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Clinical and Experimental Dental... Aug 2023Orthodontic treatment improves both masticatory function and the aspects of facial esthetics through the correct alignment of the teeth. If oral hygiene is neglected... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
The efficacy of the dental Water Jet, orthodontic, and conventional toothbrushes in plaque removal around orthodontic braces in adolescents: A randomized controlled trial.
OBJECTIVES
Orthodontic treatment improves both masticatory function and the aspects of facial esthetics through the correct alignment of the teeth. If oral hygiene is neglected during fixed orthodontic treatment, it may lead to plaque accumulation and gingivitis. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of the dental Water Jet (DWJ), and orthodontic toothbrush (O-TH) in removing dental plaque around the orthodontic braces compared to conventional toothbrush (C-TH) in adolescents.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This was a three-arm, double-blind, and parallel-group randomized active-controlled trial. Forty-five patients were randomly allocated into three groups: DWJ, the O-TH, and the C-TH (control group). The primary outcome measure was dental plaque accumulation change from the baseline (t ) to post-cleaning (t ), and plaque scores were recorded using the Orthodontic Plaque Index (OPI). The current clinical trial was registered and approved by Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12623000524695).
RESULTS
A statistically significant difference was noted in the OPI scores between different time points in the DWJ group, the O-TH group, and the C-TH group (p < .05). However, no significant difference was noted between the groups after the cleaning procedure (p > .05).
CONCLUSION
The level of oral hygiene was not satisfactory in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. In addition, the efficacy of the DWJ was not superior to O-TH nor to C-TH in plaque removal.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Orthodontic Brackets; Dental Plaque; Water; Single-Blind Method; Australia
PubMed: 37424367
DOI: 10.1002/cre2.752 -
BioMed Research International 2021This pre-post study is aimed at determining the effects of masticatory muscle activity (masseter and temporalis) measured via sEMG between conventional, self-ligating,...
OBJECTIVE
This pre-post study is aimed at determining the effects of masticatory muscle activity (masseter and temporalis) measured via sEMG between conventional, self-ligating, and ceramic bracket after six months of orthodontic treatment.
METHODS
A total of eighteen (18) malocclusion patients were identified. Malocclusion patients were subdivided into 3 groups based on the bracket selection (conventional, self-ligating, and ceramic bracket) with 6 patients for each group. sEMG of muscles were done using a two-channel electromyography device, where pregelled and self-adhesive electrodes (bilateral) were applied. Chewing and clenching of masseter and temporalis muscle activity were recorded for 20 s pre and 6 months of orthodontic treatment using sEMG (frequency 60 Hz). The data were analysed by using repeated measures ANOVA in IBM SPSS Statistics Version 24.0.
RESULTS
Chewing and clenching for masseter muscle showed no significant difference ( > 0.05) in sEMG activity of three types of the brackets. However, for temporalis muscle, there was a significant difference found in sEMG activity during chewing ( < 0.05) and clenching ( < 0.05) between these three brackets.
CONCLUSION
The activity of temporalis muscle showed significant changes in chewing and clenching, where the conventional group demonstrated better muscle activity pre and at six months of fixed appliances.
Topics: Electrodes; Electromyography; Female; Humans; Male; Masseter Muscle; Mastication; Orthodontic Brackets; Temporal Muscle
PubMed: 33969121
DOI: 10.1155/2021/6642254 -
International Journal of Environmental... Sep 2021The objective of this study was to compare the effects of the debonding of three different bracket types by means of three popular debonding methods. A total of 180...
Safe Debonding of Fixed Appliances: A Comparison of Traditional Techniques and LODI Devices on Different Bracket Types in Terms of Enamel Cracks, Site of Bond Failure, and Bracket Reusability.
The objective of this study was to compare the effects of the debonding of three different bracket types by means of three popular debonding methods. A total of 180 human third molars was divided into six groups, consisting of 20 teeth each. Three bracket types were bonded to the enamel (metal brackets with an integral base and a foil mesh base, and ceramic brackets) and three methods of bracket debonding were employed (bracket removal pliers, Weingart pliers, and Lift-Off Debonding Instrument). The samples were examined with scanning electron microscopy to assess the number of enamel cracks, measure the area of adhesive remaining on the enamel, and calculate the adhesive remnant index (ARI). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of the number of enamel cracks after bracket debonding. The amount of adhesive remaining on the teeth after the brackets were removed was significantly different between the groups. LODI and Weingart pliers are considered to be the safest methods of debonding brackets with an integral base, while LODI is the best tool for brackets with foil mesh. Bracket removal pliers are considered to be the preferred method for ceramic bracket debonding.
