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BMC Oral Health Oct 2023Multiple epidemiological studies have posited a potential association between sleep quality and the risk of oral diseases, yet the resulting conclusions have remained...
BACKGROUND
Multiple epidemiological studies have posited a potential association between sleep quality and the risk of oral diseases, yet the resulting conclusions have remained contentious, and the presence of a causal link remains equivocal. In this study, we aimed to investigate the causal relationship between sleep duration, insomnia, and common oral diseases.
METHODS
We utilized genetic correlation and two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses based on summary statistics from genome-wide association studies of sleep duration (N = 460,099), insomnia (N = 462,341), mouth ulcer (N = 385,026), oral cavity cancer (N = 4,151), and periodontal disease (N = 527,652).
RESULTS
Our results revealed a negative genetic correlation between sleep duration and mouth ulcer (genetic correlation: -0.09, P = 0.007), while a positive genetic correlation between insomnia and mouth ulcer was observed (genetic correlation: 0.18, P = 2.51E-06). Furthermore, we demonstrated that longer sleep duration is significantly associated with a reduced risk of mouth ulcers (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.54-0.83, P = 2.84E-04), whereas insomnia is nominally associated with an increased risk of mouth ulcers (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.01-1.95, P = 0.044). In contrast, no significant association was detected between sleep quality and periodontal disease or oral cavity cancer.
CONCLUSIONS
This work provides robust evidence to support the notion that enhanced sleep quality may confer a decreased risk of oral ulcers, thereby bearing considerable clinical relevance.
Topics: Humans; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Oral Ulcer; Sleep Quality; Genome-Wide Association Study; Sleep; Periodontal Diseases; Neoplasms; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
PubMed: 37833753
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03417-w -
European Review For Medical and... Oct 2018The purpose of this study was to investigate oral ulcer healing and anti-Candida efficacy of an alcohol-free 0.1% chitosan-curcumin mouthwash. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to investigate oral ulcer healing and anti-Candida efficacy of an alcohol-free 0.1% chitosan-curcumin mouthwash.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A buccal mucosal ulcer was induced in hamster by topical application of acetic acid. The test mouthwash was applied to the ulcer twice a day for 7 consecutive days beginning on the fourth day after the ulcer induction. The anti-Candida efficacy of the mouthwash was determined against both free floating and biofilm forms of Candida albicans.
RESULTS
The mouthwash significantly decreased the ulcer severity with a better ulcer healing efficacy than that of a standard benzydamine mouthwash. The mouthwash also exerted a comparable anti-Candida efficacy to a standard chlorhexidine mouthwash.
CONCLUSIONS
An alcohol-free 0.1% chitosan-curcumin mouthwash may serve as a safe and potential topical alternative agent in the management of oral inflammatory ulcer and of candidiasis.
Topics: Animals; Biofilms; Candida; Candida albicans; Chitosan; Chlorhexidine; Cricetinae; Curcumin; Female; Male; Mouthwashes; Oral Ulcer; Wound Healing
PubMed: 30402869
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201810_16173 -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Sep 2021
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Mucormycosis; Oral Ulcer; Palate, Hard
PubMed: 34544793
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.211026-f -
Open Access Macedonian Journal of... Oct 2019Diagnosis of oral ulceration is always challenging and has been the source of difficulty because of the remarkable overlap in their clinical presentations. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Diagnosis of oral ulceration is always challenging and has been the source of difficulty because of the remarkable overlap in their clinical presentations.
AIM
The objective of this review article is to provide updated knowledge and systemic approach regarding oral ulcers diagnosis depending upon clinical picture while excluding the other causative causes.
METHODS
For this, specialised databases and search engines involving Science Direct, Medline Plus, Scopus, PubMed and authentic textbooks were used to search topics related to the keywords such as oral ulcer, oral infections, vesiculobullous lesion, traumatic ulcer, systematic disease and stomatitis. Associated articles published from 1995 to 2019 in both dental and medical journals including the case reports, case series, original articles and reviews were considered.
RESULTS
The compilation of the significant data reveals that ulcers can be classified according to (i) duration of onset, (ii) number of ulcers and (iii) etiological factors. Causation of oral ulcers varies from slight trauma to underlying systemic diseases and malignancies.
