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Viruses Mar 2020We recently completed the Special Issue on 'Plant Virus Epidemiology and Control'. As editors, we decided not to offer vouchers to scientists that submit to this issue....
We recently completed the Special Issue on 'Plant Virus Epidemiology and Control'. As editors, we decided not to offer vouchers to scientists that submit to this issue. This action had an effect on the number of papers received and accepted. We received a total of 19 papers and we accepted four [...].
Topics: Epidemiology; Plant Diseases; Plant Viruses
PubMed: 32178441
DOI: 10.3390/v12030309 -
The Plant Cell Apr 2022Hemipterans (such as aphids, whiteflies, and leafhoppers) are some of the most devastating insect pests due to the numerous plant pathogens they transmit as vectors,... (Review)
Review
Hemipterans (such as aphids, whiteflies, and leafhoppers) are some of the most devastating insect pests due to the numerous plant pathogens they transmit as vectors, which are primarily viral. Over the past decade, tremendous progress has been made in broadening our understanding of plant-virus-vector interactions, yet on the molecular level, viruses and vectors have typically been studied in isolation of each other until recently. From that work, it is clear that both hemipteran vectors and viruses use effectors to manipulate host physiology and successfully colonize a plant and that co-evolutionary dynamics have resulted in effective host immune responses, as well as diverse mechanisms of counterattack by both challengers. In this review, we focus on advances in effector-mediated plant-virus-vector interactions and the underlying mechanisms. We propose that molecular synergisms in vector-virus interactions occur in cases where both the virus and vector benefit from the interaction (mutualism). To support this view, we show that mutualisms are common in virus-vector interactions and that virus and vector effectors target conserved mechanisms of plant immunity, including plant transcription factors, and plant protein degradation pathways. Finally, we outline ways to identify true effector synergisms in the future and propose future research directions concerning the roles effectors play in plant-virus-vector interactions.
Topics: Animals; Aphids; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Insect Vectors; Plant Diseases; Plant Immunity; Plant Viruses; Plants
PubMed: 35277714
DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac058 -
Viruses Jul 2019I thank all the teams of authors, the scientists who reviewed submitted manuscripts and made suggestions that improved the reports, and the editorial staff workers who...
I thank all the teams of authors, the scientists who reviewed submitted manuscripts and made suggestions that improved the reports, and the editorial staff workers who put this special issue together [...].
Topics: Biodiversity; Ecology; Plant Viruses
PubMed: 31344791
DOI: 10.3390/v11080676 -
Viruses Jan 2021We are pleased to present in this Special Issue a series of reviews and research studies on the topic of "" [...].
We are pleased to present in this Special Issue a series of reviews and research studies on the topic of "" [...].
Topics: Plant Diseases; Plant Viruses; Plants
PubMed: 33401517
DOI: 10.3390/v13010055 -
Molecular Plant Pathology Nov 2019Plant virus genome replication and movement is dependent on host resources and factors. However, plants respond to virus infection through several mechanisms, such as... (Review)
Review
Plant virus genome replication and movement is dependent on host resources and factors. However, plants respond to virus infection through several mechanisms, such as autophagy, ubiquitination, mRNA decay and gene silencing, that target viral components. Viral factors work in synchrony with pro-viral host factors during the infection cycle and are targeted by antiviral responses. Accordingly, establishment of virus infection is genetically determined by the availability of the pro-viral factors necessary for genome replication and movement, and by the balance between plant defence and viral suppression of defence responses. Sequential requirement of pro-viral factors and the antagonistic activity of antiviral factors suggest a two-step model to explain plant-virus interactions. At each step of the infection process, host factors with antiviral activity have been identified. Here we review our current understanding of host factors with antiviral activity against plant viruses.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Genes, Plant; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Plant Proteins; Plant Viruses; Plants
PubMed: 31286679
DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12851 -
FEBS Letters Sep 2022Autophagy is a conserved degradation pathway that delivers dysfunctional cellular organelles or other cytosol components to degradative vesicular structures (vacuoles in... (Review)
Review
Autophagy is a conserved degradation pathway that delivers dysfunctional cellular organelles or other cytosol components to degradative vesicular structures (vacuoles in plants and yeasts, lysosomes in mammals) for degradation and recycling. Viruses are intracellular parasites that hijack their host to live. Research on regulation of the trade-off between plant cells and viruses has indicated that autophagy is an integral part of the host response to virus infection. Meanwhile, plants have evolved a diverse array of defense responses to counter pathogenic viruses. In this review, we focus on the roles of autophagy in plant virus infection and offer a glimpse of recent advances about how plant viruses evade autophagy or manipulate host autophagy pathways to complete their replication cycle.