Topics: Ceramics; Dental Enamel; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Orthodontic Appliances, Fixed; Orthodontic Brackets; Surface Properties
PubMed: 34639565
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910267 -
Brazilian Dental Journal 2021This study evaluated shear bond strength (SBS), adhesive remnant index (ARI) and fracture mode of chemically and mechanically retained ceramic brackets bonded with...
This study evaluated shear bond strength (SBS), adhesive remnant index (ARI) and fracture mode of chemically and mechanically retained ceramic brackets bonded with different composite resins and irradiated with CO2 laser. The null hypothesis was that ceramic brackets bonded with different composite resins and irradiated with CO2 laser would have similar SBS values. Ninety human premolars were divided into four experimental groups according to the combination of type of composite resin (Transbond XT and Z 250) and type of ceramic bracket (Fascination and Mystique), and two control groups (n=15). In the four experimental groups, the brackets were irradiated with CO2 laser at 10 W for 3 seconds before SBS testing. Enamel surface ARI was calculated after debonding under electron microscopy scanning. ANOVA and the Mann-Whitney test were used for statistical analysis. The laser groups had lower SBS values than the non-irradiated groups (control) (p<0.05). The mechanically retained brackets (Mystique) had the higher (p<0.05) and Z250 had the lower SBS values after CO2 laser irradiation. The groups bonded with Z250 had the highest ARI. Adhesive fractures were the most prevalent. The null hypothesis was rejected. CO2 laser decreased SBS efficiently and facilitated debonding of mechanically and chemically retained ceramic brackets.
Topics: Ceramics; Humans; Lasers, Gas; Orthodontic Brackets
PubMed: 34614060
DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202104077 -
The Angle Orthodontist Jan 2020To evaluate the perception of esthetic orthodontic appliances by means of eye-tracking measurements and survey investigation.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the perception of esthetic orthodontic appliances by means of eye-tracking measurements and survey investigation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
En face and close-up images with different orthodontic appliances (aligner appliance [a], aligner appliance and attachments [b], lingual appliance [c], ceramic brackets [d], no appliance [e; control]) were shown to 140 participants. Eye movement and gaze direction was recorded by eye-tracking system. For different anatomical areas and areas of the appliances, time to first fixation and total fixation time were recorded. The questions included in a visual analog scale regarding individual sentiency were answered by the participants.
RESULTS
For all groups, the anatomical landmarks were inspected in the following order: (1) eyes, (2) mouth, (3) nose, (4) hair, and (5) ears. Only in group d, first fixation was on the mouth region (1.10 ± 1.05 seconds). All appliances except the lingual appliance (1.87 ± 1.31 seconds) resulted in a longer fixation on the mouth area (a, 2.97 ± 1.32 seconds; b, 3.35 ± 1.38 seconds; d, 3.29 ± 1.36 seconds). For close-up pictures, the fastest (0.58 seconds) and longest (3.14 seconds) fixation was found for group d, followed by group b (1.02 seconds/2.3 seconds), group a (2.57 seconds/0.83 seconds), and group c (3.28 seconds/0.05 seconds). Visual analog scale scoring of questions on visibility were consistent with eye-tracking measurements. With increasing visibility, the feeling of esthetic impairment was considered higher.
CONCLUSIONS
Lingual orthodontic appliances do not change how the face is perceived. Other esthetic orthodontic appliances may change the pattern of facial inspection and are different in subjective perception.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Esthetics, Dental; Humans; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Orthodontic Appliances; Orthodontic Brackets
PubMed: 31403837
DOI: 10.2319/031419-198.1 -
American Journal of Orthodontics and... Apr 2022The aim was to investigate the type, incidence, and degree of orthodontic-related emergencies in orthodontic patients during the 2020 coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic...
INTRODUCTION
The aim was to investigate the type, incidence, and degree of orthodontic-related emergencies in orthodontic patients during the 2020 coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and compare the different effects of clear aligner (CA) and fixed self-ligating appliances on the orthodontic emergency.
METHODS
The questionnaire was based on emergencies in orthodontics. The responses of 428 patients between the ages of 12 and 38 years (20.4 ± 7.03) in orthodontic treatment during 2020 were examined.
