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Computational Intelligence and... 2022As an important part of the modern sports industry system, the quality and level of its development are related to whether China's sports industry can successfully...
As an important part of the modern sports industry system, the quality and level of its development are related to whether China's sports industry can successfully become a pillar industry of the national economy. Therefore, the development of the ice and snow sports industry is to promote the expansion of China's sports industry scale high quality development of the national economy and an important way to build sports power. Participative sports consumption is the most important part of sports consumption and the development of the sports industry. The sports industry separated from participative sports consumption is water without source and tree without roots, while participative sports consumption demand is the power source of participative sports consumption. At present, there is no systematic and complete research on participation sports consumption demand. In order to understand the causes and demand state of residents' participation sports consumption demand and provide entry points for enterprises to formulate marketing strategies, this study constructs an organic system with participation sports service products as consumption objects, centering on the demanding state of participation sports consumers. In the system, on the theory of supply and demand, under the guidance of consumption economics theory, adhere to the combination of theoretical research and empirical analysis, the combination of macroplanning and microdesign, the combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, through the empirical investigation and receipt collection of residents' participation sports consumption demand, the use of systematic analysis, literature method, and survey method, through mathematical analysis, and other research methods, the paper explores the main causes and demand conditions of residents' participation sports consumption demand in different consumption states and excavates the main causes and demand conditions of participating sports consumption demand in different consumption states under different sports levels.
Topics: Algorithms; China; Ice; Industry; Snow Sports; Social Identification
PubMed: 35814582
DOI: 10.1155/2022/2174910 -
Journal of Health Disparities Research... 2020Clinical trials (CT) in breast cancer have been crucial for new treatment discoveries. While participation in cancer CT is low, minorities are particularly...
BACKGROUND
Clinical trials (CT) in breast cancer have been crucial for new treatment discoveries. While participation in cancer CT is low, minorities are particularly underrepresented. This study aimed to identify factors influencing the participation in CTs based on the experiences of Latina breast cancer survivors in Puerto Rico (PR), especially their CT knowledge, motivations, and concerns.
METHOD
Focus groups (FG) were conducted by two social workers and the University of Puerto Rico/MD Anderson Community Health Educator. Participants were stratified into two subgroups: a) women with CT experience and b) those without CT experience. Seven FG were completed among breast cancer survivors (n=34) at two hospitals located in Caguas and San Juan, PR.
RESULTS
Our findings showed that participants expressed a basic knowledge and understanding of clinical trials. Motivations to participate included a desire to help others, non-monetary incentives to participation, self-benefits, readiness to participate based on the phases of illness, and enhanced relationships with the clinical trial recruitment team. Regardless of their previous experience with CTs, participants expressed concerns about participation including limited of knowledge about trial procedures and results, and lack of transportation, childcare, and support from family.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The barriers and motivations identified for CT participation are modifiable and best targeted using a multidisciplinary approach. Social workers could play a potential role in participant recruitment and retention by clarifying research protocols to potential participants, as well as conducting CT. Our findings can help enhance capacity and training efforts for health professionals involved in CT recruitment and retention in culturally-relevant ways.
PubMed: 34221702
DOI: No ID Found -
PloS One 2022Jordan was the first Arab country to enact clinical research regulations. The country has a well-flourished pharmaceutical industry that leans heavily on clinical...
Jordan was the first Arab country to enact clinical research regulations. The country has a well-flourished pharmaceutical industry that leans heavily on clinical research (CR) for drug development and post-marketing surveillance. In this cross-sectional study, we sought to assess the public's awareness and attitude towards CR as well as their perceived motivators and barriers to CR participation. A population-based, self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the general public in Jordan. Among the 1061 participants in this survey, 74% reported being aware of CR. The majority (70%) agreed to the role of CR in health promotion. Online information and healthcare staff were the two main sources of CR information for the participants. About 25% of the participants received prior invitations to participate in CR with 21% agreeing to participate. However, most participants of the current study (63%) were willing to participate in future CR. Contributing to science, benefiting others, and promoting one's own health were the top motivating factors for participating in CR; while time constraints, fear of research procedure, and lack of interest were the most cited reasons for rejecting participation. Filling out questionnaire surveys, donating blood samples, and participating in physical examinations were the main CR contributions of the participants. Nearly 31% of the participants believed that CR is conducted in a responsible and ethical manner, while 57% did not have an opinion regarding the same matter. In addition, 49% and 44% were neutral with regards to the degree of harm and confidentiality posed by CR. While only 27% disagreed that CR exposes participants to some form of harm, 48% either strongly agreed (15%) or agreed (33%) that it maintains high level of confidentiality for participants. The current study provides insight into the public's perception of CR in Jordan as well as its motivating factors and perceived barriers towards participating in CR. We envisage to utilize this insight as an aid in the design of vigilant future awareness campaigns and recruitment strategies.
