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Physiological Research Feb 2020Autologous and allogenic human pericardia used as biomaterials for cardiovascular surgery are traditionally crosslinked with glutaraldehyde. In this work, we have... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Autologous and allogenic human pericardia used as biomaterials for cardiovascular surgery are traditionally crosslinked with glutaraldehyde. In this work, we have evaluated the resistivity to collagenase digestion and the cytotoxicity of human pericardium crosslinked with various concentrations of glutaraldehyde in comparison with pericardium crosslinked by genipin, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, tannic acid, and in comparison with unmodified pericardium. Crosslinking retained the wavy-like morphology of native pericardium visualized by second harmonic generation microscopy. The collagenase digestion products were analyzed using SDS-PAGE, capillary electrophoresis, and a hydroxyproline assay. Glutaraldehyde and genipin crosslinking protected the native pericardium efficiently against digestion with collagenase III. Only low protection was provided by the other crosslinking agents. The cytotoxicity of crosslinked pericardium was evaluated using xCELLigence by monitoring the viability of porcine valve interstitial cells cultured in eluates from crosslinked pericardium. The highest cell index, reflecting both the number and the shape of the monitored cells was observed in eluates from genipin. Crosslinking pericardium grafts with genipin therefore seems to be a promising alternative procedure to the traditional crosslinking with glutaraldehyde, because it provides similarly high protection against degradation with collagenase, without cytotoxic effects.
Topics: Biocompatible Materials; Cross-Linking Reagents; Glutaral; Humans; Iridoids; Masoprocol; Pericardium; Tannins; Transplants
PubMed: 31852209
DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934335 -
The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon Sep 2023The usefulness of autologous pericardium treated with glutaraldehyde (GA) for tracheal defect closure is unknown. This study preliminarily evaluated whether a GA-treated...
BACKGROUND
The usefulness of autologous pericardium treated with glutaraldehyde (GA) for tracheal defect closure is unknown. This study preliminarily evaluated whether a GA-treated autologous pericardial graft can effectively close tracheal defects in a beagle model.
METHODS
Defects of 10 mm × 10 mm were created on the trachea of 10 beagles and divided into a GA-treated group ( = 5), with tracheal reconstruction using GA-treated pericardium, and control group ( = 5), using fresh pericardium. Repair sites were evaluated through bronchoscopy and histology. Blood flows on graft were measured using laser Doppler technique on postoperative days (PODs) 0, 4, 7, 14, 28, and 56. Repair sites were histologically evaluated on POD 56. In addition, GA-treated pericardia of three other beagles were histologically evaluated 12 months postoperatively, for long-term follow-up.
RESULTS
All animals survived; none developed anastomotic insufficiency. The mean suturing time and frequency of additional suture were significantly shorter and lower in the GA-treated group than in the control group ( = 0.002, 0.004). All animals in the control group exhibited graft contraction, whereas the GA-treated group healed with most graft residual and reepithelialization in the bronchoscopic and histological findings ( = 0.01, 0.004). Further, all long-term GA-treated pericardia of three beagles were confirmed as residual grafts with reepithelialization, without contraction, at 12 months postoperatively. Blood flows on graft using laser Doppler technique in the GA-treated group were detected at POD 14 or thereafter.
CONCLUSION
GA-treated pericardium was easier to handle and provided favorable scaffolding, without graft contraction, compared with the nontreated pericardium at short- and long-term follow-up.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Glutaral; Treatment Outcome; Trachea; Bronchoscopy; Pericardium
PubMed: 36216333
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757301 -
JACC. Heart Failure Jul 2019The elastic pericardium exerts a compressive contact force on the surface of the myocardium that becomes more substantial when heart volume increases, as in patients... (Review)
Review
The elastic pericardium exerts a compressive contact force on the surface of the myocardium that becomes more substantial when heart volume increases, as in patients with various forms of heart failure (HF). Pericardial restraint plays an important role in determining hemodynamics and ventricular function in both health and disease. This review discusses the physiology of pericardial restraint in HF and explores the question of whether it can be targeted indirectly through medical interventions or directly through a number of existing and future therapies.
Topics: Atrial Pressure; Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy; Diuretics; Heart Failure; Hemodynamics; Humans; Pericardiectomy; Pericardium; Stroke Volume; Vasodilator Agents; Ventricular Pressure; Ventricular Remodeling
PubMed: 31248569
DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2019.03.021 -
JACC. Clinical Electrophysiology Jul 2022Epicardial access is becoming increasingly important for various cardiovascular interventions. Access to dry pericardial space can be challenging and is often associated... (Review)
Review
Epicardial access is becoming increasingly important for various cardiovascular interventions. Access to dry pericardial space can be challenging and is often associated with significant complications. A novel concealed-needle blunt-tip device is designed to capture the parietal pericardium layer and retract it into the distal end of the device, which houses a fixated concealed needle, in a bid to minimize the likelihood of lacerating the visceral layer of the pericardium. This prospective single-arm study evaluated the feasibility of use of this device in 11 human subjects with successful access attained in 91% (10 of 11) of cases without adverse events. (Pericardial Access With ViaOne Device; NCT05006157).
