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Annals of Palliative Medicine Feb 2019Palliative care is patient- and family-centered care that enhances quality of life throughout the illness trajectory and can ease the symptoms, discomfort, and stress... (Review)
Review
Palliative care is patient- and family-centered care that enhances quality of life throughout the illness trajectory and can ease the symptoms, discomfort, and stress for children living with life-threatening conditions and their families. This paper aims to increase nurses' and other healthcare providers' awareness of selected recent research initiatives aimed at enhancing life and decreasing suffering for these children and their families. Topics were selected based on identified gaps in the pediatric palliative care literature. Published articles and authors' ongoing research were used to describe selected components of pediatric palliative nursing care including (I) examples of interventions (legacy and animal-assisted interventions); (II) international studies (parent-sibling bereavement, continuing bonds in Ecuador, and circumstances surrounding deaths in Honduras); (III) recruitment methods; (IV) communication among pediatric patients, their parents, and the healthcare team; (V) training in pediatric palliative care; (VI) nursing education; and (VII) nurses' role in supporting the community. Nurses are in ideal roles to provide pediatric palliative care at the bedside, serve as leaders to advance the science of pediatric palliative care, and support the community.
Topics: Adolescent; Bereavement; Child; Education, Nursing; Female; Hospice and Palliative Care Nursing; Human-Animal Bond; Humans; Male; Nurse's Role; Nurse-Patient Relations; Palliative Care; Parents; Pediatric Nursing; Social Support
PubMed: 30180727
DOI: 10.21037/apm.2018.06.01 -
Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North... Dec 2018Neonates may experience more than 300 painful procedures throughout their hospitalizations. Prior to 1980, there was a longstanding misconception that neonates do not... (Review)
Review
Neonates may experience more than 300 painful procedures throughout their hospitalizations. Prior to 1980, there was a longstanding misconception that neonates do not experience pain. Current studies demonstrate that not only do neonates experience pain but also, due to their immature nervous systems, they are hypersensitive to painful stimuli. Poorly treated pain may lead to negative long-term consequences. Proper assessment of neonate pain is vital. The use of nonpharmacologic treatments may be beneficial in alleviating neonate pain. Pharmacologic treatments in the neonate have been well established. Pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions can be used in conjunction to increase the efficacy of analgesia.
Topics: Hospitalization; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; Neonatal Nursing; Pain; Pain Management; Pain Measurement; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 30447813
DOI: 10.1016/j.cnc.2018.07.013 -
Materia Socio-medica Dec 2021Play is an essential parameter of children's growth and expression and this is the reason of why the use of play therapy is considered as fundamental means of preventing... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Play is an essential parameter of children's growth and expression and this is the reason of why the use of play therapy is considered as fundamental means of preventing and dealing with problems and difficulties presented to children.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this paper is to review the parameters related to this issue, emphasizing the efficacy of this therapeutic approach to various problems of children.
METHODS
A review of the recent literature on the issue, searching through Greek and international databases (Medline, Heal-link), in English and Greek language.
RESULTS
The review shows that play therapy as a form of prevention and treatment is suitable mainly for preschool and school age children. It is addressed to children who are in a transition period of their lives (after a divorce, a loss), with difficulties in managing feelings, in socializing or children who have behavioral problems. It is also addressed to children who have been witnesses of domestic violence, who have suffered some form of abuse, children who are to undergo a major surgery or those who have speech disorders. Furthermore, it is suitable for children who have some kind of developmental disorder (autism or attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder). Its efficiency is demonstrated by numerous research papers reporting a significant decrease of negative emotions and behaviors by its use.
CONCLUSION
Play therapy is an alternative proposal of intervention on important issues related to children. Its implementation and value is widely known and is constantly expanding. The only condition for its implementation is the correct theoretical training of the professionals and the proper diagnosis.
