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Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2021COVID-19 infection is a respiratory disease but it can have ophthalmological manifestations as well. This study aimed to investigate the ophthalmological implications of...
BACKGROUND AND AIM
COVID-19 infection is a respiratory disease but it can have ophthalmological manifestations as well. This study aimed to investigate the ophthalmological implications of COVID-19 either during the course of the disease or after recovery.
METHODS
A retrospective study included the records of 425 COVID-19 patients, proved by positive PCR swabs. The records were collected from three isolation hospitals in Gharbeya Governorate, Egypt.
RESULTS
The mean age of the studied group was 41.73 ± 13.59, and 216 (50.8%) of them were males. One hundred and thirty one (30.8%) patients had ophthalmological manifestations. Among the entire patients, the most common ophthalmological presentation was conjunctivitis in 111 patients (26.1%), followed by neuro-retinal affection in 9 (2.1%), secondary fungal orbital cellulitis in 6 (1.4%), episcleritis in 3 (0.7%) and keratitis in 2 (0.5%) patients. All of the observed ophthalmological implications occurred either during the course of the disease (concurrent) or after recovery, except for the fungal orbital cellulitis which occurred only after recovery.
CONCLUSION
COVID-19 could cause different eye manifestations. Recovery from the main disease does not guarantee eye safety, especially in high-risk patients.
PubMed: 34819718
DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S336600 -
Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research 2018Infections of the orbit and periorbita are relatively frequent, and can cause significant local and systemic morbidity. Loss of vision occurs in more than 10% of... (Review)
Review
Infections of the orbit and periorbita are relatively frequent, and can cause significant local and systemic morbidity. Loss of vision occurs in more than 10% of patients, and systemic sequelae can include meningitis, intracranial abscess, and death. Numerous organisms infect the orbit, but the most common are bacteria. There are many methods through which orbital infections occur, with infection from the neighboring ethmoid sinuses the most likely cause for all age groups. Prompt management is essential in suspected orbital cellulitis, and involves urgent intravenous antibiotics, rehydration, and treatment of any co-existent underlying systemic disease, e.g., diabetes, renal failure. This review summarizes the common infectious processes of the orbit in both pediatric and adult groups. We review pathophysiology, symptoms, signs, and treatment for infectious orbital processes.
PubMed: 29719647
DOI: 10.4103/jovr.jovr_199_17 -
Health Services Research Apr 2021To create definitions for complications for 16 serious pediatric conditions using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification or...
OBJECTIVE
To create definitions for complications for 16 serious pediatric conditions using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification or Procedure Coding System (ICD-10-CM/PCS), and to assess whether complication rates are similar to those measured with ICD-9-CM/PCS.
DATA SOURCES
The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Emergency Department and Inpatient Databases from five states between 2014 and 2017 were used to identify cases and assess complication rates. Incidences were calculated using population counts from the 5-year American Community Survey.
DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS
Patients were identified by the presence of a diagnosis code for one of the 16 serious conditions. Only the first encounter for a given condition by a patient was included. Encounters resulting in transfer were excluded as the presence of complications was unknown.
STUDY DESIGN
We defined complications using data elements routinely available in administrative databases including ICD-10-CM/PCS codes. The definitions were adapted from ICD-9-CM/PCS using general equivalence mappings and refined using consensus opinion. We included 16 serious conditions: appendicitis, bacterial meningitis, compartment syndrome, new-onset diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), ectopic pregnancy, empyema, encephalitis, intussusception, mastoiditis, myocarditis, orbital cellulitis, ovarian torsion, sepsis, septic arthritis, stroke, and testicular torsion. Using data from children under 18 years, we compared incidences and complication rates across the ICD-10-CM/PCS transition for each condition using interrupted time series.
PRINCIPAL FINDINGS
There were 61 314 ED visits for a serious condition; the most common was appendicitis (n = 37 493). Incidence rates for each condition were not significantly different across the ICD-10-CM/PCS transition for 13/16 conditions. Three differed: empyema (increased 42%), orbital cellulitis (increased 60%), and sepsis (increased 26%). Complication rates were not significantly different for each condition across the ICD-10-CM/PCS transition, except appendicitis (odds ratio 0.62, 95% CI 0.57-0.68), DKA (OR 3.79, 95% CI 1.92-7.50), and orbital cellulitis (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.30-0.95).