Topics: Arabs; Attitude; Confidentiality; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 35749422
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270300 -
BMC Medical Ethics Apr 2022Limited research has been conducted on explanations and understandings of biobanking for future genomic research in African contexts with low literacy and limited...
Participant recall and understandings of information on biobanking and future genomic research: experiences from a multi-disease community-based health screening and biobank platform in rural South Africa.
BACKGROUND
Limited research has been conducted on explanations and understandings of biobanking for future genomic research in African contexts with low literacy and limited healthcare access. We report on the findings of a sub-study on participant understanding embedded in a multi-disease community health screening and biobank platform study known as 'Vukuzazi' in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
METHODS
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with research participants who had been invited to take part in the Vukuzazi study, including both participants and non-participants, and research staff that worked on the study. The interviews were transcribed, and themes were identified from the interview transcripts, manually coded, and thematically analysed.
RESULTS
Thirty-nine individuals were interviewed. We found that the research team explained biobanking and future genomic research by describing how hereditary characteristics create similarities among individuals. However, recollection and understanding of this explanation seven months after participation was variable. The large volume of information about the Vukuzazi study objectives and procedures presented a challenge to participant recall. By the time of interviews, some participants recalled rudimentary facts about the genetic aspects of the study, but many expressed little to no interest in genetics and biobanking.
CONCLUSION
Participant's understanding of information related to genetics and biobanking provided during the consent process is affected by the volume of information as well as participant's interest (or lack thereof) in the subject matter being discussed. We recommend that future studies undertaking biobanking and genomic research treat explanations of this kind of research to participants as an on-going process of communication between researchers, participants and the community and that explanatory imagery and video graphic storytelling should be incorporated into theses explanations as these have previously been found to facilitate understanding among those with low literacy levels. Studies should also avoid having broader research objectives as this can divert participant's interest and therefore understanding of why their samples are being collected.
Topics: Biological Specimen Banks; Genome; Humans; Informed Consent; Public Health; South Africa
PubMed: 35436913
DOI: 10.1186/s12910-022-00782-z -
Pilot and Feasibility Studies Sep 2021Previous studies have shown that stigma is a major barrier to participation in psychiatric research and that individuals who participate in psychiatric research may...
BACKGROUND
Previous studies have shown that stigma is a major barrier to participation in psychiatric research and that individuals who participate in psychiatric research may differ clinically and demographically from non-participants. However, few studies have explored research recruitment and retention challenges in the context of personality disorders.
AIM
To provide an analysis of the factors affecting participant recruitment and retention in a study of borderline personality disorder among general psychiatric inpatients.
METHODS
Adult inpatients in a tertiary psychiatric hospital were approached about participating in a cross-sectional study of borderline personality disorder. Recruitment rates, retention rates, and reasons for declining participation or withdrawing from the study were collected. Demographic characteristics were compared between participants and non-participants and between patients who remained in the study and those who withdrew.
RESULTS
A total of 71 participants were recruited into the study between January 2018 and March 2020. Recruitment and retention rates were 45% and 70%, respectively. Lack of interest was the most commonly cited reason for non-participation, followed by scheduling conflicts and concerns regarding mental/physical well-being. Age and sex were not predictors of study participation or retention.
CONCLUSIONS
More research is needed to explore patients' perspectives and attitudes towards borderline personality disorder diagnosis and research, determine effects of different recruitment strategies, and identify clinical predictors of recruitment and retention in personality disorder research.
PubMed: 34544490
DOI: 10.1186/s40814-021-00915-y -
Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine 2019Bronchoscopy is frequently used to sample the lower airways in lung microbiome studies. Despite being a safe procedure, it is associated with discomfort that may result...
BACKGROUND
Bronchoscopy is frequently used to sample the lower airways in lung microbiome studies. Despite being a safe procedure, it is associated with discomfort that may result in reservations regarding participation in research bronchoscopy studies. Information on participation in research bronchoscopy studies is limited. We report response rates, reasons for non-response, motivation for participation, and predictors of participation in a large-scale single-centre bronchoscopy study ("MicroCOPD").
