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Scientific Reports Jul 2022This research aimed to isolate lactic acid bacteria from the bowel of saltwater fish to assess their potential probiotic properties. Nineteen isolates of LAB including...
This research aimed to isolate lactic acid bacteria from the bowel of saltwater fish to assess their potential probiotic properties. Nineteen isolates of LAB including Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Lactiplantibacillus pentosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Levilactobacillus brevis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Pediococcus acidilactici were recognized using molecular tools. All the isolates survived in the simulated conditions of the GI tract. Auto-aggregation ranged from 01.3 ± 0.5 to 82.6 ± 1.4% and hydrophobicity with toluene ranged from 3.7 ± 1.6 to 69.4 ± 1.3%, while the range of hydrophobicity with xylene was from 02.2 ± 1.6 to 56.4 ± 2.1%. All the isolates of lactobacilli, pediococci, enterococci, and lactococci indicated variable sensitivity and resistance towards clinical antibiotics. Non-neutralized cell free supernatant of isolates F12 and F15 showed antimicrobial activity against all the 8 evaluated enteric pathogens. Cluster analysis of identified potential probiotic bacteria based on heat-map and PCA methods also highlighted the priority of isolates F3, F7, F12, and F15 as bio-control agents in fishery industry. The findings of this study may essentially contribute to the understanding of the probiotic potential of LAB in saltwater fish, in order to access their probiotic characterization for use as biocontrol in fishery.
Topics: Algorithms; Animals; Cluster Analysis; Lactobacillales; Lactobacillus; Probiotics
PubMed: 35831426
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16322-z -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022Bioaugmentation of native grass ensiling with or or on the ensiling performance and bacterial community was investigated after 30 days of the fermentation process....
Bioaugmentation of native grass ensiling with or or on the ensiling performance and bacterial community was investigated after 30 days of the fermentation process. The native grass was inoculated with distilled water, , and , and , and as the CON treatment, T1 treatment, T2 treatment, and T3 treatment, respectively. The addition of lactic acid bacteria was added at a total of 1 × 10 colony-forming unit/g of fresh weight. As expected, the markedly ( < 0.05) lower water-soluble carbohydrate content was tested in the T2 and T3 treatments compared to the CON and T1 treatments. Compared to the CON and T1 treatment, significantly ( < 0.05) higher crude protein content, and lower acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber contents were found in the T2 and T3 treatments. Compared to the CON treatment, the pH significantly ( < 0.05) decreased in the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculated silage, and the lowest pH was measured in the T3 treatment. Similarly, significantly higher lactic acid and acetic acid contents were also found in the T3 treatment compared to those in other treatments. After 30 days of ensiling, the Shannon and Chao1 indexes in silages decreased compared to that in the fresh materials (FMs). The principal coordinate analysis indicated that both FM and silage were distinctly separated in each treatment with no interactions on the confidence ellipse ( = 0.8933, = 0.001). At the phylum level, the dominant phylum was shifted from Proteobacteria to Firmicutes after the fermentation process. Interestingly, dominated the fermentation in the CON treatment and dominated the fermentation in all inoculated LAB silages at the genus level. Results of functional prediction analyses showed that the metabolism of amino acid, cofactors, and vitamins, and membrane transport was reduced, while the metabolism of nucleotide and majority carbohydrates was increased after ensiling. The complex LAB (, and ) exhibited the potential possibility to decrease pH and enhance the relative abundance of LAB in response to obtaining high-quality silage by the synergistic effects. These results suggested that the complex LAB could improve the ensiling performance of native grass silage, and lay a theoretical basis for inoculant application in native grass.
PubMed: 36329844
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1025536 -
Microorganisms Oct 2022Broussonetia papyrifera has a high lignocellulose content leading to poor palatability and low digestion rate of ruminants. Thus, dynamic profiles of fermentation...