CONCLUSIONS
For most conditions, incidences and complication rates were similar before and after the transition to ICD-10-CM/PCS codes, suggesting our system identifies complications of conditions in administrative data similarly using ICD-9-CM/PCS and ICD-10-CM/PCS codes. This system may be applied to screen for cases with complications and in health services research.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; Humans; Incidence; Infant; International Classification of Diseases; Male; Pediatrics; Severity of Illness Index; United States
PubMed: 33374034
DOI: 10.1111/1475-6773.13615 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Jul 2022
Topics: Humans; Orbital Cellulitis; Orbital Neoplasms; Rhabdomyosarcoma
PubMed: 35791230
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_79_22 -
Turk Pediatri Arsivi Dec 2017Orbital tissue infections are common infections of childhood that can lead to severe complications. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the etiologic factors, diagnosis,...
AIM
Orbital tissue infections are common infections of childhood that can lead to severe complications. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the etiologic factors, diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment procedures in pediatric patients with orbital infections.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This study was performed retrospectively between January 2014 and December 2015 in Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit. Patients were studied for age, ophthalmologic examination features, laboratory and radiology results, treatment modalities, and the response to these treatments.
RESULTS
Thirty-six patients (21 males, 15 females) with an average age of 71.43±42.24 months (5-168 months) participated in the study in the two-year period. Thirty-two patients (88.9%) had preseptal cellulitis, and four (11.9%) had orbital cellulitis. All patients had eyelid hyperemia, edema, and ocular pain, with chemosis in seven and proptosis in four cases. Twenty-five patients were admitted with fever. All cases were unilateral and 44.4% occurred secondary to paranasal sinusitis. All cases were treated with intravenous cefazolin-amikacin. The mean of duration of hospitalization was 12.02±8.75 days (range, 3-28 days) and the duration of parental antibiotics was 12.83±8.18 days (range, 7-21 days). All patients recovered without any vision loss, only one patient experienced subdural empyema complicating preseptal cellulitis.
CONCLUSIONS
Most orbital tissue infections occur secondary to paranasal sinusitis in childhood. Orbital tissue infections can be complicated by brain abscess, cavernous sinus thrombophlebitis, and vision loss. Early diagnosis and proper antibiotic treatment are essential to prevent these life-threatening complications.
PubMed: 29483802
DOI: 10.5152/TurkPediatriArs.2017.5511 -
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences Feb 2018Background/aim: Periorbital edema and ecchymosis may develop following rhinoplasty. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of adhesive strip application on the... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Background/aim: Periorbital edema and ecchymosis may develop following rhinoplasty. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of adhesive strip application on the upper and lower eyelids to reduce postoperative edema and ecchymosis following rhinoplasty. Materials and methods: The eyelids of one side were randomly selected, and an adhesive strip of standard size and number was applied at the end of the operation. The strips were removed at postoperative day 3; photos of the eyes were taken at days 3 and 7. Edema and ecchymosis were graded on a scale from 1 to 4. The ecchymosis areas on the lower and upper eyelids were measured and compared in square centimeters. Results: The mean ecchymosis area of the lower eyelid on the side of the adhesive strip and on the side without the strip was 1.63 cm2 and 3.32 cm2 in the early period, respectively. It was 1.15 cm2 on the upper eyelid on the side of the adhesive strip, and 1.87 cm2 on the side without the strip. It was 0.224 cm2 on the side of the adhesive strip, and 0.498 cm2 on the side without the adhesive strip in the late period. Conclusion: Applying adhesive strips reduces periorbital edema and ecchymosis.
Topics: Adhesives; Adolescent; Adult; Ecchymosis; Edema; Eyelids; Female; Humans; Male; Nose; Postoperative Complications; Rhinoplasty; Young Adult
PubMed: 29479950
DOI: 10.3906/sag-1701-158 -
Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology 2023Odontogenic sinusitis is a well-known, but under-studied bacterial infection of the maxillary sinus that can extend to other sinuses, the orbit, or even the...
Odontogenic sinusitis is a well-known, but under-studied bacterial infection of the maxillary sinus that can extend to other sinuses, the orbit, or even the endocranium. We performed an observational retrospective study on the patients with odontogenic sinusitis treated in our hospital over a five-year period. We included patients over 18 years old diagnosed with odontogenic sinusitis and ocular complications and we excluded patients with ocular complications nonrelated to dental-originated sinusitis or patients with odontogenic sinusitis without orbital-ocular complications. We examined the charts of 46 patients. From the total number of patients with oculo-orbital complications generated by odontogenic sinusitis, only 7 were women. The mean age was 33,7 with a standard deviation of 15,7 years. The oculo-orbital complications were assessed according to the Chandler classification. The most frequent orbital complication was preseptal cellulitis followed by orbital cellulitis. All the patients were treated with antibiotic covering both anaerobic and aerobic bacteria and 40 of the patients in our study received surgical treatment. The outcomes were favorable for all the patients in our study with clinical resolution. The oculo-orbital complications of odontogenic sinusitis are severe because they can result in vision loss or other ocular sequelae. The bacteriological features of this sinusitis explain the special characteristics of this infection and can facilitate the extent of the infection to the orbit. Prompt intervention with antibiotics covering anaerobic and aerobic bacteria and surgery addressed to the affected sinus/ sinuses, the dental disease and the orbital pathology ensures a big success rate in the therapy of these complications.
