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Dermatology Online Journal Mar 2017Osteoma cutis is a condition characterized by theformation of bone within the skin. Such aberrantossification of the skin and subcutaneous tissue isconsidered primary...
Osteoma cutis is a condition characterized by theformation of bone within the skin. Such aberrantossification of the skin and subcutaneous tissue isconsidered primary when it arises in the absence ofunderlying tissue damage or a preceding cutaneouslesion. Conversely, secondary osteoma cutis occurswhen skin ossification is the result of a pre-existingskin lesion, trauma, or inflammatory process [1,2].Although rare, primary osteoma cutis has beenassociated with a number of different geneticdisorders. Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO),a condition first described in 1942 by Fuller Albright,is an autosomal dominant metabolic disorder causedby a mutation in the GNAS1 gene [3]. This disease isassociated with a variety of phenotypic traits includingcutaneous ossification, short stature, brachydactyly,obesity, and mental retardation. It should be notedthat brachydactyly is the most specific feature of AHO[4]. However, owing to variable expressivity individualsmay present only with a subset of these symptoms [5,6]. The cutaneous ossification observed in patientswith AHO may be seen in infancy or early childhoodand is sometimes the earliest presenting symptom.Nonetheless, because clinical features of AHO canbe seen in the absence of metabolic derangements(i.e. normal serum calcium, phosphorus, and PTHlevels) an early diagnosis is often missed and delayedfor many years. Herein, we present a case of miliaryosteoma cutis of the face in a 68 year-old woman withphenotypic features of AHO and laboratory studiesconsistent with type 1a PHP.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Aged; Bone Diseases, Metabolic; Brachydactyly; Facial Dermatoses; Female; Humans; Ossification, Heterotopic; Pseudohypoparathyroidism; Skin Diseases, Genetic
PubMed: 28329522
DOI: No ID Found -
Cureus Sep 2022The most common tender cutaneous neoplasm is a dermatofibroma. The characteristics of three women (35 to 42 years old) with painful dermatofibromas are described. One...
The most common tender cutaneous neoplasm is a dermatofibroma. The characteristics of three women (35 to 42 years old) with painful dermatofibromas are described. One woman was receiving immunosuppressive therapy for the past decade following a liver transplant; the other women were healthy. The dermatofibroma was located on the buttock, shoulder, and arm, respectively; tumor-related pain had been present for several months to at least a year. The dermal nodules ranged in diameter from 5 millimeters to 12 millimeters and were either flesh-colored to slightly red or brown or tan; one tumor was surrounded by a hyperpigmented patch. Microscopic examination showed the following dermatofibroma variants: classic (fibrocollagenous) in two women and histiocytic in one woman. All the women experienced resolution, without recurrence, of pain following the punch biopsy that only removed the majority (but not all) of the dermatofibroma. Tender cutaneous neoplasms include not only dermatofibromas and other fibrous lesions, but also adipose, bone, calcium, cartilage, eccrine, infiltrative, lymphoproliferative, muscle, neural, and vascular tumors. Acronyms and acrostics are mnemonic devices that have been used by clinicians to aid in recalling the diagnoses associated with painful skin tumors. When there were only 11 or less number of pain-related cutaneous conditions, shorter acronyms associated with either a woman's name, a country or an egg were used. A unique acrostic inspired by Charlotte's Web, a children's book by E. B. White, was created when the differential diagnosis of tender cutaneous neoplasms expanded to 25 tumors. The sequential discovery of additional tender skin lesions resulted in two subsequent minor revisions to the original, hog-related, mnemonic. Herein, a new acrostic -- that is not only able to incorporate the inspiration from Charlotte's Web, but also includes cutaneous lymphoma and a final category of "everything else" in order to maintain the future integrity of mnemonic -- for the painful tumors of the skin is proposed: HOG FLED PEN AND GETS CALM LIFE BACK (hidradenoma, osteoma cutis, glomus tumor, fibromyxoma [superficial acral], leiomyosarcoma [cutaneous], eccrine angiomatous hamartoma, Dercum's disease, piezogenic pedal papule, eccrine spiradenoma, neurilemmoma, angiolipoma, neuroma, dermatofibroma, granular cell tumor, endometriosis [cutaneous], thrombus [cutaneous organizing], scar, calcinosis cutis, angioendotheliomatosis [reactive], leiomyoma, metastases [cutaneous], lymphoma [cutaneous], intravenous lobular capillary hemangioma, foreign body [and foreign body reaction], everything else, blue rubber bled nevus, angioma [tufted], chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis, and keloid).