RESULTS
The gender, age, and the type of orthodontic appliance affect the incidence of orthodontic-related emergencies. Female or adolescent patients treated by self-ligating appliances showed a higher incidence of emergencies. The patients treated by CA exhibited a much lower incidence of emergency. Appliance detachment and mucosa injury were very common in respondents, whereas accidental ingestion and other rare emergencies were less common. The most common reason leading to appliance detachment was chewing hard food. Interestingly, the fixed self-ligating appliances group was also affected by the accidental detachment of appliances to a large extent. The CA and self-ligating groups showed an almost equal incidence of accidental ingestion. The most common foreign body was elastics in both groups. However, the self-ligating group could accidentally ingest dangerous foreign bodies, such as archwires, miniscrews, and welded attachments.
CONCLUSIONS
Orthodontic-related emergencies were very common in patients. The CA could effectively reduce orthodontic-related emergencies. Dentists should raise patients' awareness of proper appliance care. A proper and standard protocol should be developed.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; COVID-19; Child; Female; Humans; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Orthodontic Appliances; Orthodontic Appliances, Fixed; Orthodontic Appliances, Removable; Orthodontic Brackets; Pandemics; Young Adult
PubMed: 35058102
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.12.009 -
The Angle Orthodontist May 2022To evaluate the transfer accuracy of 3D-printed indirect bonding trays constructed using a fully digital workflow in vivo.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the transfer accuracy of 3D-printed indirect bonding trays constructed using a fully digital workflow in vivo.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-three consecutive patients had their incisors, canines, and premolars bonded using fully digitally designed and 3D-printed transfer trays. Intraoral scans were taken to capture final bracket positioning on teeth after bonding. Digital models of postbonding scans were superimposed on those of corresponding virtual bracket setups, and bracket positioning differences were quantified. A total of 363 brackets were evaluated. One-tailed t-tests were used to determine whether bracket positioning differences were within the limit of 0.5 mm in mesiodistal, buccolingual, and occlusogingival dimensions, and within 2° for torque, tip, and rotation.
RESULTS
Mean bracket positioning differences were 0.10 mm, 0.10 mm, and 0.18 mm for mesiodistal, buccolingual, and occlusogingival measurements, respectively, with frequencies of bracket positioning within the 0.5-mm limit ranging from 96.4% to 100%. Mean differences were significantly within the acceptable limit for all linear dimensions. Mean differences were 2.55°, 2.01°, and 2.47° for torque, tip, and rotation, respectively, with frequencies within the 2°-limit ranging from 46.0% to 57.0%. Mean differences for all angular dimensions were outside the acceptable limit; however, this may have been due to limitations of scan data.
CONCLUSIONS
Indirect bonding using 3D-printed trays transfers planned bracket position from the digital setup to the patient's dentition with a high positional accuracy in mesiodistal, buccolingual, and occlusogingival dimensions. Questions remain regarding the transfer accuracy for torque, tip, and rotation.
Topics: Dental Bonding; Humans; Models, Dental; Orthodontic Brackets; Printing, Three-Dimensional
PubMed: 35006236
DOI: 10.2319/073021-596.1 -
Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics =... Mar 2023As part of orthodontic treatment, air polishing is routinely used for professional tooth cleaning. Thus, we investigated the effects of static powder polishing on...
OBJECTIVES
As part of orthodontic treatment, air polishing is routinely used for professional tooth cleaning. Thus, we investigated the effects of static powder polishing on sliding behaviour and surface quality of three different bracket materials (polymer, ceramic, metal), including a 3D-printed bracket.
METHODS
Two bracket types of each material group were polished with an air-polishing device using sodium bicarbonate. Exposure times were set at 10, 20, and 60 s; the application distance was 5 mm. The force loss due to sliding resistance was tested with an orthodontic measurement and simulation system (OMSS) using a 0.016 inch × 0.022 inch stainless steel archwire. Untreated brackets served as control. Polishing effects and slot precision were evaluated using an optical digital and scanning electron microscope.
RESULTS
Sliding behaviour and slot precision differed significantly between and within the groups. Prior to polishing, polymer brackets showed the least force loss, ceramic brackets the highest. With progressive polishing time, the resistance increased significantly with titanium brackets (26 to 37%) and decreased significantly with steel brackets (36 to 25%). Polymer brackets showed the smallest changes in force loss with respect to polishing duration. Slot precision showed the largest differences between material groups and was primarily manufacturer-dependent with hardly any changes due to the polishing time.
