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Journal of Dental Research Jun 2024With increasing digitalization in orthodontics, certain orthodontic manufacturing processes such as the fabrication of indirect bonding trays, aligner production, or... (Review)
Review
With increasing digitalization in orthodontics, certain orthodontic manufacturing processes such as the fabrication of indirect bonding trays, aligner production, or wire bending can be automated. However, orthodontic treatment planning and evaluation remains a specialist's task and responsibility. As the prediction of growth in orthodontic patients and response to orthodontic treatment is inherently complex and individual, orthodontists make use of features gathered from longitudinal, multimodal, and standardized orthodontic data sets. Currently, these data sets are used by the orthodontist to make informed, rule-based treatment decisions. In research, artificial intelligence (AI) has been successfully applied to assist orthodontists with the extraction of relevant data from such data sets. Here, AI has been applied for the analysis of clinical imagery, such as automated landmark detection in lateral cephalograms but also for evaluation of intraoral scans or photographic data. Furthermore, AI is applied to help orthodontists with decision support for treatment decisions such as the need for orthognathic surgery or for orthodontic tooth extractions. One major challenge in current AI research in orthodontics is the limited generalizability, as most studies use unicentric data with high risks of bias. Moreover, comparing AI across different studies and tasks is virtually impossible as both outcomes and outcome metrics vary widely, and underlying data sets are not standardized. Notably, only few AI applications in orthodontics have reached full clinical maturity and regulatory approval, and researchers in the field are tasked with tackling real-world evaluation and implementation of AI into the orthodontic workflow.
Topics: Humans; Artificial Intelligence; Orthodontics; Patient Care Planning; Cephalometry
PubMed: 38682436
DOI: 10.1177/00220345241235606 -
Journal of the World Federation of... Dec 2022In the digital dentistry era, new tools, algorithms, data science approaches, and computer applications are available to researchers and clinicians. However, there is... (Review)
Review
In the digital dentistry era, new tools, algorithms, data science approaches, and computer applications are available to researchers and clinicians. However, there is also a strong need for better knowledge and understanding of multisource data applications, including three-dimensional imaging information such as cone-beam computed tomography images and digital dental models for multidisciplinary cases. In addition, artificial intelligence models and automated clinical decision systems are rising. The clinician needs to plan the treatment based on state-of-the-art diagnosis for better and more personalized treatment. This article aimed to review basic concepts and the current panorama of digital implant planning in orthodontics, with open-source and closed-source tools for assessing cone-beam computed images and digital dental models. The visualization and processing of the three-dimensional data allow better implant planning based on bone conditions, adjacent teeth and root positions, and the prognosis of the case. We showed that many tools for assessment, segmentation, and visualization of cone-beam computed tomographic images and digital dental models could facilitate the treatment planning of patients needing implants or space closure. The tools and approaches presented are toward personalized treatment and better prognosis, following the path to a more automated clinical decision system based on multisource three-dimensional data, artificial intelligence models, and digital planning. In summary, the orthodontist needs to analyze each patient individually and use different software or tools that better fit their practice, allowing efficient treatment planning and satisfactory results with an adequate prognosis.
Topics: Humans; Orthodontics; Artificial Intelligence; Dental Implants; Dental Care; Orthodontists
PubMed: 36400658
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2022.10.006 -
Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 2018
Topics: Brazil; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Malocclusion; North Carolina; Orthodontists
PubMed: 30672981
DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.23.6.011-012.edt -
Journal of Indian Society of... 2019Adult orthodontics has gained widespread acceptance recently with the introduction of more esthetic options for the patient. The major deterrent that remains is the... (Review)
Review
Adult orthodontics has gained widespread acceptance recently with the introduction of more esthetic options for the patient. The major deterrent that remains is the prolonged treatment time associated with comprehensive orthodontic treatment. The objective of this paper is to present a review of techniques, which could be employed by the orthodontist in conjunction with a periodontist to enhance the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. The biological rationale and clinical manipulation have been discussed with a brief review of the current literature about these techniques. The interdisciplinary approach involving the orthodontist and the periodontist can benefit the patient by affording them with reduced treatment time.