Topics: Animals; Autophagy; Lysosomes; Mammals; Plant Viruses; Plants; Vacuoles; Virus Diseases
PubMed: 35404481
DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14349 -
Viruses Jun 2023The Special Issue 'State-of-the-Art Plant Virus Research in Australasia' in provided a fascinating snapshot of plant and fungus virus research being undertaken in...
The Special Issue 'State-of-the-Art Plant Virus Research in Australasia' in provided a fascinating snapshot of plant and fungus virus research being undertaken in Australasia during the final year of the official COVID-19 pandemic [...].
Topics: Humans; Pandemics; COVID-19; Australasia; Plant Viruses
PubMed: 37376611
DOI: 10.3390/v15061311 -
Viruses Sep 2018Plant viruses use cellular factors and resources to replicate and move. Plants respond to viral infection by several mechanisms, including innate immunity, autophagy,... (Review)
Review
Plant viruses use cellular factors and resources to replicate and move. Plants respond to viral infection by several mechanisms, including innate immunity, autophagy, and gene silencing, that viruses must evade or suppress. Thus, the establishment of infection is genetically determined by the availability of host factors necessary for virus replication and movement and by the balance between plant defense and viral suppression of defense responses. Host factors may have antiviral or proviral activities. Proviral factors condition susceptibility to viruses by participating in processes essential to the virus. Here, we review current advances in the identification and characterization of host factors that condition susceptibility to plant viruses. Host factors with proviral activity have been identified for all parts of the virus infection cycle: viral RNA translation, viral replication complex formation, accumulation or activity of virus replication proteins, virus movement, and virion assembly. These factors could be targets of gene editing to engineer resistance to plant viruses.
Topics: Genes, Plant; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Plant Diseases; Plant Viruses; Plants
PubMed: 30201857
DOI: 10.3390/v10090484 -
Virology May 2015Replication and intercellular spread of viruses depend on host mechanisms supporting the formation, transport and turnover of functional complexes between viral genomes,... (Review)
Review
Replication and intercellular spread of viruses depend on host mechanisms supporting the formation, transport and turnover of functional complexes between viral genomes, virus-encoded products and cellular factors. To enhance these processes, viruses assemble and replicate in membrane-associated complexes that may develop into "virus factories" or "viroplasms" in which viral components and host factors required for replication are concentrated. Many plant viruses replicate in association with the cortical ER-actin network that is continuous between cells through plasmodesmata. The replication complexes can be highly organized and supported by network interactions between the viral genome and the virus-encoded proteins. Intracellular PD targeting of replication complexes links the process of movement to replication and provides specificity for transport of the viral genome by the virus-encoded movement proteins. The formation and trafficking of replication complexes and also the development and anchorage of replication factories involves important roles of the cortical cytoskeleton and associated motor proteins.
Topics: Biological Transport; Cytoskeleton; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Plant Diseases; Plant Viral Movement Proteins; Plant Viruses; Virus Replication
PubMed: 25746797
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.01.025 -
Viruses May 2021Negative-strand (-) RNA viruses (NSVs) comprise a large and diverse group of viruses that are generally divided in those with non-segmented and those with segmented... (Review)
Review
Negative-strand (-) RNA viruses (NSVs) comprise a large and diverse group of viruses that are generally divided in those with non-segmented and those with segmented genomes. Whereas most NSVs infect animals and humans, the smaller group of the plant-infecting counterparts is expanding, with many causing devastating diseases worldwide, affecting a large number of major bulk and high-value food crops. In 2018, the taxonomy of segmented NSVs faced a major reorganization with the establishment of the order . This article overviews the major plant viruses that are part of the order, i.e., orthospoviruses (), tenuiviruses (), and emaraviruses (), and provides updates on the more recent ongoing research. Features shared with the animal-infecting counterparts are mentioned, however, special attention is given to their adaptation to plant hosts and vector transmission, including intra/intercellular trafficking and viral counter defense to antiviral RNAi.
Topics: Bunyaviridae; Plant Diseases; Plant Viruses; Plants; RNA Viruses
PubMed: 34066457
DOI: 10.3390/v13050842