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Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging Feb 2016
Topics: Humans; Lithiasis; Male; Middle Aged; Palatine Tonsil; Pharyngeal Diseases
PubMed: 26441018
DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2013.02.017 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Aug 2018
Topics: Hernia; Humans; Laryngoscopy; Male; Music; Pharyngeal Diseases; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Young Adult
PubMed: 30138513
DOI: 10.1177/014556131809700818 -
CoDAS 2019To compare pharyngeal residues of different consistencies among groups of individuals with neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Observational Study
PURPOSE
To compare pharyngeal residues of different consistencies among groups of individuals with neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia.
METHODS
In a cross-sectional study, a fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation was performed in 30 swallowing exams of individuals diagnosed with neurological disease and oropharyngeal dysphagia, regardless of the time or stage of the disease. The individuals were divided into three groups according to etiology: group I, 10 post-stroke, 8 male and 2 female, aged 51 to 80 years (average age: 67 years); group II, 10 individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 5 male and 5 female, aged 39 to 78 years (average age: 57 years); group III, 10 examinations of individuals with Parkinson's disease, 5 male and 5 female aged 65-88 years (average age: 74 years). The Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale was applied by two independent raters in a blind manner for the analysis of pharyngeal residues in valleculae and pyriform sinuses based on the first swallowing of 5 mL of pureed and thickened liquid.
RESULTS
No statistically significant difference was observed among groups in the degree of pharyngeal residues of puree food or thickened liquid in the valleculae (p = 0.25/p = 0.18) or the pyriform sinuses (p = 1.41/0.49).
CONCLUSION
The pharyngeal residue levels of pureed and thickened liquid were similar for the groups studied, with less severe levels being more frequent.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Deglutition Disorders; Female; Humans; Laryngoscopy; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Severity of Illness Index; Stroke; Video Recording
PubMed: 31618343
DOI: 10.1590/2317-1782/20192018160 -
American Journal of Physical Medicine &... May 2021Dysphagia is the difficulty in swallowing because of the presence of certain diseases; it particularly compromises the oral and/or pharyngeal stages. In severe acute... (Review)
Review
Dysphagia is the difficulty in swallowing because of the presence of certain diseases; it particularly compromises the oral and/or pharyngeal stages. In severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, neuromuscular complications, prolonged bed rest, and endotracheal intubation target different levels of the swallowing network. Thus, critically ill patients are prone to dysphagia and aspiration pneumonia. In this review, we first discuss the possible cause and pathophysiology underlying dysphagia associated with coronavirus disease 2019, including cerebrovascular events, such as stroke, encephalomyelitis, encephalopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and myositis, that may lead to the dysphagia reported as a complication associated with the coronavirus disease 2019. Next, we present some recommendations for dysphagia evaluation with modifications that would allow a safe and comprehensive assessment based on available evidence to date, including critical considerations of the appropriate use of personal protective equipment and optimization individual's noninstrumental swallowing tasks evaluation, while preserving instrumental assessments for urgent cases only. Finally, we discuss a practical managing strategy for dysphagia rehabilitation to ensure safe and efficient practice in the risks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 exposure, in which swallowing therapy using newer technology, such as telerehabilitation system or wearable device, would be considered as a useful option.
Topics: COVID-19; Deglutition Disorders; Humans; Telerehabilitation
PubMed: 33657028
DOI: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000001735 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023Higher educational attainment (EA) has proven to be beneficial for preventing and treating various types of cancers. Currently, there is little evidence on the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
Higher educational attainment (EA) has proven to be beneficial for preventing and treating various types of cancers. Currently, there is little evidence on the association between EA and prevention of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer (OCPC).
METHODS
Several databases were searched until October 1, 2022, and a meta-analysis was performed. A Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted with EA (i.e., the exposure) data derived from the Social Science Genetic Association Consortium and 6,034 cases of OCPC (i.e., outcome) selected from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit genome-wide association study. Five methods were used to evaluate the causality between EA and OCPC. The leave-one-out sensitivity test, MR-Egger regression, and multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis were applied to evaluate the MR results.