METHODS
Two hundred forty-nine participants underwent at least one bronchoscopy in addition to being examined by a physician, having lung function tested, and being offered a CT scan of the heart and lungs (subjects > 40 years). Each participant was asked an open question regarding motivation. Non-response reasons were gathered, and response rates were calculated.
RESULTS
The study had a response rate just above 50%, and men had a significantly higher response rate than women (56.5% vs. 44.8%, = 0.01). Procedural fear was the most common non-response reason. Most participants participated due to perceived personal benefit, but a large proportion did also participate to help others and contribute to science. Men were less likely to give exclusive altruistic motives, whereas subjects with asthma were more likely to report exclusive personal benefit as main motive.
CONCLUSION
Response rates of about 50% in bronchoscopy studies make large bronchoscopy studies feasible, but the fact that participants are motivated by their own health status places a large responsibility on the investigators regarding the accuracy of the provided study information.
PubMed: 31069076
DOI: 10.1186/s40248-019-0178-3 -
Journal of Medical Ethics Feb 2023When a minor research participant reaches the age of majority or the level of maturity necessary to be granted legal decision-making capacity, reconsent can be required...
When a minor research participant reaches the age of majority or the level of maturity necessary to be granted legal decision-making capacity, reconsent can be required for ongoing participation in research or use of health information and banked biological materials. Despite potential logistical concerns with implementation and ethical questions about the trade-offs between maximising respect for participant agency and facilitating research that may generate benefits, reconsent is the approach most consistent with both law and research ethics.Canadian common law consent requirements are expansive and likely compel reconsent on obtaining capacity. Common law doctrine recognises that children are entitled to decision-making authority that reflects their evolving intelligence and understanding. Health consent legislation varies by province but generally either compels reconsent on obtaining capacity or delegates the ability to determine reconsent to research ethics boards. These boards largely rely on the Canada's national ethics policy, the Tri-Council Policy Statement, which states that, with few exceptions, reconsent for continued participation is required when minors gain capacity that would allow them to consent to the research in which they participate. A strict interpretation of this policy could require researchers to perform frequent capacity assessments, potentially presenting feasibility concerns. In addition, Canadian policy and law are generally consistent with the core principles of key international ethical standards from the United Nations and elsewhere.In sum, reconsent of paediatric participants upon obtaining capacity should be explicit and informed in Canada, and should not be presumed from continued participation alone.
Topics: Humans; Child; Canada; Ethics, Research; Research Personnel; Informed Consent
PubMed: 35046134
DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2021-107958 -
Implementation Science Communications Jul 2023Knowledge translation (KT) is a key competency for trainees (graduate students and post-doctoral fellows), the new generation of researchers who must learn how to...
BACKGROUND
Knowledge translation (KT) is a key competency for trainees (graduate students and post-doctoral fellows), the new generation of researchers who must learn how to synthesize, disseminate, exchange, and ethically apply knowledge to improve patient and health system services, products, and outcomes. KT training is a key enabler to support KT competency development. Yet, there is a dearth of research on the design, delivery, and evaluation of KT training for trainees.
METHODS
The study applied a QUAN(qual) mixed methods approach with an embedded experimental model design. A heart and lung patient was also recruited to participate as a partner and researcher in the study. A multi-faceted KT intervention for trainees was designed, delivered, and evaluated. Data were collected using surveys and focus groups. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in R Studio and MS Excel. Qualitative data were analyzed in NVivo using thematic analysis.
RESULTS
Participation in each KT intervention varied, with 8-42 participants attending KT webinars, 61 attendees in the Three Minute Thesis (3MT) Competition Heat, and 31 participants in the Patient & Public Forum. In total, 27 trainees and 4 faculty participated in at least one of the KT webinars. Trainee participants reported satisfaction, as well as statistically significant increases in 10/13 KT competencies after receiving one or more components of the KT intervention. Additionally, participating faculty, patients, and the public were satisfied with the intervention components they participated in. Several challenges and facilitators were also identified to improve the KT intervention.
