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Frontiers in Public Health 2024Individuals with disabilities are more vulnerable to depression development than the general population. This study sought to map the evidence on current knowledge of... (Review)
Review
Individuals with disabilities are more vulnerable to depression development than the general population. This study sought to map the evidence on current knowledge of depression, intervention strategies, and assessment tools among people with disabilities. This review was conducted following Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review methodology framework. An electronic search was performed on four English databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. The original search returned 1802 results, with 1,116 from Web of Science, 626 from PubMed, 25 from Cochrane, and 35 from PsycINFO. After removing duplicates, 786 articles were chosen for the title and abstract screening processes. Finally, 112 full-text publications were deemed eligible, with 41 papers being included in this scoping review for analysis. A large proportion (32; 78.04%) of the studies chosen were cross-sectional, 14 (34.14%) of them reported general disability, 12 (29.26%) used a patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) to measure depression, and 14 (34.14%) had interventions, including cognitive behavioral therapy, psychological counseling, social support, and physical activity. All interventions successfully reduced the severity of the depression. Cognitive behavioral therapies and psychological counseling were widely used interventions that had a significant impact on reducing depression. More randomized controlled trials are required, and they should focus on individuals with specific disabilities to provide disability-specific care that can improve the quality of life for disabled individuals.
Topics: Humans; Disabled Persons; Depression; Social Support; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
PubMed: 38779421
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1383078 -
Predictors of access to healthcare professionals for people with intellectual disability in Ireland.Journal of Intellectual Disabilities :... Mar 2022The Irish National Intellectual Disability Database is updated annually and in 2017 contained records for nearly 22,000 persons aged 15 years and over. Information was... (Review)
Review
The Irish National Intellectual Disability Database is updated annually and in 2017 contained records for nearly 22,000 persons aged 15 years and over. Information was extracted on the contacts each person had with one of eight health professionals in the years 2007, 2012 and 2017. Over these years, there was an increase in the number of people in contact with any professional or with four and more professionals. Nevertheless, the people less likely to have contact were those with milder forms of intellectual disability, persons living with family carers or independently and those linked to smaller provider agencies. By contrast, the odds of people with more severe disability in residential settings were up to eight times greater for having contact with four or more different professionals. As demand for healthcare grows due to increased longevity and service models shift to the community, redeployment of existing professional resources will be needed along with a review of the skill mix.
Topics: Caregivers; Delivery of Health Care; Disabled Persons; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Ireland
PubMed: 32691664
DOI: 10.1177/1744629520937835 -
Neurology Feb 2020Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide and a leading cause of adult disability worldwide. More than a third of individuals presenting with strokes are...
Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide and a leading cause of adult disability worldwide. More than a third of individuals presenting with strokes are estimated to have a preexisting disability. Despite unprecedented advances in stroke research and clinical practice over the past decade, approaches to acute stroke care for persons with preexisting disability have received scant attention. Current standards of research and clinical practice are influenced by an underexplored range of biases that may hinder acute stroke care for persons with disability. These trends may exacerbate unequal health outcomes by rendering novel stroke therapies inaccessible to many persons with disabilities. Here, we explore the underpinnings and implications of biases involving persons with disability in stroke research and practice. Recent insights from bioethics, disability rights, and health law are explained and critically evaluated in the context of prevailing research and clinical practices. Allowing disability to drive decisions to withhold acute stroke interventions may perpetuate disparate health outcomes and undermine ethically resilient stroke care. Advocacy for inclusion of persons with disability in future stroke trials can improve equity in stroke care delivery.
Topics: Bioethical Issues; Clinical Decision-Making; Clinical Trials as Topic; Delivery of Health Care; Disabled Persons; Healthcare Disparities; Humans; Patient Rights; Stroke
PubMed: 31969466
DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000008964 -
Disability and Health Journal Jun 2022This Supplement of the Disability and Health Journal presents research at the intersection of disability and substance use disorders (SUD). A better understanding of...
This Supplement of the Disability and Health Journal presents research at the intersection of disability and substance use disorders (SUD). A better understanding of their complex relationship is needed to (1) inform the development of culturally relevant, accessible, and inclusive prevention and intervention efforts aimed at eliminating disparities in SUD prevalence among people with disabilities; and (2) improve access, quality and outcomes of SUD treatment and other recovery support services for people with disabilities. These eleven articles include themes around prevalence and identification of disability-related disparities, perspectives of people with lived experience of disability, and adaptations to substance use measures and interventions. They highlight the importance of a public health focus on the unique needs of people with disabilities and development of accessible and person-centered interventions. Integrative and holistic SUD prevention and treatment efforts, including pain management, are essential to address the complex needs of people with both disability and SUD.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Prevalence; Public Health; Substance-Related Disorders
PubMed: 35346601
DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2022.101285 -
American Journal of Public Health Jul 2017
Topics: Adult; Disabled Persons; Humans; Policy; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 28590856
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2017.303859 -
Psychiatria Danubina Dec 2023Intellectual Abilities, as defined in the twelfth edition of the classification manual of the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, are a...