Topics: Clinical Studies as Topic; Feasibility Studies; Humans; Pericardium; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 35750622
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2022.04.016 -
The Journal of Thoracic and... Oct 2018
Topics: Animals; Bioprosthesis; Cattle; Pericardium; Stents
PubMed: 29778334
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.03.173 -
Multimedia Manual of Cardiothoracic... Oct 2021Aortic valve neocuspidization with fixed autologous pericardium according to the Ozaki technique has been proven to be an effective therapy for the treatment of aortic...
Aortic valve neocuspidization with fixed autologous pericardium according to the Ozaki technique has been proven to be an effective therapy for the treatment of aortic valvulopathies of various entities (aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, aortic valve endocarditis) in both tricuspid and bicuspid aortic valves. Thus, aortic valve neocuspidization with fixed autologous pericardium represents a versatile alternative to complex aortic valve repair, with better hemodynamics compared to biological aortic valve replacement and without the need for lifelong anticoagulation, which characterizes mechanical aortic valve replacement. The authors meticulously describe all the technical steps of this highly reproducible, standardized procedure.
Topics: Aortic Valve; Aortic Valve Insufficiency; Aortic Valve Stenosis; Bioprosthesis; Heart Valve Prosthesis; Humans; Pericardium; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34672143
DOI: 10.1510/mmcts.2021.060 -
Anatomical Record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Jun 2019The proepicardium (PE) is a transitory extracardiac embryonic structure which plays a crucial role in cardiac morphogenesis and delivers various cell lineages to the... (Review)
Review
The proepicardium (PE) is a transitory extracardiac embryonic structure which plays a crucial role in cardiac morphogenesis and delivers various cell lineages to the developing heart. The PE arises from the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM) and is present in all vertebrate species. During development, mesothelial cells of the PE reach the naked myocardium either as free-floating aggregates in the form of vesicles or via a tissue bridge; subsequently, they attach to the myocardium and, finally, form the third layer of a mature heart-the epicardium. After undergoing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) some of the epicardial cells migrate into the myocardial wall and differentiate into fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and possibly other cell types. Despite many recent findings, the molecular pathways that control not only proepicardial induction and differentiation but also epicardial formation and epicardial cell fate are poorly understood. Knowledge about these events is essential because molecular mechanisms that occur during embryonic development have been shown to be reactivated in pathological conditions, for example, after myocardial infarction, during hypertensive heart disease or other cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, in this review we intended to summarize the current knowledge about PE formation and structure, as well as proepicardial cell fate in animals commonly used as models for studies on heart development. Anat Rec, 302:893-903, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Topics: Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cell Movement; Epithelial Cells; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; Fibroblasts; Humans; Mesoderm; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; Pericardium; Pluripotent Stem Cells; Species Specificity
PubMed: 30421563
DOI: 10.1002/ar.24028 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023In recent decades, the epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has been at the forefront of scientific research because of its diverse role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular... (Review)
Review
In recent decades, the epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has been at the forefront of scientific research because of its diverse role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). EAT lies between the myocardium and the visceral pericardium. The same microcirculation exists both in the epicardial fat and the myocardium. Under physiological circumstances, EAT serves as cushion and protects coronary arteries and myocardium from violent distortion and impact. In addition, EAT acts as an energy lipid source, thermoregulator, and endocrine organ. Under pathological conditions, EAT dysfunction promotes various CVDs progression in several ways. It seems that various secretions of the epicardial fat are responsible for myocardial metabolic disturbances and, finally, leads to CVDs. Therefore, EAT might be an early predictor of CVDs. Furthermore, different non-invasive imaging techniques have been proposed to identify and assess EAT as an important parameter to stratify the CVD risk. We also present the potential therapeutic possibilities aiming at modifying the function of EAT. This paper aims to provide overview of the potential role of EAT in CVDs, discuss different imaging techniques to assess EAT, and provide potential therapeutic options for EAT. Hence, EAT may represent as a potential predictor and a novel therapeutic target for management of CVDs in the future.
Topics: Humans; Cardiovascular Diseases; Pericardium; Myocardium; Coronary Vessels; Adipose Tissue
PubMed: 37260440
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1167952 -
Cell Research Jun 2023
Topics: Cysteine; Pericardium; Adipose Tissue
PubMed: 37095204
DOI: 10.1038/s41422-023-00813-3 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Dec 2021
Topics: Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Lymphoma; Pericardium
PubMed: 34121016
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.7643-21