PubMed: 37522025
DOI: 10.22336/rjo.2023.30 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Apr 2022Dirofilariasis is an emerging zoonosis in India. Most of the cases from India have been reported from the states of Kerala, coastal Karnataka and Maharashtra, and a few...
BACKGROUND
Dirofilariasis is an emerging zoonosis in India. Most of the cases from India have been reported from the states of Kerala, coastal Karnataka and Maharashtra, and a few from the North India, Orissa and Assam. Dogs, cats, foxes and other wild animals are definitive hosts for dirofilaria. Human ocular parasitosis is prevalent in geographical areas where environmental factors and poor sanitary conditions favor parasitism between humans and animals. However, in recent years, migrating population have facilitated the spread of certain parasitic diseases from endemic to non-endemic areas. We report a case of subconjunctival dirofilariasis in a 91-year-old man, who presented with features of orbital cellulitis. An intact live worm, measuring 13.5 cm, was extracted from the subconjunctival space, following which there was prompt resolution of symptoms.
PURPOSE
Given the increase in the frequency of dirofilariasis in humans in recent years, medical practitioners should bear in mind the possibility of ocular dirofilariasis when a patient presents with an ocular or orbital inflammatory lesion.
SYNOPSIS
This video illustrates various presentations of ocular dirofilaria and surgical extraction of a live worm from the subconjunctival space.
HIGHLIGHTS
Lifecycle and human ocular manifestations of dirofilaria ared elucidated. Rare presentation of subconjunctival dirofilariasis as orbital cellulitis and its resolution following removal of the live worm has been demonstrated.
VIDEO LINK
https://youtu.be/Nj8unz0S85M.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Conjunctiva; Dirofilaria; Dirofilariasis; Humans; India; Male; Orbital Cellulitis
PubMed: 35326084
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_630_22 -
Cureus Jan 2024Periorbital emphysema is rare and associated with facial trauma. Its main distinguishing feature is crepitation on palpation of the edema. It resolves spontaneously in a...
Periorbital emphysema is rare and associated with facial trauma. Its main distinguishing feature is crepitation on palpation of the edema. It resolves spontaneously in a few days, but there are cases of orbital compartment syndrome that can lead to loss of vision. Here we present the case of a 55-year-old male who came to the emergency department for bilateral periorbital edema associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) usage, for pain following a fall from a ladder. He was treated with antihistamines and corticosteroids, for presumed allergic reaction, but without response, and subsequently developed acute onset dyspnea. Chest x-ray revealed a left pneumothorax in the context of chest trauma. Chest CT scan after drain placement shows extensive subcutaneous emphysema. In the differential diagnosis of periorbital edema, in addition to allergic, inflammatory, and systemic causes, the traumatic ones should not be excluded.
PubMed: 38187024
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51691 -
Clinical Medicine Insights. Case Reports 2024Infratemporal fossa (ITF) tumors are rare in children and may present with a variety of symptoms. Teratomas are neoplasms derived from the 3 germ layers and...
Infratemporal fossa (ITF) tumors are rare in children and may present with a variety of symptoms. Teratomas are neoplasms derived from the 3 germ layers and approximately 6% to 10% are within the head and neck. Our study discusses one of the first reported cases of teratoma in the ITF in a pediatric patient. A 3-year-old girl presents with 2 years of recurrent monthly left periorbital swelling accompanied by fevers, skin discoloration, and pain. Prior episodes were treated with antibiotics with incomplete resolution. Imaging revealed a cystic lesion centered in the ITF. She was taken for endoscopic endonasal biopsy of the lesion and had no complications. Pathology revealed a mature teratoma composed primarily of pancreatic tissue. Providers should consider masses such as teratoma in the differential for ITF tumors and periorbital edema unresponsive to typical treatment.
PubMed: 38827640
DOI: 10.1177/11795476241255563