CONCLUSIONS
The KT intervention is a promising initiative that can be adopted and adapted across various post-secondary settings to support trainees' competency development in KT. This evaluation demonstrates that trainees will respond to opportunities for KT training and that capacity for KT competencies can be advanced through a multi-faceted intervention that involves trainees, faculty, patients, and health system collaborators in its design and delivery. This evaluation study contributes the design and results of a novel KT intervention for multi-stakeholders.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
N/A.
PubMed: 37488655
DOI: 10.1186/s43058-023-00465-9 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2021The aim was to investigate the relationships among extreme sports participation, sensation seeking, and negative risky behaviors (smoking, drinking alcohol, and...
The aim was to investigate the relationships among extreme sports participation, sensation seeking, and negative risky behaviors (smoking, drinking alcohol, and gambling) for middle-school students. Using a convenience sampling procedure, all students from a middle school in a district of Chongqing were selected to participate in the survey, which included questions on their extreme sports participation rate, and smoking, drinking alcohol, and gambling behavior. A sample of 2,987 middle-school students participated in this study. The results showed that the proportions of students participating in extreme sports, smoking, drinking alcohol, and gambling were 19.9, 4.8, 18.4, and 3.0%, respectively. There were significant differences between different genders, schools, place of residence, smoking, drinking, gambling, and sensation seeking of the participation rate of students of extreme sports, the rate of boys, junior middle-school students, urban students, smokers, alcohol drinkers, gamblers, and high-sensation-seeking students were relatively higher than that of girls, senior middle-school students, rural students, no-smokers, no-alcohol drinkers, no-gamblers, and low-sensation-seeking students. Alcohol drinking, gambling, and sensation seeking were associated with extreme sports participation, and the students who drank alcohol, who gambled, and who were high sensation seeking were more likely to participate in extreme sports than those who did not drink alcohol, who did not gamble, and who were low sensation seeking. Middle schools should integrate extreme sports education into physical education and risky-behavior education, strengthen relevant knowledge and safety training, and guide students to meet their sensation-seeking needs through participation in extreme sports instead of risky behaviors.
PubMed: 34526940
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.722769 -
JMIR MHealth and UHealth Jul 2021With the growing interest in mobile health (mHealth), behavioral medicine researchers are increasingly conducting intervention studies that use mobile technology (eg, to...
BACKGROUND
With the growing interest in mobile health (mHealth), behavioral medicine researchers are increasingly conducting intervention studies that use mobile technology (eg, to support healthy behavior change). Such studies' scientific premises are often sound, yet there is a dearth of implementational data on which to base mHealth research methodologies. Notably, mHealth approaches must be designed to be acceptable to research participants to support meaningful engagement, but little empirical data about design factors influencing acceptability in such studies exist.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to evaluate the impact of two common design factors in mHealth intervention research-requiring multiple devices (eg, a study smartphone and wrist sensor) relative to requiring a single device and providing individually tailored feedback as opposed to generic content-on reported participant acceptability.
METHODS
A diverse US adult convenience sample (female: 104/255, 40.8%; White: 208/255, 81.6%; aged 18-74 years) was recruited to complete a web-based experiment. A 2×2 factorial design (number of devices×nature of feedback) was used. A learning module explaining the necessary concepts (eg, behavior change interventions, acceptability, and tailored content) was presented, followed by four vignettes (representing each factorial cell) that were presented to participants in a random order. The vignettes each described a hypothetical mHealth intervention study featuring different combinations of the two design factors (requiring a single device vs multiple devices and providing tailored vs generic content). Participants rated acceptability dimensions (interest, benefit, enjoyment, utility, confidence, difficulty, and overall likelihood of participating) for each study presented.
RESULTS
Reported interest, benefit, enjoyment, confidence in completing study requirements, and perceived utility were each significantly higher for studies featuring tailored (vs generic) content, and the overall estimate of the likelihood of participation was significantly higher. Ratings of interest, benefit, and perceived utility were significantly higher for studies requiring multiple devices (vs a single device); however, multiple device studies also had significantly lower ratings of confidence in completing study requirements, and participation was seen as more difficult and was associated with a lower estimated likelihood of participation. The two factors did not exhibit any evidence of statistical interactions in any of the outcomes tested.
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that potential research participants are sensitive to mHealth design factors. These mHealth intervention design factors may be important for initial perceptions of acceptability (in research or clinical settings). This, in turn, may be associated with participant (eg, self) selection processes, differential compliance with study or treatment processes, or retention over time.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Telemedicine
PubMed: 34309563
DOI: 10.2196/23303