PubMed: 35210953
DOI: 10.5455/msm.2021.33.293-297 -
Human Resources For Health Feb 2020Burnout in healthcare providers has impacts at the level of the individual provider, patient, and organization. While there is a substantial body of literature on... (Review)
Review
Burnout in healthcare providers has impacts at the level of the individual provider, patient, and organization. While there is a substantial body of literature on burnout in healthcare providers, burnout in pediatric nurses has received less attention. This subpopulation may be unique from adult care nurses because of the specialized nature of providing care to children who are typically seen as a vulnerable population, the high potential for empathetic engagement, and the inherent complexities in the relationships with families. Thus, the aim of this scoping review was to investigate, among pediatric nurses, (i) the prevalence and/or degree of burnout, (ii) the factors related to burnout, (iii) the outcomes of burnout, and (iv) the interventions that have been applied to prevent and/or mitigate burnout. This scoping review was performed according to the PRISMA Guidelines Scoping Review Extension. CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ASSIA, and The Cochrane Library were searched on 3 November 2018 to identify relevant quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method studies on pediatric nurse burnout. Our search identified 78 studies for inclusion in the analysis. Across the included studies, burnout was prevalent in pediatric nurses. A number of factors were identified as impacting burnout including nurse demographics, work environment, and work attitudes. Similarly, a number of outcomes of burnout were identified including nurse retention, nurse well-being, patient safety, and patient-family satisfaction. Unfortunately, there was little evidence of effective interventions to address pediatric nurse burnout. Given the prevalence and impact of burnout on a variety of important outcomes, it is imperative that nursing schools, nursing management, healthcare organizations, and nursing professional associations work to develop and test the interventions to address key attitudinal and environmental factors that are most relevant to pediatric nurses.
Topics: Burnout, Professional; Humans; Nursing Staff, Hospital; Pediatric Nursing; Stress, Psychological; Workplace
PubMed: 32046721
DOI: 10.1186/s12960-020-0451-8 -
Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 2020to describe a theoretical model of nursing care for children with obesity in Primary Health Care.
OBJECTIVES
to describe a theoretical model of nursing care for children with obesity in Primary Health Care.
METHODS
Grounded Theory and the theoretical/philosophical framework of Virginia Henderson were used. The research was conducted in Family Basic Health Units and in Specialized Services in the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil. A total of 24 participants composed four sample groups. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, between April and October 2015, and analyzed by the constant comparison method. The analysis occurred by initial coding, construction of diagrams and memos, axial coding, selective coding and reflection on the paradigm and on the emerging theory.
RESULTS
six categories emerged from the data. Nurses worrying about the care of children with obesity as a neglected area in Primary Health Care was the theoretical model.
FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
the phenomenon is related to the individuality of nursing care and the need for shared responsibilities.
Topics: Adult; Brazil; Female; Grounded Theory; Humans; Interviews as Topic; Male; Middle Aged; Nursing Care; Nursing Theory; Pediatric Nursing; Pediatric Obesity; Qualitative Research
PubMed: 32578728
DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0881 -
JAMA Pediatrics Jan 2019Quality improvement initiatives demonstrate the contribution of reliable nursing care to gains in clinical and safety outcomes in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs);...
IMPORTANCE
Quality improvement initiatives demonstrate the contribution of reliable nursing care to gains in clinical and safety outcomes in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs); when core care is missed, outcomes can worsen.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the association of NICU nurse workload with missed nursing care.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
A prospective design was used to evaluate associations between shift-level workload of individual nurses and missed care for assigned infants from March 1, 2013, through January 31, 2014, at a 52-bed level IV NICU in a Midwestern academic medical center. A convenience sample of registered nurses who provided direct patient care and completed unit orientation were enrolled. Nurses reported care during each shift for individual infants whose clinical data were extracted from the electronic health record. Data were analyzed from January 1, 2015, through August 13, 2018.
EXPOSURES
Workload was assessed each shift with objective measures (infant-to-nurse staffing ratio and infant acuity scores) and a subjective measure (the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index [NASA-TLX]).
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Missed nursing care was measured by self-report of omission of 11 essential care practices. Cross-classified, multilevel logistic regression models were used to estimate associations of workload with missed care.
RESULTS
A total of 136 nurses provided reports of shift-level workload and missed nursing care for 418 infants during 332 shifts of 12 hours each. When workload variables were modeled independently, 7 of 12 models demonstrated a significant worsening association of increased infant-to-nurse ratio with odds of missed care (eg, nurses caring for ≥3 infants were 2.51 times more likely to report missing any care during the shift [95% credible interval, 1.81-3.47]), and all 12 models demonstrated a significant worsening association of increased NASA-TLX subjective workload ratings with odds of missed care (eg, each 5-point increase in a nurse's NASA-TLX rating during a shift was associated with a 34% increase in the likelihood of missing a nursing assessment for his or her assigned infant[s] during the same shift [95% credible interval, 1.30-1.39]). When modeling all workload variables jointly, only 4 of 12 models demonstrated significant association of staffing ratios with odds of missed care, whereas the association with NASA-TLX ratings remained significant in all models. Few associations of acuity scores were observed across modeling strategies.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
The workload of NICU nurses is significantly associated with missed nursing care, and subjective workload ratings are particularly important. Subjective workload represents an important aspect of nurse workload that remains largely unmeasured despite high potential for intervention.
