemic cells at an anatomic site other than the bone marrow. Most commonly it precedes acute...
UNLABELLED
A myeloid sarcoma is an extramedullary tumour arising from infiltration by leukemic cells at an anatomic site other than the bone marrow. Most commonly it precedes acute myeloid leukaemia but occasionally occurs simultaneously. It may also be associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms, myelodysplastic syndrome and the blast phase of chronic myeloid leukaemia. The most common sites for extramedullary tumours are bone, periosteum, soft tissue, lymph node and skin. Although this disease can affect a wide range of body sites, there are very few reports of peritoneal myeloid sarcoma or cavity effusion. The authors present the case of a 68-year-old man with myelodysplasia-related acute myeloid leukaemia and peritoneal myeloid sarcoma with myeloid ascites. The definitive diagnosis is challenging, requires a high level of suspicion, and relies on the exclusion of all alternative diagnoses and especially on complementary tests such as flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry analysis of ascitic fluid in order to detect the immature myeloid cells.
LEARNING POINTS
Myeloid sarcomas are extramedullary leukemic tumours that occur before or simultaneously with acute myeloid leukaemia, other myeloproliferative neoplasms or myelodysplastic syndrome.Myeloid sarcomas are most often seen in bone, soft tissue, lymph node and skin, but can present in most locations.Peritoneal myeloid sarcoma and leukemic ascites, although very rare, must be searched for when a patient with acute leukaemia presents with newly diagnosed ascites, through ascitic fluid flow cytometry and immunophenotypic analysis.
PubMed: 35265554
DOI: 10.12890/2022_003184