Intellectual Abilities, as defined in the twelfth edition of the classification manual of the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, are a fundamental part of the rehabilitation process, also understood as functional rehabilitation or the rehabilitation of specific more or less complex functions, in a paradoxical game of mirrors even in the rehabilitation of intellectual functions themselves. Intellectual Disability changes the rules of the game, all the more radically the more severe it is, exacerbating the importance of multidimensional assessment of residual abilities and impaired functions on the basis of which to define realistic goals and choose the tools of rehabilitation and the ways of implementing therapeutic programs in a team effort that consists of the professionals, family and care givers, as well as the disabled person to the extent that he or she is able to actively participate in conducting his or her own rehabilitation.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Disabled Persons; Intellectual Disability; Cognition; Medicine
PubMed: 37994074
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine Feb 2021Many patients have disabilities; it is therefore essential that medical education includes comprehensive teaching on disability and rehabilitation. In 2006 Hannover...
BACKGROUND
Many patients have disabilities; it is therefore essential that medical education includes comprehensive teaching on disability and rehabilitation. In 2006 Hannover Medical School implemented an introductory course in the curriculum for medical students, on how to communicate with persons with disability and the need for rehabilitation. The course, entitled "Introduction to medicine", has the main goals of teaching the strategy and systematic approach of medicine to solving patients' problems.
METHODS
This paper describes the content, methods and outcomes of 1 of the 4 main themes of the "Introduction to medicine" course; the theme "Pain and disability", which is covered in the second week of the course.
RESULTS
Evaluation of the "Pain and disability" module found that students' ratings for the category "patient involvement" were very high (93%), whereas their ratings for the category "examination of student knowledge" were low. The overall rating of the module was "good" (10.8 out of 15 points), but not "very good".
CONCLUSION
The concept of the "Pain and disability" module is feasible and successful, even though it is scheduled early in the first year of the curriculum and approximately 350 students participate. Factors related to this success are: a mixture of teaching knowledge, supporting students' understanding, and applying communication and physical examination skills.
Topics: Curriculum; Disabled Persons; Humans; Students, Medical
PubMed: 33594446
DOI: 10.2340/16501977-2797 -
Psychiatria Danubina Dec 2023The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) enshrines the right of persons with disabilities to enjoy the highest standard of health and access to...
The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) enshrines the right of persons with disabilities to enjoy the highest standard of health and access to health care without discrimination, but persons with disabilities have logistical and assistive support needs that must be known in order to build a health service offer that meets their needs and respects their rights in line with the CRPD. Examples of accessibility of medical care include the removal of an architectural barrier, the adaptation of a protocol, and ensuring information about care is delivered using easy to understand means of communications. An example of full inclusion and accessibility of the healthcare system for persons with intellectual disabilities is the DAMA (Disabled Advanced Medical Assistance), a project developed and tested at the Milan San Paolo Hospital. DAMA is an inclusive service provision methodology and offers a model that can follow, with a multidisciplinary approach, the person at every stage of the diagnostic and clinical pathway, and to support his or her family in dealing with the hospital. The diffusion of the DAMA model has demonstrated the flexibility of the model itself and its ability to adapt to hospitals with different characteristics and dimensions. The future is the institution of an organized network of all DAMA centres that share common clinical protocols and homogeneous archives. It will grant us the capability of collecting consistent epidemiological and clinical data, valuable for scientific researching and for training health personnel.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Disabled Persons; Delivery of Health Care; Intellectual Disability; Hospitals; Health Services Accessibility
PubMed: 37994066
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Environmental... Jun 2022The aim of this systematic review was to identify the main factors affecting the training process of para-athletes, as well as the barriers they encounter. For this... (Review)
Review
The aim of this systematic review was to identify the main factors affecting the training process of para-athletes, as well as the barriers they encounter. For this purpose, a systematic review was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA declaration guidelines, in which six databases were analysed (Web of Science, Scopus, SportDiscus, Pubmed, Eric, and PsycInfo). A total of 19 articles were selected for analysis after applying the inclusion criteria. The results show that the figures of the coach and families in the sporting and social contexts, respectively, had a relevant influence on the training process of para-athletes. Furthermore, in terms of psychological aspects, stress reduction, the importance of self-esteem, and motivation were highlighted. On the other hand, there are some barriers hindering the training and performance of athletes, which are related to the lack of financial support, lack of visibility in the media, and dependence on other people. These considerations can be of great help to coaches and competent institutions in the field (Paralympic committees, federations, etc.) in order to improve the training process and performance of para-athletes and to eliminate the barriers encountered by this group, promoting policies which facilitate access to sports for people with disabilities.
Topics: Athletes; Disabled Persons; Humans; Motivation; Para-Athletes; Sports
PubMed: 35742492
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127242 -
AMA Journal of Ethics Oct 2016The meaning of "disability" has shifted with changes in public policy. Half a century ago, Congress was convinced that narrow determinations of disability are easy for...
The meaning of "disability" has shifted with changes in public policy. Half a century ago, Congress was convinced that narrow determinations of disability are easy for physicians to make. But with the advent of universal civil rights protection against disability discrimination in the US, deciding whether particular individuals are disabled became increasingly contentious, until Congress intervened. What should now be addressed in each case is not whether the functionally compromised person is severely disabled enough to exercise a right, but whether mitigating interventions and reasonable accommodations can together achieve equitable access for that person.
Topics: Civil Rights; Disability Evaluation; Disabled Persons; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Public Policy; Social Discrimination; Social Justice; United States
PubMed: 27780027
DOI: 10.1001/journalofethics.2016.18.10.pfor2-1610