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Leukemia Research Reports 2022Myeloid sarcoma (MS), is a rare extramedullary tumor with a poor prognosis and high recurrence rate. Microtransplantation is one of the alternative methods of...
Myeloid sarcoma (MS), is a rare extramedullary tumor with a poor prognosis and high recurrence rate. Microtransplantation is one of the alternative methods of traditional transplantation, which does not rely on HLA complete matching, has low toxicity and may retain part of graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect. It has been reported that microtransplantation can significantly improve the survival rate of elderly AML patients. At present, there is no report on the application of micro transplantation in MS. We will report two cases of MS treated by micro transplantation. The disease-free survival was 66 months and 55 months respectively.
PubMed: 35634196
DOI: 10.1016/j.lrr.2022.100326 -
Cancer Science Apr 2023Myeloid cells as a highly heterogeneous subpopulation of the tumor microenvironment (TME) are intimately associated with tumor development. Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is...
Myeloid cells as a highly heterogeneous subpopulation of the tumor microenvironment (TME) are intimately associated with tumor development. Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is characterized by abundant myeloid cell infiltration in the TME. However, the correlation between myeloid signature genes (MSGs) and the prognosis of EWS patients was unclear. In this research, we synthetically characterized the expression of MSGs in a training cohort and classified EWS patients into two subtypes. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed that MSGs subtypes correlated closely with different immune statuses. Furthermore, a three-gene prognostic model (CTSD, SIRPA, and FN1) was constructed by univariate, LASSO, and multivariate Cox analysis, and it showed excellent prognostic accuracy in EWS patients. We also developed a nomogram for better predicting the long-term survival of EWS. Functional enrichment analysis showed immune-related pathways were distinctly different in the high- and low-risk groups. Further analysis revealed that patients in the high-risk group were tightly associated with an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Finally, we validated the expression of these candidate genes by Western blot (WB), qPCR, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. To sum up, our study identified that the MSGs model was strongly linked to prognostic prediction and immune infiltration in EWS patients, providing novel insights into the clinical treatment and management of EWS patients.
Topics: Humans; Sarcoma, Ewing; Prognosis; Nomograms; Blotting, Western; Immunosuppressive Agents; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 36478349
DOI: 10.1111/cas.15688 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Oct 2014Anaplastic large cell lymphoma has histopathologic features that necessitate a broad differential diagnosis. Diagnostic considerations include carcinoma, melanoma, and... (Review)
Review
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma has histopathologic features that necessitate a broad differential diagnosis. Diagnostic considerations include carcinoma, melanoma, and hematopoietic malignancies, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, classical Hodgkin lymphoma, myeloid sarcoma, and peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified. Unusual features can include subtle sinusoidal involvement, histiocytic morphology, cytokeratin expression, CD15 expression, and variant patterns of anaplastic lymphoma kinase expression. Cases with unusual morphologic or immunohistochemical findings will be presented to highlight the complexity encountered in practice.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Histiocytes; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Lymph Nodes; Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic; Neoplasm Proteins
PubMed: 25268191
DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2014-0295-CC -
Turkish Journal of Haematology :... May 2019
Topics: Child; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Humans; Male; Orbital Neoplasms; Sarcoma, Myeloid; Survival Rate
PubMed: 30650963
DOI: 10.4274/tjh.galenos.2019.2019.0002 -
Myeloid sarcoma derived from the gastrointestinal tract: A case report and review of the literature.Oncology Letters Jun 2016Myeloid sarcoma is a type of malignant neoplasm composed of myeloblasts that locates extramedullary. The present study reports the case of a 31-year-old female who...
Myeloid sarcoma is a type of malignant neoplasm composed of myeloblasts that locates extramedullary. The present study reports the case of a 31-year-old female who presented with upper abdominal pain, melena, vomiting and jaundice. The abdominal computed tomography revealed a mass in gastric antrum area and possible infiltration of the duodenum, gallbladder and head of the pancreas, with possible retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis. The tumor grew quickly and led to serious obstructive jaundice. New masses developed in the bilateral orbits and left breast within 2 months of admission. The pathological results of the gastroscopic biopsy and the fine-needle biopsy of the breast revealed myeloid sarcoma. Transhepatic cholangial drainage, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were administered, but the disease reoccurred and became resistant to chemotherapy, so salvage allogenetic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation was performed. The disease relapsed at 5 months post-transplantation, and chemotherapy and donor lymphocytes transfusions were then administered. The patient declined further treatment and succumbed to disease on May 19, 2015. The present study could improve the understanding of myeloid sarcoma and provide a reference for standardized and individualized treatments for this disease.