Broussonetia papyrifera has a high lignocellulose content leading to poor palatability and low digestion rate of ruminants. Thus, dynamic profiles of fermentation lignocellulose characteristics, microbial community structure, potential function, and interspecific relationships of B. papyrifera mixing with wheat bran in different ratios: 100:0 (BP100), 90:10 (BP90), 80:20 (BP80), and 65:35 (BP65) were investigated on ensiling days 5, 15, 30, and 50. The results showed that adding bran increased the degradation rate of hemicellulose, neutral detergent fiber, and the activities of filter paper cellulase, endoglucanase, acid protease, and neutral protease, especially in the ratio of 65:35. Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, and Weissella genus bacteria were the dominant genera in silage fermentation, and Pediococcus and Weissella genus bacteria regulated the process of silage fermentation. Compared with monospecific B. papyrifera silage, adding bran significantly increased the abundance of Weissella sp., and improved bacterial fermentation potential in BP65 (p < 0.05). Distance-based redundancy analysis showed that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were significantly positive correlated with most lignocellulose content and degrading enzymes activities, while Monascus sp. and Syncephalastrum sp. were opposite (p < 0.05). Co-occurrence network analysis indicated that there were significant differences in microbial networks among different mixing ratios of B. papyrifera silage prepared with bran. There was a more complex, highly diverse and less competitive co-occurrence network in BP65, which was helpful to silage fermentation. In conclusion, B. papyrifera ensiled with bran improved the microbial community structure and the interspecific relationship and reduced the content of lignocellulose.
PubMed: 36296291
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102015 -
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology... Jun 2023Here we investigate the suitability of in vitro models to assess the skin and eye irritation potential of six microbial strains. Acute skin irritation was tested...
Here we investigate the suitability of in vitro models to assess the skin and eye irritation potential of six microbial strains. Acute skin irritation was tested according to the unmodified and modified OECD test guideline (OECD TG) 439, while acute eye irritation was examined using the OECD TG 491 and 492. The OECD TG 439 guideline, modified to introduce 8-10 μg/mL of streptomycin during the recovery phase and use of test items containing 100% microbial product instead of finished formulae, was found to be suitable for skin irritation evaluation. On the other hand, the OECD TG 491 procedure was the most appropriate for evaluating eye irritation. None of the six microbial strains, namely, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (IMI 507026, IMI 507027, IMI 507028), Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (IMI 507023), and Pediococcus pentosaceus (IMI 507024, IMI 507025), tested in this study caused skin or eye irritation under the study condition.
Topics: Animals; Irritants; Lactobacillales; Animal Testing Alternatives; Skin; Skin Diseases; Skin Irritancy Tests
PubMed: 37160199
DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2023.105406 -
Scientific Reports May 2022Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (strains 22F and 25F) and Pediococcus acidilactici (strain 72N) have displayed antibacterial activity in vitro, suggesting that they could...
Microencapsulated probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and/or Pediococcus acidilactici strains ameliorate diarrhoea in piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (strains 22F and 25F) and Pediococcus acidilactici (strain 72N) have displayed antibacterial activity in vitro, suggesting that they could be used to support intestinal health in pigs. The aim of this study was to determine if microencapsulated probiotics could reduce the severity of infection with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in weaned pigs. Sixty healthy neonatal piglets were cross-fostered and separated into five groups. Piglets to be given the microencapsulated probiotics received these orally on days 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12. Only piglets in groups 1 and 5 did not receive probiotics: those in groups 2 and 4 received the three microencapsulated probiotic strains (multi-strain probiotic), and piglets in group 3 received microencapsulated P. acidilactici strain 72N. After weaning, the pigs in groups 3-5 were challenged with 5 mL (at 10 CFU/mL) of pathogenic ETEC strain L3.2 carrying the k88, staP, and stb virulence genes. The multi-strain probiotic enhanced the average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of weaned piglets after the ETEC challenge (group 4), whilst supplementing with the single-strain probiotic increased FCR (group 3). Piglets in groups 3 and 4 developed mild to moderate diarrhoea and fever. In the probiotic-fed piglets there was an increase in lactic acid bacteria count and a decrease in E. coli count in the faeces. By using real-time PCR, virulence genes were detected at lower levels in the faeces of pigs that had received the probiotic strains. Using the MILLIPLEX MAP assay, probiotic supplementation was shown to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα), while group 4 had high levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10). Challenged piglets receiving probiotics had milder intestinal lesions with better morphology, including greater villous heights and villous height per crypt depth ratios, than pigs just receiving ETEC. In conclusion, prophylactic administration of microencapsulated probiotic strains may improve outcomes in weaned pigs with colibacillosis.