CONCLUSION
Powder polishing can positively or negatively affect the sliding properties of the bracket-archwire complex but is more dependent on the bracket-archwire material combination (i.e., manufacture-dependent slot precision). For titanium brackets, resistance only increased after 60 s of polishing. For ceramic brackets, effective reduction was observed after 10 s of polishing. Polymer brackets, including the 3D-printed brackets, showed better sliding properties than ceramic or metal brackets even after polishing for 60 s. Removal of plaque and dental calculus should lead to a noticeable improvement of the sliding properties and outweighs structural defects that may develop.
Topics: Dental Alloys; Orthodontic Wires; Titanium; Dental Polishing; Powders; Friction; Polymers; Orthodontic Brackets; Materials Testing; Surface Properties; Dental Stress Analysis; Orthodontic Appliance Design
PubMed: 34554279
DOI: 10.1007/s00056-021-00352-9 -
Dental and Medical Problems 2022As per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines, dentists must avoid the aerosol-generating procedures during the severe acute respiratory...
Comparison of bracket bond failure with the aerosol-generating and novel non-aerosol-generating bonding techniques during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic among orthodontic patients: A retrospective cohort study.
BACKGROUND
As per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines, dentists must avoid the aerosol-generating procedures during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to compare the rate of bracket bond failure with the aerosol-generating and non-aerosol generating bonding techniques.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A retrospective cohort study was conducted during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on a sample of 44 patients (880 teeth), equally divided into 2 groups: the conventional aerosol-generating bonding technique (ABT); and the novel non-aerosol-generating bonding technique (NABT). The rate of bracket survival and total number of bracket breakages in the 2 groups were assessed by means of the survival regression analysis. The influence of pre-treatment factors, such as the sagittal jaw relationship (ANB), the Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (FMA), overjet, overbite, and upper and lower crowding, on the rate of bracket survival was also evaluated.
RESULTS
There was a statistically significant difference between ABT and NABT in terms of bracket survival. The mean bracket survival with ABT was 176.21 ±77.89 days and with NABT it was 162.53 ±83.34 days. The novel technique showed a hazard ratio of bracket survival of 2.99 as compared to the conventional method. There was a statistically significant influence of overjet on the rate of bracket survival (p = 0.010). The posterior segment had a higher rate of bracket failure as compared to the anterior segment in NABT, which was statistically significant (p < 0.001). However, this difference was statistically non-significant in the case of ABT.
CONCLUSIONS
There was an increased rate of bracket failure with NABT as compared to ABT. The rate of bracket breakages in the anterior quadrants was comparable for both bonding techniques.
Topics: COVID-19; Dental Bonding; Humans; Orthodontic Brackets; Pandemics; Retrospective Studies; SARS-CoV-2; United States
PubMed: 35775411
DOI: 10.17219/dmp/146791 -
The Angle Orthodontist Sep 2021To examine the torque moment that occurs between esthetic brackets and bendable alloy (stainless steel [SS], titanium-molybdenum [Ti-Mo], and titanium-niobium [Ti-Nb])...
OBJECTIVES
To examine the torque moment that occurs between esthetic brackets and bendable alloy (stainless steel [SS], titanium-molybdenum [Ti-Mo], and titanium-niobium [Ti-Nb]) wires.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study examined ceramic (CR), zirconium oxide (ZC), polycarbonate (PC), and conventional metallic brackets (MT) (upper, 0.018-inch and 0.022-inch slots) combined with SS, Ti-Mo, and Ti-Nb wires using elastic module ligation. The torque moments delivered by various wire and bracket combinations were measured using a torque gauge apparatus. The wire torque angles at 5-40° were examined.
RESULTS
The torque value increased in the order of CR, ZC, MT, and PC brackets for both 0.018-inch and 0.022-inch slots. The fracture points of the CR and ZC brackets combined with SS and Ti-Mo wires were approximately more than 30° and 35°, respectively. No fracture points were detected in the combination of ZC brackets and Ti-Nb wires.
CONCLUSIONS
The current study identified the material characteristics of CR, ZR, and PC brackets during torque tooth movements. The present results demonstrate a characteristic combined effect between different esthetic brackets and bendable alloy wires.
Topics: Alloys; Dental Stress Analysis; Esthetics, Dental; Materials Testing; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Orthodontic Brackets; Orthodontic Wires; Stainless Steel; Titanium; Torque
PubMed: 33822872
DOI: 10.2319/081820-729.1