PubMed: 36321023
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29713 -
Acta Dermato-venereologica Nov 2019
Topics: Alopecia; Bone Diseases, Metabolic; Clobetasol; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Lichen Planus; Middle Aged; Ossification, Heterotopic; Scalp; Scalp Dermatoses; Skin Diseases, Genetic; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31449318
DOI: 10.2340/00015555-3295 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2017Osteoma cutis or cutaneous ossification is a rare entity characterized by the formation of bone in the skin. We present an isolated primary osteoma cutis located on the...
Osteoma cutis or cutaneous ossification is a rare entity characterized by the formation of bone in the skin. We present an isolated primary osteoma cutis located on the palm, an atypical location.
Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Bone Diseases, Metabolic; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Male; Ossification, Heterotopic; Pain; Rare Diseases; Skin Diseases, Genetic
PubMed: 29267465
DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20175464 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2020Secondary osteoma cutis is a phenomenon that may occur in several conditions. When it occurs in a melanocytic nevus it is named osteonevus of Nanta, an event considered...
Secondary osteoma cutis is a phenomenon that may occur in several conditions. When it occurs in a melanocytic nevus it is named osteonevus of Nanta, an event considered uncommon and characterized by the presence of bone formation adjacent or interposed with melanocytic cells. There are reports of its occurrence in various melanocytic lesions, being more frequently associated with intradermal nevus. We report a case of osteonevus of Nanta in combined nevus, possibly the first description of this association.
Topics: Adult; Bone Diseases, Metabolic; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Melanocytes; Nevus, Intradermal; Nevus, Pigmented; Ossification, Heterotopic; Scalp Dermatoses; Skin Diseases, Genetic; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 32265056
DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2019.04.017 -
Journal of Nippon Medical School =... Nov 2022Cutaneous ossification is a rare benign dermatological condition in which bone forms in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue. It is classified as primary when it emerges...
Cutaneous ossification is a rare benign dermatological condition in which bone forms in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue. It is classified as primary when it emerges without a pre-existing condition and secondary when it is associated with an underlying condition such as trauma, scars, inflammation, or neoplastic disease. The secondary form accounts for most cases of cutaneous ossification. The pathogenesis of cutaneous ossification is not clear. Keloids are benign fibroproliferative skin disorders characterized by chronic inflammation. Their pathogenesis is also not fully understood. We report two cases of postoperative secondary ossification in lower abdominal keloids and review the literature on secondary ossification of the skin. We speculate that severe chronic inflammation in keloids drives osteoblastic transformation of mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial cells, or fibroblasts in the keloids.
Topics: Humans; Keloid; Endothelial Cells; Inflammation; Abdomen
PubMed: 35400721
DOI: 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2022_89-502 -
Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology : Case... 2019
PubMed: 30745729
DOI: 10.1297/cpe.28.15 -
World Journal of Clinical Cases Feb 2020Pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia (PHP Ia) is a rare hereditary syndrome, and patients with early PHP Ia are generally not diagnosed based on the presentation of...
BACKGROUND
Pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia (PHP Ia) is a rare hereditary syndrome, and patients with early PHP Ia are generally not diagnosed based on the presentation of cutaneous nodules as the main clinical feature. Here, we describe a Chinese boy with PHP Ia in whom the main clinical feature was cutaneous nodules, and the patient exhibited a novel mutation.