Topics: Animals; Diarrhea; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; Pediococcus acidilactici; Probiotics; Swine; Swine Diseases
PubMed: 35505092
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11340-3 -
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2023Growing interest has been focused on lactic acid bacteria as alternatives to antimicrobial growth promoters, which are characterized by the production of various...
Growing interest has been focused on lactic acid bacteria as alternatives to antimicrobial growth promoters, which are characterized by the production of various functional metabolites, such as antimicrobial and antioxidants compounds. The present study was undertaken to evaluate a potential probiotic from the antioxidant perspective. LC-9-1, screened from the intestines of healthy animals, was revealed to be on the basis of its morphological, biochemical, and molecular characteristics. The strain has excellent properties, including acid-production efficiency, antibacterial performance and antioxidant activity. The safety of the strain was also evaluated. Furthermore, the experiments in broiler chickens suggested that dietary LC-9-1 supplementation improved the growth performance and decreased the abdominal fat, and enhanced the antioxidant capability and intestinal innate immunity of broilers. Analysis of intestinal microbiota showed that a higher community diversity (Shannon index) was achieved. In addition to the significantly increased relative abundances of spp., beneficial genera such as spp. and spp. were abundant, while opportunistic pathogens such as spp. were significantly reduced in LC-9-1-supplemented broilers. Collectively, such in-depth characterization and the available data will guide future efforts to develop next-generation probiotics, and LC-9-1 could be considered a potential strain for further utilization in direct-fed microbial or starter culture for fermentation.
PubMed: 36829774
DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020215 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2021Constipation is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder that seriously reduces the quality of life. Clinical studies have shown that a great change or severe imbalance...
Constipation is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder that seriously reduces the quality of life. Clinical studies have shown that a great change or severe imbalance occurs in the intestinal microbiota of people with constipation. This study explored whether bacteriocin-producing and non-bacteriocin-producing strains resulted in differences in the alleviation of constipation and changes in the fecal flora in BALB/c mice. The constipation-related indicators, gastrointestinal regulatory peptides and gut microbiota were identified to evaluate their alleviating effects and underlying mechanisms. The time to the first black-stool defecation and the gastrointestinal transit rate in constipated mice were found to be somewhat improved by four . strains ( > 0.05). Moreover, there were significant differences in the level of most gastrointestinal regulatory peptides in the serum, as well as in the composition and abundance of intestinal microbiota in different groups ( < 0.05). At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Firmicutes was significantly increased, but those of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were significantly reduced after the administration of four . strains for 14 d ( < 0.05). The levels of and genera from were significantly decreased, whereas and were upregulated when bacteriocin-producing . CCFM18 and CCFM28 strains were provided in the diet ( < 0.05). The results indicated that although constipation-related symptoms were alleviated to only a limited degree, the administration of four . strains effectively regulated the gut flora and provided a potential health benefit to the host, especially the bacteriocin-producing . strains.
Topics: Animals; Constipation; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Pediococcus acidilactici; Quality of Life
PubMed: 33816357
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.655258 -
Nutrients Apr 2022The aim of the present study was to examine β-glucan production and the potential prebiotic and chemopreventive effects of wheat and rye sourdoughs and breads generated...
Use of the β-Glucan-Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains and for Sourdough Fermentation-Chemical Characterization and Chemopreventive Potential of In Situ-Enriched Wheat and Rye Sourdoughs and Breads.
