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International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2020Nickel is a transition element extensively distributed in the environment, air, water, and soil. It may derive from natural sources and anthropogenic activity. Although... (Review)
Review
Nickel is a transition element extensively distributed in the environment, air, water, and soil. It may derive from natural sources and anthropogenic activity. Although nickel is ubiquitous in the environment, its functional role as a trace element for animals and human beings has not been yet recognized. Environmental pollution from nickel may be due to industry, the use of liquid and solid fuels, as well as municipal and industrial waste. Nickel contact can cause a variety of side effects on human health, such as allergy, cardiovascular and kidney diseases, lung fibrosis, lung and nasal cancer. Although the molecular mechanisms of nickel-induced toxicity are not yet clear, mitochondrial dysfunctions and oxidative stress are thought to have a primary and crucial role in the toxicity of this metal. Recently, researchers, trying to characterize the capability of nickel to induce cancer, have found out that epigenetic alterations induced by nickel exposure can perturb the genome. The purpose of this review is to describe the chemical features of nickel in human beings and the mechanisms of its toxicity. Furthermore, the attention is focused on strategies to remove nickel from the environment, such as phytoremediation and phytomining.
Topics: Animals; Biodegradation, Environmental; Ecotoxicology; Environmental Health; Humans; Industrial Waste; Nickel; Soil Pollutants
PubMed: 31973020
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030679 -
International Journal of Oral Science Feb 2022Various engine-driven NiTi endodontic files have been indispensable and efficient tools in cleaning and shaping of root canals for practitioners. In this review, we... (Review)
Review
Various engine-driven NiTi endodontic files have been indispensable and efficient tools in cleaning and shaping of root canals for practitioners. In this review, we introduce the relative terms and conceptions of NiTi file, including crystal phase composition, the design of the cutting part, types of separation. This review also analysis the main improvement and evolution of different generations of engine-driven nickel-titanium instruments in the past 20 years in the geometric design, manufacturing surface treatment such as electropolishing, thermal treatment, metallurgy. And the variety of motion modes of NiTi files to improve resistance to torsional failure were also discussed. Continuous advancements by the designers, provide better balance between shaping efficiency and resistance to of NiTi systems. In clinical practice an appropriate system should be selected based on the anatomy of the root canal, instrument characteristics, and operators' experience.
Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Equipment Design; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Titanium
PubMed: 35181648
DOI: 10.1038/s41368-021-00154-0 -
Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) Feb 2021
Topics: Nickel
PubMed: 33307548
DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa154 -
Protein Science : a Publication of the... May 2020Nickel enzymes, present in archaea, bacteria, plants, and primitive eukaryotes are divided into redox and nonredox enzymes and play key functions in diverse metabolic... (Review)
Review
Nickel enzymes, present in archaea, bacteria, plants, and primitive eukaryotes are divided into redox and nonredox enzymes and play key functions in diverse metabolic processes, such as energy metabolism and virulence. They catalyze various reactions by using active sites of diverse complexities, such as mononuclear nickel in Ni-superoxide dismutase, glyoxylase I and acireductone dioxygenase, dinuclear nickel in urease, heteronuclear metalloclusters in [NiFe]-carbon monoxide dehydrogenase, acetyl-CoA decarbonylase/synthase and [NiFe]-hydrogenase, and even more complex cofactors in methyl-CoM reductase and lactate racemase. The presence of metalloenzymes in a cell necessitates a tight regulation of metal homeostasis, in order to maintain the appropriate intracellular concentration of nickel while avoiding its toxicity. As well, the biosynthesis and insertion of nickel active sites often require specific and elaborated maturation pathways, allowing the correct metal to be delivered and incorporated into the target enzyme. In this review, the phylogenetic distribution of nickel enzymes will be briefly described. Their tridimensional structures as well as the complexity of their active sites will be discussed. In view of the latest findings on these enzymes, a special focus will be put on the biosynthesis of their active sites and nickel activation of apo-enzymes.
Topics: Biocatalysis; Catalytic Domain; Dioxygenases; Enzymes; Hydrogenase; Lactoylglutathione Lyase; Nickel; Protein Conformation; Superoxide Dismutase; Urease
PubMed: 32022353
DOI: 10.1002/pro.3836 -
Journal of the American Chemical Society Apr 2018We describe the development of an arenophile-mediated, nickel-catalyzed dearomative trans-1,2-carboamination protocol. A range of readily available aromatic compounds...
We describe the development of an arenophile-mediated, nickel-catalyzed dearomative trans-1,2-carboamination protocol. A range of readily available aromatic compounds was converted to the corresponding dienes using Grignard reagents as nucleophiles. This strategy provided products with exclusive trans-selectivity and high enantioselectivity was observed in case of benzene and naphthalene. The utility of this methodology was showcased by controlled and stereoselective preparation of small, functionalized molecules.
Topics: Amination; Catalysis; Molecular Structure; Nickel; Stereoisomerism
PubMed: 29544244
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b01726 -
International Journal of Molecular... Sep 2019Nickel (Ni) is known to be a major carcinogenic heavy metal. Occupational and environmental exposure to Ni has been implicated in human lung and nasal cancers.... (Review)
Review
Nickel (Ni) is known to be a major carcinogenic heavy metal. Occupational and environmental exposure to Ni has been implicated in human lung and nasal cancers. Currently, the molecular mechanisms of Ni carcinogenicity remain unclear, but studies have shown that Ni-caused DNA damage is an important carcinogenic mechanism. Therefore, we conducted a literature search of DNA damage associated with Ni exposure and summarized known Ni-caused DNA damage effects. In vitro and vivo studies demonstrated that Ni can induce DNA damage through direct DNA binding and reactive oxygen species (ROS) stimulation. Ni can also repress the DNA damage repair systems, including direct reversal, nucleotide repair (NER), base excision repair (BER), mismatch repair (MMR), homologous-recombination repair (HR), and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) repair pathways. The repression of DNA repair is through direct enzyme inhibition and the downregulation of DNA repair molecule expression. Up to now, the exact mechanisms of DNA damage caused by Ni and Ni compounds remain unclear. Revealing the mechanisms of DNA damage from Ni exposure may contribute to the development of preventive strategies in Ni carcinogenicity.