CASE SUMMARY
A 5-year-old boy presented with a 5-year history of cutaneous nodules scattered over his entire body. The patient had a short stature, round face, short neck, and slightly flattened nose; he also had multiple hard papules and cutaneous nodules scattered over his entire body. The patient had a significantly elevated parathyroid hormone level. His serum calcium level was reduced, while his serum phosphorus level was increased and his serum thyroid-stimulating hormone level was elevated. Skin biopsy showed osteoma cutis in subcutaneous tissue. Sanger sequencing revealed a frameshift mutation, c.399delT (p.Ser133Argfs*2) in exon 5 of the gene. The patient was diagnosed with PHP Ia and subclinical hypothyroidism. He was given 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, calcium carbonate, and synthetic L-thyroxine. After 3 months of treatment, the patient's parathyroid hormone level decreased, and his serum calcium and serum phosphorus levels were normal. Moreover, his thyroid-stimulating hormone level decreased.
CONCLUSION
These findings can help dermatologists to diagnose PHP Ia in patients with cutaneous nodules as the main early clinical feature.
PubMed: 32110670
DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i3.587 -
BMC Ophthalmology Mar 2024An ocular osseous choristoma is a growth of mature, compact bone in the ocular or periocular soft tissue, and it is the rarest form of ocular choristoma, accounting for...
BACKGROUND
An ocular osseous choristoma is a growth of mature, compact bone in the ocular or periocular soft tissue, and it is the rarest form of ocular choristoma, accounting for only 1.7% of all epibulbar choristomas.
CASE PRESENTATION
Herein we present the case of a 20-month-old girl who was referred to the oculoplasty clinic with a progressively growing mass in the left lateral canthus. It had been present since birth without ocular involvement. Upon examination the mass was firm with a smooth surface, measured 9 × 6 × 3 mm, and exhibited no episcleral attachment or ocular involvement. An excisional biopsy was performed, and the histopathological findings were consistent with osseous choristoma of the left lateral canthus.
CONCLUSIONS
This report highlights the importance of considering osseous choristoma in the differential diagnosis of eyelid lesions, particularly those that have been present since birth. It also emphasizes the need for further studies investigating associations between osseous choristomas and ocular canthi.
Topics: Female; Humans; Infant; Choristoma; Lacrimal Apparatus; Eye Diseases; Eyelids; Bone and Bones
PubMed: 38549111
DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03403-y -
Cureus Feb 2020Cutaneous tender tumors manifest as painful dermal or subcutaneous masses. Acronyms, a memory aid created from the initial letters of other words, can be used to assist...
Foreign Body (Solder) and Reaction to the Foreign Body Presenting As a Cutaneous Tender Tumor: Case Report and a New Acronym to Aid in Recalling the Differential Diagnosis of Painful Skin Lesions.
Cutaneous tender tumors manifest as painful dermal or subcutaneous masses. Acronyms, a memory aid created from the initial letters of other words, can be used to assist in recalling a list of conditions. We report the case of a man who presented with a painful lesion on his leg; 15 years earlier, hot solder had embedded beneath his skin at that location. The subcutaneous mass was removed, and his symptoms resolved. Microscopic evaluation of the specimen showed a foreign body reaction to metal. Therefore, after correlating his medical history, clinical presentation, and pathology findings, the diagnosis of a foreign body (solder) and a foreign body reaction to solder, as a cause of the patient's painful skin lesion, was established. Including our patient's diagnosis for his painful skin lesion, the list of conditions that have been described as presenting as a cutaneous tender tumor include calcinosis cutis, angioendotheliomatosis, leiomyoma, metastases, hidradenoma, osteoma cutis, glomus tumor, scar, fibromyxoma, leiomyosarcoma, eccrine angiomatous hamartoma, Dercum's disease, piezogenic pedal papule, eccrine spiradenoma, neurilemmoma, something else (such as foreign body (solder) and a reaction to the foreign body), angiolipoma, neuroma, dermatofibroma, granular cell tumor, endometriosis, thrombus, blue rubber bleb nevus, angioma, chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis, and keloid. We introduce a novel acronym for painful lesions of the skin that was inspired by the book Charlotte's Web in which a barn spider (Charlotte), by weaving praises of a pig (Wilbur) into her web, is responsible for the pig's life being spared. Wilbur is a calm pig; however, there was an episode when he temporarily fled his pen and was subsequently induced, with a pail of slop, to get back into the pen. The new acronym for cutaneous tender tumors uses the initial letter of each of the 26 currently established painful skin lesions: CALM HOGS FLED PENS AND GET BACK.
PubMed: 32190505
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.6955