Topics: Critical Care Nursing; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; Intensive Care, Neonatal; Logistic Models; Medical Errors; Neonatal Nursing; Nursing Staff, Hospital; Prospective Studies; Quality of Health Care; Self Report; Workload
PubMed: 30419138
DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.3619 -
Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 2019to identify, in scientific productions, nursing interventions in palliative care in children and adolescents with cancer. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
to identify, in scientific productions, nursing interventions in palliative care in children and adolescents with cancer.
METHOD
integrative review of the literature through the databases: CINAHL, MEDLINE, IBECS, LILACS and SCIELO, carried out in October and November 2017.
RESULTS
we analyzed 18 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that, among the articles selected, Brazil is the country with the largest number of publications and that interventions such as music therapy, massage, ludic application, early consultation of palliative care, social interventions and physical exercises aimed at the resolution of a specific symptom obtained better results when compared to interventions that aimed at the comprehensiveness of palliative care.
FINAL CONSIDERATION
we conclude that greater emphasis should be given to palliative care in academic and professional training and that further studies in search of the best evidence should be conducted to support nursing Evidence-Based Practices.
Topics: Evidence-Based Practice; Humans; Nursing Care; Oncology Nursing; Palliative Care; Pediatric Nursing
PubMed: 31017219
DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0121 -
Nursing Children and Young People May 2015It is imperative that nurses caring for children, young people and their families develop and maintain effective, trusting and collaborative therapeutic relationships...
It is imperative that nurses caring for children, young people and their families develop and maintain effective, trusting and collaborative therapeutic relationships that sit within the scope of professional boundaries. This relationship is the nurse's responsibility and should be positive and mutually acceptable to all stakeholders. A unique challenge for children's nurses is to address and prioritise the child's care needs, while meeting the needs of, and empowering, the family. The 6Cs--care, compassion, competence, communication, courage, commitment--should underpin care and enable nurses to overcome challenges such as time pressures, acute situations or disturbed family expectation. Confidentiality and safeguarding should always be observed.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Attitude of Health Personnel; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Competence; Cooperative Behavior; Education, Nursing, Continuing; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nurse's Role; Nurse-Patient Relations; Pediatric Nursing; Professional-Family Relations; Young Adult
PubMed: 25959488
DOI: 10.7748/ncyp.27.4.30.e566 -
Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing :... 2017This study assessed the feasibility of studying animal-assisted activities (AAA) in inpatient pediatric oncology and collected preliminary data on potential benefits of...
This study assessed the feasibility of studying animal-assisted activities (AAA) in inpatient pediatric oncology and collected preliminary data on potential benefits of AAA for this population. Patients at a large pediatric hospital were identified using electronic medical records and approached with physician approval. Patients completed surveys before and after a therapy dog visit in their private hospital room. Data on infections were ascertained by electronic medical record review. Provider surveys were placed in provider common areas and distributed through a link in an e-mail. We summarized resultsusing descriptive statistics and estimated mean changes in pre- and postintervention distress and conducted hypothesis tests using the paired t test. The study population (mean age = 12.9 years) consisted of 9 females and 10 males. Following the therapy dog visit, patients had lower distress and significant decreases in worry, tiredness, fear, sadness, and pain. Providers were generally supportive of the intervention. Eight patients developed infections during the 14 days after the dog visit but none could be clearly attributed to the therapy dog visit. The study's primary limitation was that there was no control group. However, results support the feasibility of and need for future studies on AAA in pediatric oncology.
Topics: Adolescent; Animal Assisted Therapy; Animals; Child; Child, Hospitalized; Dogs; Female; Hospitals, Pediatric; Humans; Male; Neoplasms; Patient Satisfaction; Pediatric Nursing; Pilot Projects; Washington
PubMed: 28614971
DOI: 10.1177/1043454217712983 -
Medical Gas Research 2020Application of ozone in oral care comes as new and alternative treatment modality in dentistry. The impact of biological and digital information leads to use of ozone... (Review)
Review
Application of ozone in oral care comes as new and alternative treatment modality in dentistry. The impact of biological and digital information leads to use of ozone application by various means for numerous treatment options in oral cavity. Ozone is a form of oxygen, which has an effective role in management of oral diseases. This review mainly emphasizes on utility of ozone in oral health care management. Its therapeutic potential and its clinical application in oral pathologies, periodontology, endodontics, oral surgery, prosthodontics, orthodontics, restorative dentistry, wound healing, tooth mineralization as treatment choice are reviewed.
Topics: Dentistry; Humans; Ozone
PubMed: 33380587
DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.304226