PubMed: 27313759
DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4517 -
Medicine Apr 2021Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is an extramedullary mass, consisting of myeloid blasts with or without maturation, which efface the normal tissue architecture. It occurs mainly in... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is an extramedullary mass, consisting of myeloid blasts with or without maturation, which efface the normal tissue architecture. It occurs mainly in lymph nodes, skin and soft tissue, testis, bone, peritoneum, and gastrointestinal tract, but rarely in the pancreas. Because their clinical courses, treatments, and prognoses are quite different, it is crucially important to distinguish between MS and pancreatic cancer.
PATIENT CONCERNS
We herein report a rare case of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) which presented with a pancreatic mass that mimicked pancreatic cancer.Diagnosis: The diagnosis of MS was established based on immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis and bone marrow examination which revealed neoplastic cells with CD34+/CD117+.
INTERVENTIONS
The patient was actively treated with chemotherapy.
OUTCOMES
After 4 cycles of chemotherapy, the lesion in pancreas was significantly reduced, and the patient is still receiving further chemotherapy.
CONCLUSION
When we encounter a patient suspected of pancreatic cancer with blood cell abnormalities and no significant increase in carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), we need to be aware of the possibility of pancreatic MS. Preoperative pathological biopsy and IHC are indispensable. Misdiagnosis is common if we rely solely on imaging.
Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Pancreas; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Sarcoma, Myeloid
PubMed: 33787578
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000024913 -
EJHaem Aug 2022
PubMed: 36051048
DOI: 10.1002/jha2.477 -
Cureus Oct 2022We present a case series to evaluate the clinical features of acute leukemia presenting with primary orbital manifestations. We undertook a retrospective case review of...
We present a case series to evaluate the clinical features of acute leukemia presenting with primary orbital manifestations. We undertook a retrospective case review of primary orbital presentations of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) over a 10-year period at two hospital sites (Hereford County Hospital and Leicester Royal Infirmary). Our case series included four patients - two with AML and two with ALL. Patients were young (mean age of four years and five months) at presentation, all with unilateral disease, and presented with orbital signs. Although there was some confusion with the diagnosis at the time of referral, a suspicion of malignancy was made rapidly once ophthalmic review was initiated. All four cases were diagnosed with the assistance of peripheral blood film and bone marrow biopsy, without the need for orbital biopsy. All four cases had resolution of the orbital mass and remain disease-free.
PubMed: 36381778
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29996 -
BMJ Neurology Open 2019A rare extramedullary manifestation of haematological malignancy, myeloid sarcoma is most commonly seen in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia. We report on an adult...
A rare extramedullary manifestation of haematological malignancy, myeloid sarcoma is most commonly seen in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia. We report on an adult patient who presented with an atypical phenotype of progressive cranial neuropathy without blood or bone marrow involvement, and in whom obtaining material for pathological diagnosis was made challenging by unusual findings of absent fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography avidity and involvement of sites not readily accessible to biopsy (orbital apex and cauda equina). The eventual diagnosis was obtained through biopsy of the uterine cervix before being verified on repeat lymph node and cerebrospinal fluid sampling prior to initiation of chemotherapy.
PubMed: 33681768
DOI: 10.1136/bmjno-2019-000006 -
Case Reports in Oncology 2022Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematologic malignancy that has significant improvement in its prognosis after the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors....
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematologic malignancy that has significant improvement in its prognosis after the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Transformation to accelerated phase or blast phase can happen. Myeloid sarcoma or chloroma is an uncommon extramedullary disease. It is very unusual for patients with CML to develop myeloid sarcoma. We report a young man with CML in the chronic phase who developed myeloid sarcoma. There were many difficulties in the diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma due to the simulation of other more common conditions like infections and other malignancies. In addition, there are treatment challenges because of lack of standardized treatment. The case shed light on this rare complication, the challenging diagnosis, and its implication in patients with CML.
PubMed: 36157700
DOI: 10.1159/000525767