CONCLUSION
Oral manifestations must be acknowledged for precise diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
PubMed: 31949540
DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.689 -
Frontiers in Medicine 2021Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic multi-systemic inflammatory disorder characterised by oro-genital ulcers, cutaneous manifestations, ocular, vascular, neurologic and... (Review)
Review
Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic multi-systemic inflammatory disorder characterised by oro-genital ulcers, cutaneous manifestations, ocular, vascular, neurologic and gastrointestinal involvement. Complex interactions operating on the genetic background e.g.(HLA51), of infectious and other environmental agents, together with immune dysregulation impacts on the pathogenesis of BD. This suggests that the environmental factors triggering immune responses may activate clinical manifestations in genetically susceptible individuals. Since oral health forms the basis of all general health both dental and systemic, it is an important component of both Dentistry and Medicine. Oral ulcers are the most common clinical manifestation of oral mucosal health. Changes in the oral environment consequently acts as an infective and immune trigger. In this review, complex interactions between the oral ulcers, the oral microbiome and immune responses together with the course of oral and systemic disease manifestations in BD are discussed in the context of the aetiologic role of oral health.
PubMed: 34095159
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.613419 -
Frontiers in Genetics 2022Clinical observations and retrospective studies have observed that patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have an increased probability of dental erosion,...
Clinical observations and retrospective studies have observed that patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have an increased probability of dental erosion, periodontitis and oral mucosal lesions and other common oral lesions. However, whether there is a genetic causal relationship between GERD and the occurrence of oral lesions has not been reported. In this study, we extracted instrumental variables from the largest published summary statistics of the oral lesion phenotype GWAS in UK Biobank (UKBB) and GERD GWAS. Then, we performed a causal inference analysis between GERD and common oral lesions by mendelian randomization (MR) analysis with the R package "TwoSampleMR". We observed a significant causal relationship between GERD and several common oral lesion phenotypes (painful gums, loose teeth, toothache, and mouth ulcers). GERD showed a positive correlation with the occurrence of these oral lesions. After removing outlier SNPs the MR-PRESSO package, our conclusions were still robust. Our findings provide the first evidence for a genetic causal effect of GERD on oral lesion pathogenesis. For patients with confirmed GERD, attention should be paid to taking interventions to prevent the occurrence of oral lesions.
PubMed: 36523763
DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1046989 -
Reviews in Medical Virology Nov 2021The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that clinically affects multiple... (Review)
Review
The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that clinically affects multiple organs of the human body. Cells in the oral cavity express viral entry receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 that allows viral replication and may cause tissue inflammation and destruction. Recent studies have reported that Covid-19 patients present oral manifestations with multiple clinical aspects. In this review, we aim to summarise main signs and symptoms of Covid-19 in the oral cavity, its possible association with oral diseases, and the plausible underlying mechanisms of hyperinflammation reflecting crosstalk between Covid-19 and oral diseases. Ulcers, blisters, necrotising gingivitis, opportunistic coinfections, salivary gland alterations, white and erythematous plaques and gustatory dysfunction were the most reported clinical oral manifestations in patients with Covid-19. In general, the lesions appear concomitant with the loss of smell and taste. Multiple reports show evidences of necrotic/ulcerative gingiva, oral blisters and hypergrowth of opportunistic oral pathogens. SARS-CoV-2 exhibits tropism for endothelial cells and Covid-19-mediated endotheliitis can not only promote inflammation in oral tissues but can also facilitate virus spread. In addition, elevated levels of proinflammatory mediators in patients with Covid-19 and oral infectious disease can impair tissue homeostasis and cause delayed disease resolution. This suggests potential crosstalk of immune-mediated pathways underlying pathogenesis. Interestingly, few reports suggest recurrent herpetic lesions and higher bacterial growth in Covid-19 subjects, indicating SARS-CoV-2 and oral virus/bacteria interaction. Larger cohort studies comparing SARS-CoV-2 negative and positive subjects will reveal oral manifestation of the virus on oral health and its role in exacerbating oral infection.
Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; Anosmia; COVID-19; Dysgeusia; Gene Expression; Gingivitis, Necrotizing Ulcerative; Herpesviridae Infections; Humans; Mouth; Oral Ulcer; Periodontal Diseases; SARS-CoV-2; Serine Endopeptidases; Sialadenitis; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Xerostomia
PubMed: 33646645
DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2226 -
Evidence-based Complementary and... 2022Oral ulcer (OU) is a common oral mucosal disease manifested with obvious pain. In some studies, the efficacy of acupuncture in OU has been confirmed, but systematic... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Oral ulcer (OU) is a common oral mucosal disease manifested with obvious pain. In some studies, the efficacy of acupuncture in OU has been confirmed, but systematic reviews and meta-analyses for them are lacking. Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of OU.
METHODS
We searched the literature from eight databases from their inception to December 2021. We included randomized controlled trials of acupuncture for the treatment of oral ulcer. The meta-analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 16.0. The main outcomes were the effective rate and the recurrence rate, the secondary outcomes were the visual analogue score (VAS) and the ulcer healing time.