RESULTS
The meta-analysis included 36 eligible studies. EA was significantly and negatively associated with OCPC risk (odds ratio [OR]: 0.439, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.383-0.503, < 0.001). MR analysis revealed that the risk of OCPC, oropharyngeal cancer, and oral cavity cancer decreased with an increase in education (OR: 0.349, 95% CI: 0.222-0.548, < 0.001; OR: 0.343, 95% CI: 0.198-0.597; < 0.001; OR: 0.342, 95% CI: 0.195-0.601, < 0.001, respectively). Even after correcting for mediators, high EA still significantly reduced the risk of OCPC (OR: 0.361, 95% CI: 0.281-0.463, < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Both the meta-analysis and MR results demonstrated that high levels of EA can reduce the risk of OCPC in the general population.
Topics: Humans; Genome-Wide Association Study; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms; Educational Status; Databases, Factual
PubMed: 37124787
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1132035 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2022Pharyngocutaneous fistula is the most common complication after total laryngectomy and is difficult to heal. Although conservative treatment and surgical repair are... (Review)
Review
Pharyngocutaneous fistula is the most common complication after total laryngectomy and is difficult to heal. Although conservative treatment and surgical repair are effective, they often take longer and additional trips to the operating room, which undoubtedly increases the financial burden on patients. Especially in combination with diseases such as diabetes and hypertension, which affect the efficacy of surgery. Adding growth factors into the repair material can promote fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis, and accelerate wound healing. A substantial number of studies have shown that a type of nanoscale extracellular vesicle, called exosomes, facilitates organization repair by promoting blood vessel production, protein polysaccharides, and collagen deposition, thereby representing a new type of cellular therapy. At present, there is little research on the application of exosomes in pharyngocutaneous fistula regeneration after total laryngectomy. In this review, we summarize the biological characteristics of exosomes and their application in biomedical science, and highlight their application prospects in pharyngocutaneous fistula regeneration after total laryngectomy.
Topics: Cutaneous Fistula; Exosomes; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Laryngectomy; Pharyngeal Diseases
PubMed: 36118178
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S372042 -
RoFo : Fortschritte Auf Dem Gebiete Der... Sep 2018
Topics: Calcinosis; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Female; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Incidental Findings; Mandibular Diseases; Middle Aged; Palatine Tonsil; Pharyngeal Diseases; Radiography, Dental, Digital; Radiography, Panoramic
PubMed: 29590667
DOI: 10.1055/a-0591-4659 -
BMJ Open Dec 2021Dysphagia is a common and critical consequence of acquired brain injury (ABI) and can cause severe complications. Dysphagia rehabilitation is transforming from mainly... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Dysphagia is a common and critical consequence of acquired brain injury (ABI) and can cause severe complications. Dysphagia rehabilitation is transforming from mainly compensatory strategies to the retraining of swallowing function using principles from neuroscience. However, there are no studies that map interventions available to retrain swallowing function in patients with moderate-to-severe ABI.
OBJECTIVE
To systematically map the accessible research literature to answer the research question: DESIGN: Scoping review based on the methodology of Arksey and O'Malley and methodological advancement by Levac DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, OTseeker, speechBITE and PEDro were searched up until 14 March 2021.
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
All studies reporting rehabilitative interventions within 6 months of injury for patients with moderate-to-severe ABI and dysphagia were included.
DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS
Data was extracted by two independent reviewers and studies were categorised based on treatment modality.
RESULTS
A total of 21 396 records were retrieved, and a final of 26 studies were included. Interventions were categorised into or stimulation of the swallowing network. Cortical stimulation interventions were repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation. Non-cortical were complex swallowing interventions, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, pharyngeal electrical stimulation (PES), sensory stimulation, strengthening exercises and respiratory muscle training.