PubMed: 30692736
DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_207_18 -
Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research May 2019To develop a clinical practice guideline (CPG) for orthodontic retention (OR). (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To develop a clinical practice guideline (CPG) for orthodontic retention (OR).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The CPG was developed according to the AGREE II instrument and EBRO (Dutch methodology for evidence-based guideline development). Reporting was done according the RIGHT statement. A Task Force developed clinical questions regarding OR. To answer these questions, a systematic literature search in PubMed and EMBASE was performed. Two independent researchers identified and selected studies, assessed risk of bias using Cochrane RoB tool and rated quality of evidence using GRADE. The Task Force formulated considerations and recommendations after discussing the evidence. The concept CPG was sent for commentary to all relevant stakeholders.
RESULT
One systematic review-with 15 studies-met the inclusion criteria. In case of low evidence and lack of outcome measures, expert-based considerations were developed. Over four meetings, the Task Force reached consensus on considerations and recommendations, after which the concept CPG was ready for the commentary phase. After processing the comments, the CPG was presented to the Dutch Association of Orthodontists, whereafter authorization followed.
LIMITATIONS
The paucity of evidence-based studies concerning OR and the reporting of measurable patient outcomes.
CONCLUSION
This CPG offers practitioner recommendations for best practice regarding OR, may reduce variation between practices and assists with patient aftercare. A carefully chosen retention procedure for individual patients, combined with clear information and communication between orthodontist, dentist and patient will contribute to long-term maintenance of orthodontic treatment results.
PubMed: 30771260
DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12302 -
Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 2023Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects an important part of the population and is characterized by recurrent total or partial obstruction of the upper airway (UA) during... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects an important part of the population and is characterized by recurrent total or partial obstruction of the upper airway (UA) during sleep, negatively affecting the quality of life of patients in the short and long terms, and constituting an important public health problem for the society. The field of expertise of orthodontists is closely related to the UA, placing them in a strategic position to diagnose air passage failures and intervene when necessary. Orthodontists, as health professionals, must know how to recognize respiratory problems and manage them appropriately, when indicated.
OBJECTIVE
Thus, this paper aims to review and critically evaluate the related literature, to provide orthodontists with updated knowledge on the diagnosis and therapy related to OSA. Science and technology are constantly evolving; thus, the literature was also reviewed considering new technologies available in consumer-targeted applications and devices for the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of sleep-disordered breathing.
Topics: Humans; Orthodontists; Quality of Life; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
PubMed: 37075419
DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.28.1.e23spe1 -
Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 2021The efficiency of clinical procedures is based on practical and theoretical knowledge. Countless daily information is available to the orthodontist, but it is up to this...
INTRODUCTION
The efficiency of clinical procedures is based on practical and theoretical knowledge. Countless daily information is available to the orthodontist, but it is up to this professional to know how to select what really has an impact on clinical practice. Evidence-based orthodontics ends up requiring the clinician to know the basics of biostatistics to understand the results of scientific publications. Such concepts are also important for researchers, for correct data planning and analysis.
OBJECTIVE
This article aims to present, in a clear way, some essential concepts of biostatistics that assist the clinical orthodontist in understanding scientific research, for an evidence-based clinical practice. In addition, an updated version of the tutorial to assist in choosing the appropriate statistical test will be presented. This PowerPoint® tool can be used to assist the user in finding answers to common questions about biostatistics, such as the most appropriate statistical test for comparing groups, choosing graphs, performing correlations and regressions, analyzing casual, random or systematic errors.
CONCLUSION
Researchers and clinicians must acquire or recall essential concepts to understand and apply an appropriate statistical analysis. It is important that journal readers and reviewers can identify when statistical analyzes are being inappropriately used.
