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Head and Neck Pathology Mar 2020Clinically, radiologically, and pathologically, chondroid neoplasms of the skull can be diagnostically challenging due to overlapping features in each of these domains.... (Review)
Review
Clinically, radiologically, and pathologically, chondroid neoplasms of the skull can be diagnostically challenging due to overlapping features in each of these domains. Compounding the problem for the pathologist, there is also significant morphologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular genetic overlap between benign and malignant cartilaginous lesions, and the majority of these lesions are encountered quite rarely in routine surgical pathology practice. Each of these factors contribute to the diagnostic difficulty posed by these lesions, highlighting the importance of radiologic-pathologic correlation in the diagnosis. This review is intended to provide an update for surgical pathologists on some of the most commonly encountered chondroid neoplasms in the skull, and includes the following lesions: chondromyxoid fibroma, synovial chondromatosis, chondrosarcoma and variants, and chordoma and variants. For each of these lesions, the differential diagnosis and useful ancillary tests will be discussed in the context of a broad range of additional primary and secondary lesions.
Topics: Chondromatosis, Synovial; Chondrosarcoma; Chordoma; Fibroma; Humans; Skull Neoplasms
PubMed: 31950468
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-019-01091-5 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2017
Topics: Aged; Fibroma; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Toes
PubMed: 28954126
DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20176734 -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas Dec 2017
Topics: Aged; Aponeurosis; Biopsy; Calcinosis; Female; Fibroblasts; Fibroma; Forearm; Humans; Neoplasms, Connective Tissue; Subcutaneous Tissue; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 28108007
DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2016.05.023 -
Head and Neck Pathology Mar 2020This manuscript provides an overview of pleomorphic spindle cell tumors presenting on sun-damaged skin of the elderly and includes discussions of atypical fibroxanthoma,... (Review)
Review
This manuscript provides an overview of pleomorphic spindle cell tumors presenting on sun-damaged skin of the elderly and includes discussions of atypical fibroxanthoma, pleomorphic dermal sarcoma, spindle cell and metaplastic squamous cell carcinoma, spindle cell and dedifferentiated melanoma and poorly differentiated cutaneous angiosarcoma. These tumors share many of the clinical presenting and histological features, making confident diagnosis challenging. A reliable and robust diagnosis is necessary to predict behavior as the biologic potential of these tumors ranges from benign (e.g. atypical fibroxanthoma) to outright malignant with poor survival rates (e.g. cutaneous angiosarcoma). The salient clinical, histologic and immunohistochemical characteristics are discussed in detail with emphasis on distinguishing features and differential diagnosis to provide the reader with a better understanding of these entities and helpful clues for a more robust diagnosis.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Fibroma; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Hemangiosarcoma; Humans; Melanoma; Sarcoma; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 31950467
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-019-01084-4 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Aug 2018- Spindle cell neoplasms arising in the skin comprise a heterogeneous group of tumors with divergent lineages. Cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms are relatively common and... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
- Spindle cell neoplasms arising in the skin comprise a heterogeneous group of tumors with divergent lineages. Cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms are relatively common and present surgical pathologists with diagnostic challenges. Recognition of their histopathologies is important for correct diagnosis and management. The current review presents a pattern-based diagnostic approach to common cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms that often cause diagnostic difficulties.
OBJECTIVE
- To provide a useful guide for diagnosis of cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms.
DATA SOURCES
- PubMed (US National Library of Medicine) reports and the authors' personal experiences are reviewed.
CONCLUSIONS
- The authors briefly summarize the histologic features and differential diagnoses of common cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms.
Topics: Carcinoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Fibroma; Humans; Melanoma; Nevus, Spindle Cell; Sarcoma; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 30040457
DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2018-0112-RA -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Oct 2016Infantile digital fibroma is a rare benign lesion that usually occurs during the first 2 years of life. It can be multiple, but it is usually a single lesion. If it... (Review)
Review
Infantile digital fibroma is a rare benign lesion that usually occurs during the first 2 years of life. It can be multiple, but it is usually a single lesion. If it grows large enough it can cause joint deformities or interfere with everyday activities. Microscopically, the neoplastic cells usually have inclusion bodies that are best highlighted with a Masson trichrome stain but can often be seen on hematoxylin-eosin staining. Treatment for this entity is usually watchful waiting because of its ability to spontaneously regress, but excision is recommended if the lesion is symptomatic. More recently, fluorouracil or injectable steroids have shown great promise in inducing regression without the complications that accompany surgery.
