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Molecular and Clinical Oncology May 2016Malignant myoepithelioma of the breast is an extremely rare tumor composed entirely or almost entirely of malignant spindle cells with myoepithelial differentiation....
Malignant myoepithelioma of the breast is an extremely rare tumor composed entirely or almost entirely of malignant spindle cells with myoepithelial differentiation. Only a limited number of case reports have been descibed to date; therefore the biological behavior and treatment outcomes of this rare tumor have not been clearly determined. Herein, we present a case of a 74-year-old woman who was admitted with inflammatory-like cancer of the breast, presenting with invasion of the chest wall and axillary lymph node metastasis at the time of diagnosis. The histological examination revealed a tumor composed of epithelioid and spindle cells with moderate to marked nuclear atypia, with foci of hemorrhage and necrosis. The tumor cells were immunoreactive for vimentin, p63, p53, CD10, cytokeratin (CK)8/18, CKAE1-3 and S-100. Finally, a diagnosis of myoepithelial carcinoma of the breast was established. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was first administered and proved to be ineffective. Due to locoregional progression that was associated with the development of an abscess and subsequent excessive bleeding, a palliative mastectomy was performed. Postoperatively, one more cycle of systemic chemotherapy was administered. However, the patient experienced an early relapse to the chest wall and succumbed to septic shock due to persistent local infection. The aggressiveness and chemoresistance of the tumor in this case was consistent with the existing bibliography.
PubMed: 27123270
DOI: 10.3892/mco.2016.808 -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... Nov 2017The human breast parenchyma consists of collecting ducts and terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs). The TDLU is the site of origin of most breast cancers. The reason for...
The human breast parenchyma consists of collecting ducts and terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs). The TDLU is the site of origin of most breast cancers. The reason for such focal susceptibility to cancer remains poorly understood. Here, we take advantage of a region-specific heterogeneity in luminal progenitors to interrogate the differentiation repertoire of candidate stem cells in TDLUs. We show that stem-like activity in serial passage culture and in vivo breast morphogenesis relies on the preservation of a myoepithelial phenotype. By enrichment for region-specific progenitors, we identify bipotent and multipotent progenitors in ducts and TDLUs, respectively. We propose that focal breast cancer susceptibility, at least in part, originates from region-specific myoepithelial progenitors.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antigens, CD; Biomarkers; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Differentiation; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Epithelial Cells; Female; Gene Expression; Humans; Keratin-19; Mammary Glands, Human; Middle Aged; Multipotent Stem Cells; Muscle Cells; Myoepithelioma; Organ Specificity; Primary Cell Culture; Prognosis
PubMed: 29109259
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1714063114 -
Medicine Jul 2018Soft-tissue myoepithelioma is a rare neoplasm. It usually occurs in the distal or proximal extremities, but seldomly arises in the abdominal wall.
RATIONALE
Soft-tissue myoepithelioma is a rare neoplasm. It usually occurs in the distal or proximal extremities, but seldomly arises in the abdominal wall.
PRESENTING CONCERNS OF THE PATIENT
The patient is a 40-year-old woman who presented with a painless mass at the lateral abdominal wall for 6 months. Computed tomography scan revealed a lobulated and well-defined iso-density mass showing heterogeneously moderate enhancement. The mass exhibited intermediate T1 signal and obvious high T2 signal on magnetic resonance imaging.
INTERVENTIONS
The tumor was excised. Hematoxylin-eosin stain and immunohistochemical stain showed that the tumor was myoepithelioma.
OUTCOMES
The patient did not undergo chemotherapy and radiotherapy. No recurrence or metastasis was noted during the 1 year follow-up.
LESSONS
Radiologists should consider myoepithelioma in the differential diagnosis when finding a tumor in the abdominal wall.
Topics: Abdominal Wall; Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Myoepithelioma; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29979383
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000011209 -
BMJ Case Reports Jan 2019Clear cell variant is a rare histological type of myoepithelioma seen in parotid and soft palate. This article describes clear cell variant of myoepithelioma in the...
Clear cell variant is a rare histological type of myoepithelioma seen in parotid and soft palate. This article describes clear cell variant of myoepithelioma in the tongue base, which has not been reported in the literature so far. A 34-year-old man presented with dysphagia and foreign body sensation of throat. Video laryngostroboscopy using a 70° rigid telescope showed a smooth globular mass in the oropharynx arising from the tongue base. Based on clinical and radiological findings, the lesion was considered as benign. Fine needle aspiration cytology was not attempted fearing risk of bleeding, aspiration and airway compromise. Hence, an excisional biopsy followed by definitive histopathological examination without frozen section was planned. The patient underwent coblator-assisted excision and subsequently sent for histopathological analysis. There were cuboidal cell nests with abundant clear cytoplasm which stained positive for p63 by immunohistochemistry. This helped in establishing the diagnosis of clear cell myoepithelioma.
Topics: Adult; Capsule Endoscopy; Deglutition Disorders; Humans; Laryngoscopy; Male; Membrane Proteins; Myoepithelioma; Stroboscopy; Tongue Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 30665928
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-226764 -
Case Reports in Otolaryngology 2016Myoepithelioma is an extremely rare tumour subtype and diagnosis is based on a wide variation of cellular morphology. FNAC specimens do not always suffice for a...