Topics: Animals; Carcinogenesis; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded; DNA Damage; DNA Mismatch Repair; DNA Repair; Humans; Nickel; Reactive Oxygen Species
PubMed: 31546657
DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194690 -
International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2016Allergic contact hypersensitivity to metals is a delayed-type allergy. Although various metals are known to produce an allergic reaction, nickel is the most frequent... (Review)
Review
Allergic contact hypersensitivity to metals is a delayed-type allergy. Although various metals are known to produce an allergic reaction, nickel is the most frequent cause of metal allergy. Researchers have attempted to elucidate the mechanisms of metal allergy using animal models and human patients. Here, the immunological and molecular mechanisms of metal allergy are described based on the findings of previous studies, including those that were recently published. In addition, the adsorption and excretion of various metals, in particular nickel, is discussed to further understand the pathogenesis of metal allergy.
Topics: Allergens; Animals; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Ion Transport; Nickel; Thymus Gland; Trace Elements
PubMed: 26848658
DOI: 10.3390/ijms17020202 -
Seminars in Cancer Biology Nov 2021Nickel compounds are environmental toxicants, prevalent in the atmosphere due to their widespread use in several industrial processes, extensive consumption of nickel... (Review)
Review
Nickel compounds are environmental toxicants, prevalent in the atmosphere due to their widespread use in several industrial processes, extensive consumption of nickel containing products, as well as burning of fossil fuels. Exposure to nickel is associated with a multitude of chronic inflammatory lung diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, nickel exposure is implicated in the development of nasal and lung cancers. Interestingly, a common pathogenic mechanism underlying the development of diseases associated with nickel exposure is epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is a process by which the epithelial cells lose their junctions and polarity and acquire mesenchymal traits, including increased ability to migrate and invade. EMT is a normal and essential physiological process involved in differentiation, development and wound healing. However, EMT also contributes to a number of pathological conditions, including fibrosis, cancer and metastasis. Growing evidence suggest that EMT induction could be an important outcome of nickel exposure. In this review, we discuss the role of EMT in nickel-induced lung diseases and the mechanisms associated with EMT induction by nickel exposure.
Topics: Animals; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; Humans; Lung Diseases; Nickel
PubMed: 34058338
DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.020 -
International Journal of Environmental... Apr 2022Nickel is a heavy metal used in many industries. Nickel exposure can induce respiratory diseases and allergic reactions, and increase cancer risk. This study evaluated...
Nickel is a heavy metal used in many industries. Nickel exposure can induce respiratory diseases and allergic reactions, and increase cancer risk. This study evaluated the introduction of a grinding and polishing system to prevent injuries from nickel toxicity in workers. We performed a controlled, interventional, before-and-after study from January 2018 to December 2019 at a faucet component industrial manufacturing site. Results from workplace environmental monitoring, questionnaire responses, and biomonitoring were collected before and after the intervention. Thirty-seven workers (100% men) aged 25.0 (interquartile range (IQR): 22.0-33.5) years were categorized into two groups, those with and without nickel exposure. In the exposed group, the median exposure time was 18.0 months (IQR 14.0-20.0 months). Urinary nickel concentration was lower in the exposed group than in the non-exposed group (13.8 (IQR 1.7-20.7); 23.1 (IQR 11.3-32.8) μg/g creatinine, respectively; = 0.047). The median urinary nickel concentration was lower in the second year than in the first year (17.4 (IQR 2.2-27.4), 7.7 (IQR 4.3-18.5) μg/g creatinine, respectively; = 0.022). Significant reductions in urinary nickel concentration were observed following the intervention and educational program. Thus, biomonitoring of urinary nickel concentration can successfully reflect the effectiveness of interventions and their relationship to nickel exposure.
Topics: Biological Monitoring; Creatinine; Environmental Monitoring; Female; Humans; Male; Nickel; Occupational Exposure
PubMed: 35457753
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084887 -
Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in... Oct 2017Along with amide bond formation, Suzuki cross-coupling, and reductive amination, the Buchwald-Hartwig-Ullmann-type amination of aryl halides stands as one of the most...
Along with amide bond formation, Suzuki cross-coupling, and reductive amination, the Buchwald-Hartwig-Ullmann-type amination of aryl halides stands as one of the most employed reactions in modern medicinal chemistry. The work herein demonstrates the potential of utilizing electrochemistry to provide a complementary avenue to access such critical bonds using an inexpensive nickel catalyst under mild reaction conditions. Of note is the scalability, functional-group tolerance, rapid rate, and the ability to employ a variety of aryl donors (Ar-Cl, Ar-Br, Ar-I, Ar-OTf), amine types (primary and secondary), and even alternative X-H donors (alcohols and amides).
Topics: Alcohols; Amination; Amines; Benzyl Compounds; Catalysis; Electrochemical Techniques; Electrodes; Nickel
PubMed: 28834098
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707906