The aim of the present study was to examine β-glucan production and the potential prebiotic and chemopreventive effects of wheat and rye sourdoughs and breads generated with wild-type and non-β-glucan-forming isogenic mutant strains of and . Sourdough and bread samples were subjected to in vitro digestion and fermentation. Fermentation supernatants (FS) and pellets (FP) were analyzed (pH values, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), ammonia, bacterial taxa) and the effects of FS on LT97 colon adenoma cell growth, viability, caspase-2 and -3 activity, genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects and on gene and protein expression of , , and () were examined. Concentrations of SCFA were increased and concentrations of ammonia were partly reduced in the FS. The relative abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae was increased in all FPs. Treatment with FS reduced the growth and viability of LT97 cells and significantly increased caspase-2 and -3 activities without exhibiting genotoxic or antigenotoxic effects. The mRNA and protein levels were increased while that of was reduced. and mRNA and protein expression were marginally induced. The presented results indicate a comparable chemopreventive potential of wheat and rye sourdoughs and breads without an additional effect of the formed β-glucan.
Topics: Ammonia; Bread; Caspase 2; Catalase; Cyclin D2; Fermentation; Fermented Foods; Flour; Food Microbiology; Lactobacillales; Pediococcus; RNA, Messenger; Secale; Triticum; beta-Glucans
PubMed: 35406123
DOI: 10.3390/nu14071510 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2021Functional foods or drinks prepared using lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have recently gained considerable attention because they can offer additional nutritional and health...
Functional foods or drinks prepared using lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have recently gained considerable attention because they can offer additional nutritional and health benefits. The present study aimed to develop functional drinks by the fermentation of buttermilk and soymilk preparations using the BD16 () strain expressing the L-alanine dehydrogenase enzyme. LAB fermentation was carried out for 24 h and its impact on the physicochemical and quality attributes of the fermented drinks was evaluated. Levels of total antioxidants, phenolics, flavonoids, and especially L-alanine enhanced significantly after LAB fermentation. Further, GC-MS-based metabolomic fingerprinting was performed to identify the presence of bioactive metabolites such as 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1-dodecene, 2-aminononadecane, 3-octadecene, 4-octen-3-one, acetic acid, azanonane, benzaldehyde, benzoic acid, chloroacetic acid, colchicine, heptadecanenitrile, hexadecanal, quercetin, and triacontane, which could be accountable for the improvement of organoleptic attributes and health benefits of the drinks. Meanwhile, the levels of certain undesirable metabolites such as 1-pentadecene, 2-bromopropionic acid, 8-heptadecene, formic acid, and propionic acid, which impart bitterness, rancidity, and unpleasant odor to the fermented drinks, were reduced considerably after LAB fermentation. This study is probably the first of its kind that highlights the application of BD16 () as a starter culture candidate for the production of functional buttermilk and soymilk.
Topics: Buttermilk; Fermentation; Pediococcus acidilactici; Soy Milk
PubMed: 34361824
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154671 -
AMB Express Jan 2021The goal of the present study was to evaluate the effects of enzymes (cellulase combined with galactosidase) and their combination with Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) on...
The goal of the present study was to evaluate the effects of enzymes (cellulase combined with galactosidase) and their combination with Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) on bacterial diversity in alfalfa silages using high-throughput sequencing. Alfalfa forages were treated with or without cellulase + ɑ-galactosidase (CEGA), cellulase + LP (CELP), or ɑ-galactosidase + LP (GALP). After 56 days of ensiling, all treated silages exhibited improved fermentation quality, as reflected by decreased pH, ammonium-N and increased lactic acid levels compared to the control silage (P < 0.05). Enzymatic treatment improved nutrient value by increasing crude protein levels and decreasing neutral detergent fibre (NDF) levels (P < 0.05). Silage treatment significantly altered the bacterial community, as determined by PCoA (P < 0.05). Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) dominated the bacterial community of the treated silage after ensiling. The dominant bacteria changed from Garciella, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus and Pediococcus in the control silage to Lactobacillus and Pediococcus in the CEGA silage and Lactobacillus in the CELP and GALP silages. Collectively, these results suggest that treatment with both enzymes alone and in combination with inoculants greatly increased the abundance of LAB, with Enterococcus, Lactobacillus and Pediococcus observed in the silage treated with enzymes alone (CEGA) and Lactobacillus observed in the silage treated with a combination of enzymes and inoculants (CELP and GALP).
PubMed: 33409770
DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-01158-5