Myoepithelioma is an extremely rare tumour subtype and diagnosis is based on a wide variation of cellular morphology. FNAC specimens do not always suffice for a definitive differential diagnosis which depends on histology and immunohistochemistry of the lesion. Case Presentation. A 54-year-old female came to our attention with dysphagia and dyslalia of 6-month standing. Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) examination revealed a voluminous mass on the right portion of the base of her tongue, where postcontrast T2-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) evidenced a hyperintense lesion. The fine-needle aspiration specimen taken for cytology was not diagnostic, as a differential diagnosis between myoepithelioma and a malignant neoplasm of the salivary glands necessitates parameters that cytology alone cannot provide. Therefore, the whole lesion was excised by diode laser through a transoral approach. Histology and immunohistochemistry of the completely excised lesion confirmed a myoepithelioma.
PubMed: 27034872
DOI: 10.1155/2016/3785979 -
Cureus Mar 2017A 58-year-old female had a mass in the right breast palpable beneath the areola. A mammogram revealed a 1.5-centimeter soft tissue density that was confirmed with a...
A 58-year-old female had a mass in the right breast palpable beneath the areola. A mammogram revealed a 1.5-centimeter soft tissue density that was confirmed with a subsequent ultrasound. The patient underwent a core needle biopsy which was initially reported as a moderately differentiated invasive ductal carcinoma. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed negative staining for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2), mammaglobin, and gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 (GCDFP-15). A wide local excision of the mass was performed. The pathology report stated the tumor had an infiltrative growth pattern with a desmoplastic stromal response with enhanced epithelial atypia consistent with malignant transformation of a nodular clear cell hidradenoma. Clear cell hidradenoma is a very rare tumor originating from the sweat gland and has a propensity for the face and extremities. The malignant variant of this tumor is extremely rare and has been reported to originate from the breast in few cases. This case represents the difficulty in diagnosing this tumor along with the radiographic and histologic features that can distinguish this malignancy from other entities.
PubMed: 28409065
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.1064 -
Journal of Cancer Research and... 2015Myoepithelioma, once considered to be a type of pleomorphic adenoma, is a rare benign tumor of the salivary glands. This uncommon tumor is most commonly diagnosed in the... (Review)
Review
Myoepithelioma, once considered to be a type of pleomorphic adenoma, is a rare benign tumor of the salivary glands. This uncommon tumor is most commonly diagnosed in the parotid gland and in the minor salivary glands of the palate. We report a case of myoepithelioma located at the base of tongue, a rare site, in a 48-year-old male, composed of spindle shaped myoepithelial cells.
Topics: Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma; Prognosis; Rare Diseases; Tongue Neoplasms
PubMed: 26881649
DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.139380 -
Nefrologia : Publicacion Oficial de La... 2015Arterial hypertension is a highly prevalent disease and its secondary causes must always be kept in mind because the treatment and prognosis differ between these and... (Review)
Review
Arterial hypertension is a highly prevalent disease and its secondary causes must always be kept in mind because the treatment and prognosis differ between these and essential hypertension. Here we present the first reported case in Argentina of a 21-year-old patient with arterial hypertension and hypokalaemia due to a renin-secreting juxtaglomerular cell tumour, which was diagnosed after seven years of development.
Topics: Female; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Hypertension, Renal; Hypokalemia; Juxtaglomerular Apparatus; Kidney Neoplasms; Myoepithelioma; Nephrectomy; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic; Renin; Young Adult
PubMed: 25611839
DOI: 10.3265/Nefrologia.pre2014.Sep.12623 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Apr 2015Myoepithelioma/myoepithelial carcinomas are not commonly found in soft tissues and are especially rare at visceral sites. This report describes a case of a rare...
Myoepithelioma/myoepithelial carcinomas are not commonly found in soft tissues and are especially rare at visceral sites. This report describes a case of a rare low-grade myoepithelial carcinoma of the stomach. A 61-year-old female patient presented with postprandial abdominal discomfort. Endoscopy revealed a 1.1 cm submucosal lesion. Local excision was performed after malignancy was confirmed by biopsy. The resection margin is free of tumor and she received no adjuvant therapy. The tumor was characterized by multinodular growth with biphasic epithelioid and spindle components. Infiltrative margin and nuclear pleomorphism are seen. Tumor cells were positive for both epithelial and myoepithelial markers. Evidence of epithelial differentiation was confirmed by electron microscopy. No EWSR1 rearrangement was detected. The final diagnosis was low-grade myoepithelial gastric carcinoma. The patient is currently well, and no evidence of recurrence or metastasis was found after ten-month of follow-up. Myoepithelial carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a biphasic gastric tumor.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Gastrectomy; Gastroscopy; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma; Predictive Value of Tests; Stomach Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 25892892
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i14.4391 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Mar 2023We present a rare case of myoepithelioma in the subcutaneous layer of the shoulder with ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). US showed a lobulated...
We present a rare case of myoepithelioma in the subcutaneous layer of the shoulder with ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). US showed a lobulated hyperechoic mass, leading to an impression of lipoma. MRI showed the mass with low signal intensity on T1-weighted images (T1WI), high signal intensity on fat-suppressed T2-weighted images (T2WI), intermediate signal intensity on T2WI, and intense enhancement with adjacent fascial thickening. Imaging findings of soft tissue myoepithelioma have not been established. We report its US and MRI features mimicking features from a lipomatous tumor to infiltrative malignancy. Although soft tissue myoepithelioma has nonspecific image findings to confirm its diagnosis, some findings may help to make the differential diagnosis. Preoperative pathologic confirmation is recommended in a soft tissue neoplasm.
Topics: Humans; Myoepithelioma; Diagnosis, Differential; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Upper Extremity
PubMed: 37109625
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59040667