CONCLUSION
This scoping review provides an overview of rehabilitative dysphagia interventions for patients with moderate and severe ABI, predominantly due to stroke, in the acute and subacute phase. Positive tendencies towards beneficial effects were found for rTMS, complex swallowing interventions, PES and cervical strengthening. Future studies could benefit from clear reporting of patient diagnosis and disease severity, the use of more standardised treatment protocols or algorithms and fewer but standardised outcome measures to enable comparison of effects across studies and interventions.
Topics: Brain Injuries; Deglutition; Deglutition Disorders; Humans; Stroke; Stroke Rehabilitation; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
PubMed: 34857571
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053244 -
European Journal of Neurology Aug 2022Oropharyngeal dysphagia is generally recognized to increase the risk of malnutrition; however, its role in patients with neurodegenerative disease has yet to be...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Oropharyngeal dysphagia is generally recognized to increase the risk of malnutrition; however, its role in patients with neurodegenerative disease has yet to be determined. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the impact of swallowing function on malnutrition risk in patients with neurodegenerative diseases.
METHODS
Patients with oral nutrition and diagnosis of Huntington disease (HD), Parkinson disease (PD), or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) were recruited. Demographic and clinical data were collected. The swallowing assessment included a fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing, an oral phase assessment, and a meal observation scored with the Mealtime Assessment Scale (MAS). Malnutrition risk was assessed with the Mini Nutritional Assessment.
RESULTS
Overall, 148 patients were recruited (54 HD, 33 PD, and 61 ALS). One hundred (67.6%) patients were considered at risk of malnutrition. In the multivariate analysis, age ≥ 65 years (odds ratio [OR] = 3.16, p = 0.014), disease severity (moderate vs mild OR = 3.89, severe vs mild OR = 9.71, p = 0.003), number of masticatory cycles (OR = 1.03, p = 0.044), and MAS safety (OR = 1.44, p = 0.016) were significantly associated with malnutrition risk.
CONCLUSIONS
Prolonged oral phase and signs of impaired swallowing safety during meals, together with older age and disease severity, are independent predictors of malnutrition risk in neurodegenerative diseases. This study broadens the focus on dysphagia, stressing the importance of early detection not only of pharyngeal signs, but also of oral phase impairment and meal difficulties through a multidimensional swallowing assessment.
Topics: Aged; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Deglutition; Deglutition Disorders; Humans; Huntington Disease; Malnutrition; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Parkinson Disease
PubMed: 35384164
DOI: 10.1111/ene.15345 -
International Journal of Chronic... 2015Patients with respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), may have swallowing dysfunction.
BACKGROUND
Patients with respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), may have swallowing dysfunction.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the oral and pharyngeal phases of swallowing in patients with COPD.
METHODS
We studied 16 patients with clinical manifestations and pulmonary function tests diagnosis of COPD (mean age: 68 years) and 15 nonsmoking healthy volunteers (mean age: 65 years) with normal pulmonary function tests. All subjects were submitted to clinical and videofluoroscopic evaluation of swallowing. Each subject performed in duplicate swallows of 5 mL and 10 mL of liquid bolus, paste bolus, and a solid bolus.
RESULTS
In general, the duration of the events of the pharyngeal phase of swallowing was longer in COPD patients than controls. The difference was significant in the laryngeal vestibular closure, hyoid movement, and pharyngeal transit with swallows of both volumes of liquid bolus; in oral-pharyngeal transit with 5 mL paste bolus; and in pharyngeal and oral-pharyngeal transit with solid bolus. The difference between the duration of maximal laryngeal elevation and the duration of pharyngeal transit was higher in control subjects than in patients with COPD.
CONCLUSION
The results suggested that patients with COPD have a longer pharyngeal swallowing phase than normal subjects, which is associated with a decrease in the difference between the duration of maximal laryngeal elevation and the duration of pharyngeal transit.
Topics: Aged; Case-Control Studies; Deglutition; Deglutition Disorders; Female; Fluoroscopy; Gastrointestinal Transit; Humans; Larynx; Male; Middle Aged; Pharynx; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Time Factors; Video Recording
PubMed: 25784795
DOI: 10.2147/COPD.S74945