RESULTS
Totally, 18 studies were finally included in the meta-analysis, including 1,422 patients. In meta-analyses, we found that in comparison with Western medicine, acupuncture can improve effective rate (OR = 5.40, 95% CI: 3.40 to 8.58), reduce the ulcer recurrence rate (OR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.33), and relieve the ulcer pain (MD = -2.26, 95% CI: -4.27to-0.24). In addition, compared with Western medicine, acupuncture plus Western medicine also can improve effective rate (OR = 2.95, 95% CI: 1.48 to 5.85). Compared with the Chinese medicine, the acupuncture plus Chinese medicine can improve the effective rate (OR = 8.26, 95% CI: 3.61 to 18.88) and relieve the ulcer pain (MD = -1.85, 95% CI: -2.51 to -1.19).
CONCLUSION
Acupuncture may be more effective than Western medicine in terms of efficacy rate, and acupuncture combined with Western or Chinese medicine may have the potential to reduce the recurrence of ulcer and relieve the ulcer pain. However, due to limited evidence, higher quality and more rigorously designed clinical trials with larger sample sizes will be needed to further confirm our findings.
PubMed: 36397997
DOI: 10.1155/2022/6082179 -
Materials Today. Bio Oct 2023Oral ulcers have periodicity and recurrence, and the etiology and causative mechanisms remain unclear; therefore, it is difficult to treat oral ulcers effectively....
Oral ulcers have periodicity and recurrence, and the etiology and causative mechanisms remain unclear; therefore, it is difficult to treat oral ulcers effectively. Current clinical treatment methods mainly include pain relief and administration of anti-inflammatories to prevent secondary infections and a prolonged recurrence cycle. However, these traditional treatment methods are administered independently and are susceptible to muscle movements and constant salivary secretion in the mouth, resulting in ineffective drug functioning. Therefore, development of a novel treatment to reduce wound infection and accelerate wound healing for oral ulcers is required for effective treatment. Herein, we report a multifunctional polysaccharide composite microneedle patch based on hyaluronic acid (HA) and hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC) loaded with dexamethasone (DXMS) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) for oral ulcer healing. DXMS and bFGF encapsulated the HA tip portion of the microneedle patch, endowing the microneedle patches with anti-inflammatory and angiogenic properties. HACC was applied to the back of the microneedle patch, adding antibacterial properties. The experimental results indicated that the prepared dressings exhibited good antibacterial activity and effectively promoted cell migration growth and angiogenesis. More importantly, animal experiments have shown that multifunctional microneedle patches can effectively promote oral ulcer healing. Thus, these novel multifunctional polysaccharide composite microneedle patches have great potential for oral ulcers treatment.
PubMed: 37706204
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100782 -
Cancer Reports (Hoboken, N.J.) Aug 2021Oral and oropharyngeal cancer are significant health problems. They are both life-threatening conditions usually diagnosed at an advanced stage causing survival rates to... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Oral and oropharyngeal cancer are significant health problems. They are both life-threatening conditions usually diagnosed at an advanced stage causing survival rates to decline.
AIM
To assess and compare practices, knowledge and attitude regarding oral and oropharyngeal cancer between dental and medical practitioners.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of oral and oropharyngeal cancer among dental and medical practitioners at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 360 participants were included in the study using a convenient sampling technique. Participants were approached in their clinics and printed self-administered questionnaire were handed over to them after signing a written consent form. Frequency distribution and Chi-Square test were used for the statistical analysis and the level of significance was set at P value of .05 or less.
RESULTS
A total of 174 participants responded. Assessment of oral and oropharyngeal cancer knowledge between dental practitioners and medical practitioners showed comparable results. Regarding practices, a significant difference was seen between medical practitioners and dental practitioners in determining the duration of intra-oral ulcer to consider urgent referral (P = .006) and in number of referrals made in relation to suspicious oral lesions (P = .002). Moreover, a significant difference (P = .006) was seen between medical practitioners and dental practitioners in determining the duration of intra-oral ulcer to consider urgent referral.
CONCLUSION
Medical and dental practitioners showed areas of differences in practice, attitude and knowledge of oral and oropharyngeal cancer that when addressed would lead to improved survival rates.
Topics: Clinical Competence; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dentists; Early Detection of Cancer; Female; General Practitioners; Humans; Male; Mouth Neoplasms; Neoplasm Staging; Oral Ulcer; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms; Referral and Consultation; Risk Factors; Saudi Arabia; Survival Rate
PubMed: 33660423
DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1349