Topics: Actins; Desmin; Epidermis; Fibroma; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Muscle, Smooth; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 27684985
DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2015-0492-RS -
Medicine Sep 2021Plexiform fibromyxoma (PF) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm which can be misdiagnosed as the gastrointestinal stromal tumor. This tumor almost formed a lobulated... (Review)
Review
Plexiform fibromyxoma (PF) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm which can be misdiagnosed as the gastrointestinal stromal tumor. This tumor almost formed a lobulated intramural/submucosal mass in the gastric antrum and prepyloric area. It was considered as a benign tumor that exhibited no recurrence, metastasis, or tumor-related mortality. In this study, we reported 2 cases of gastric PF. The first case was a PF patient coexisting with gastric adenocarcinoma. The second case occurred in the gastric upper body close to gastric fundus. They underwent distal gastrectomy and laparoscopic partial gastric resection, respectively. Both of them exhibited a plexiform growth pattern in the submucosa, muscularis propria, and subserosal adipose tissues. The nodules were composed of abundant myxoid or fibromyxoid matrix riching in small thin-walled blood vessels and bland-looking spindle cells. The first case partially showed staggered growth pattern of PF and adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemically, the spindle cells were diffusely immunoreactive for SMA and vimentin, and focally immunoreactive for CD10. It was important to distinguish the PF from other spindle cell tumors involving the stomach.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Fibroma; Gastrectomy; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Stomach Neoplasms
PubMed: 34516510
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000027164 -
Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology &... 2019Plexiform fibromyxoma is a rare and newly described gastric mesenchymal tumor with only 121 reported cases in the literature. Our understanding of plexiform fibromyxoma... (Review)
Review
Plexiform fibromyxoma is a rare and newly described gastric mesenchymal tumor with only 121 reported cases in the literature. Our understanding of plexiform fibromyxoma requires updating since the first case has been reported by Takahashi et al. 12 years ago. The present review summarized reported cases in the literature, and both clinical and pathological aspects of plexiform fibromyxoma were comprehensively discussed. Plexiform fibromyxoma usually causes nonspecific or bleeding signs or symptoms, and therefore clinical recognition of the disease is challenging. Plexiform fibromyxoma is of benign nature without any metastasis or recurrence reported, and more conservative surgical treatment should be considered.
Topics: Fibroma; Humans; Stomach Neoplasms
PubMed: 31360694
DOI: 10.1155/2019/3960920 -
Radiologia 2022The main objective in the imaging differential diagnosis of an ovarian mass is to establish whether it is cystic or solid; solid lesions are less common. Ovarian...
The main objective in the imaging differential diagnosis of an ovarian mass is to establish whether it is cystic or solid; solid lesions are less common. Ovarian fibromatosis is a benign disease of the ovary that is rarely included in the differential diagnosis of solid ovarian lesions. Characteristic features of masses that have a fibrous component are low signal in T1-weighted MRI sequences and especially in T2-weighted MRI sequences. The presence of peripheral fibrotic tissue around the residual ovarian tissue is specific to ovarian fibromatosis; on MRI, this results in marked hypointensity on T2-weighted images that has been dubbed the "black garland sign". This sign, together with slight peripheral enhancement after the administration of contrast material and the preservation of the ovarian architecture, facilitates the diagnosis, making it possible to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions.
Topics: Contrast Media; Female; Fibroma; Humans; Ovarian Cysts; Ovarian Neoplasms
PubMed: 35504682
DOI: 10.1016/j.rxeng.2020.11.009 -
BMJ Case Reports Dec 2020Ossifying fibroma (OF) is a rare, benign, fibro-osseous lesion of the jawbone characterised by replacement of the normal bone with fibrous tissue. The fibrous tissue...
Ossifying fibroma (OF) is a rare, benign, fibro-osseous lesion of the jawbone characterised by replacement of the normal bone with fibrous tissue. The fibrous tissue shows varying amount of calcified structures resembling bone and/or cementum. The central variant of OF is rare, and shows predilection for mandible among the jawbone. Although it is classified as fibro-osseous lesion, it clinically behaves as a benign tumour and can grow to large size, causing bony swelling and facial asymmetry. This paper reports a case of large central OF of mandible in a 40-year-old male patient. The lesion was treated by segmental resection of mandible. Reconstruction of the surgical defect was done using avascular fibula bone graft. Role of three-dimensional printing of jaw and its benefits in surgical planning and reconstruction are also highlighted.
Topics: Adult; Facial Asymmetry; Fibroma, Ossifying; Fibula; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Jaw; Male; Mandibular Neoplasms; Orthognathic Surgical Procedures; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 33372024
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-239286