Topics: Biostatistics; Humans; Research Design; Research Personnel
PubMed: 33729294
DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.26.1.E21SPE1 -
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic... Jan 2015Start with end in mind' is a popular cliché in orthodontics. This aptly applies to the therapeutic occlusion the orthodontist strives to achieve. Predicting the post...
Start with end in mind' is a popular cliché in orthodontics. This aptly applies to the therapeutic occlusion the orthodontist strives to achieve. Predicting the post treatment occlusion is an essential component of treatment planning. When no extractions or symmetric extractions are done predicting the final occlusion is somewhat easy. Prediction is challenging when we do unconventional and/or asymmetric extractions. To aid this decision Kesling proposed the 'Kesling Setup'. Though it serves the purpose acceptably; it is time, energy and money consuming. We have developed a model which can help us visualize the final occlusion in matter of seconds. Although this model is primarily intended for orthodontic postgraduate teaching, it can be of considerable use even to a seasoned orthodontist. The regular use of "Orthodontic Calculator" in our department is a testimony to its usefulness.
PubMed: 25738101
DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2015/9438.5460 -
Archives of Craniofacial Surgery Dec 2021Orthognathic surgery has steadily evolved, gradually expanding its scope of application beyond its original purpose of simply correcting malocclusion and the facial...
Orthognathic surgery has steadily evolved, gradually expanding its scope of application beyond its original purpose of simply correcting malocclusion and the facial profile. For instance, it is now used to treat obstructive sleep apnea and to achieve purely cosmetic outcomes. Recent developments in three-dimensional digital technology are being utilized throughout the entire process of orthognathic surgery, from establishing a surgical plan to printing the surgical splint. These processes have made it possible to perform more sophisticated surgery. The goal of this review article is to introduce current trends in the field of orthognathic surgery and controversies that are under active discussion. The role of a plastic surgeon is not limited to performing orthognathic surgery itself, but also encompasses deep involvement throughout the entire process, including the set-up of surgical occlusion and overall surgical planning. The authors summarize various aspects in the field of orthognathic surgery with the hope of providing helpful information both for plastic surgeons and orthodontists who are interested in orthognathic surgery.
PubMed: 34974683
DOI: 10.7181/acfs.2021.00598 -
Turkish Journal of Orthodontics Mar 2024The aim of this study was to determine how orthodontists utilize the social media application Instagram for health communication.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to determine how orthodontists utilize the social media application Instagram for health communication.
METHODS
Four Turkish keywords were manually searched on the Instagram platform on February 12, 2022: "orthodontist" (ortodontist), "orthodontics" (), "orthodontic specialist" (), and "doctor of orthodontist" (). A total of 195 orthodontist accounts matching the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups: public and private. Profile information analyses were performed, and the results for public and private accounts were compared. Public accounts were further divided by gender and whether they shared a company name in their profiles. Groups were compared according to post content and type of patient photo. Statistical analysis involved the Shapiro-Wilk test, an Independent Samples t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and chi-square and Kappa tests.
RESULTS
The number of posts (96.06±149.30 vs. 195.36±248.51) and followers (1,250.56±2,347.47 vs. 4,071.43±6,557.63) were higher for public accounts. The number of followers (3,171.62±4,645.08 vs. 5,472.57±8,595.99) and daily posts (0.17±0.37 vs. 0.23±0.43) were higher for accounts with a company name. In the content analysis, posts on clear aligners (1.51±4.74 vs. 6.60±18.60, p<0.05) and patient and company advertisements were more common (0.49±1.85 vs. 3.70±10.70, p<0.05) for accounts with a company name.
CONCLUSION
While public orthodontist accounts commonly promote fixed mechanics as a treatment option, accounts with a company name adopt a different approach, emphasizing the sharing of information about clear aligners.
PubMed: 38556948
DOI: 10.4274/TurkJOrthod.2022.2022.78