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Frontiers in Oncology 2022Pancreatic cancer is a digestive system malignancy and poses a high mortality worldwide. Traditionally, neutrophils have been thought to play a role in acute... (Review)
Review
Pancreatic cancer is a digestive system malignancy and poses a high mortality worldwide. Traditionally, neutrophils have been thought to play a role in acute inflammation. In contrast, their importance during tumor diseases has been less well studied. Generally, neutrophils are recruited into the tumor microenvironment and exert inflammation and tumor-promoting effects. As an essential part of the tumor microenvironment, neutrophils play diverse roles in pancreatic cancer, such as angiogenesis, progression, metastasis and immunosuppression. Additionally, neutrophils can be a new potential therapeutic target in cancer. Inhibitors of cytokines, chemokines and neutrophil extracellular traps can exert antitumor effects. In this review, we describe the role of neutrophils in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer, discuss their potential as therapeutic targets, and aim to provide ideas for improving the prognosis of patients with this malignant tumor disease.
PubMed: 36324574
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1025805 -
Hand Clinics Feb 2017Football and rugby athletes are at increased risk of finger injuries given the full-contact nature of these sports. Some players may return to play early with protective... (Review)
Review
Football and rugby athletes are at increased risk of finger injuries given the full-contact nature of these sports. Some players may return to play early with protective taping, splinting, and casting. Others require a longer rehabilitation period and prolonged time away from the field. The treating hand surgeon must weigh the benefits of early return to play for the current season and future playing career against the risks of reinjury and long-term morbidity, including post-traumatic arthritis and decreased range of motion and strength. Each player must be comprehensively assessed and managed with an individualized treatment plan.
Topics: Finger Injuries; Football; Forecasting; Humans; Return to Sport
PubMed: 27886831
DOI: 10.1016/j.hcl.2016.08.007 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2019Neutrophils are the most abundant population of white blood cells in the human circulation. They are terminally differentiated myeloid cells which were traditionally... (Review)
Review
Neutrophils are the most abundant population of white blood cells in the human circulation. They are terminally differentiated myeloid cells which were traditionally associated with fighting infections and inflammatory processes. While this perception of neutrophils is still widely prevalent, in the past decade it has become clear that neutrophils also play a critical role in tumor growth and progression. The unique tumor microenvironment, consisting of the non-malignant stroma that surrounds tumor cells, is shaped by numerous cues emanating from both tumor cells and stromal cells which support the growing tumor. Various immune cells, including neutrophils, make up a significant proportion of the tumor stroma. Immune cells exist for the protection of the host against various threats including the detection and elimination of cancerous cells. However, in the context of cancer immune cells are often coerced into a tumor supportive phenotype. This is also the case for neutrophils, which are often described to possess tumor promoting properties and to associate with poorer prognosis. The fact that neutrophils may contribute to tumor growth and progression suggests they may be targets for anti-cancer therapies. This review discusses the various functions neutrophils may play in cancer and the possibility of targeting these functions as a novel mode of immunotherapy.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Lymphocytes; Neoplasms; Neutrophils
PubMed: 31379884
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01710 -
Critical Reviews in Oncology/hematology Jan 2017Expressions of many microRNAs (miRNAs) in response to ionizing radiation (IR) have already been investigated and some of them seem to play an important role in the tumor... (Review)
Review
Expressions of many microRNAs (miRNAs) in response to ionizing radiation (IR) have already been investigated and some of them seem to play an important role in the tumor radioresistance, normal tissue radiotoxicity or as predictive biomarkers to radiation. miR-34a is an emerging miRNA in recent radiobiology studies. Here, we review this miR-34 family member by detailing its different roles in radiation response and we will discuss about the role that it can play in radiation treatment. Thus, we will show that IR regulates miR-34a by increasing its expression. We will also highlight different biological processes involved in cellular response to IR and regulated by miR-34a in order to demonstrate the role it can play in tumor radio-response or normal tissue radiotoxicity as a radiosensitizer or radioprotector. miR-34a is poised to assert itself as an important player in radiobiology and should become more and more important in radiation therapy management.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Humans; MicroRNAs; Neoplasms; Radiation Tolerance; Radiation, Ionizing
PubMed: 28010900
DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.11.017 -
Current Cardiology Reports Aug 2021To discuss the possible harmful effects and pathophysiology of exercise in cases of pericarditis, explore the role of multi-modality imaging to help guide exercise... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
To discuss the possible harmful effects and pathophysiology of exercise in cases of pericarditis, explore the role of multi-modality imaging to help guide exercise recommendations, and compare U.S. with European guideline recommendations on the safe resumption of physical activity following resolution of pericarditis.
RECENT FINDINGS
Despite multiple postulated mechanisms by which exercise may be harmful during active inflammation of the myocardium or pericardium, the exact pathophysiology remains largely unknown. The inclusion of multi-modality cardiac imaging may play a role in further elucidating the relationship of exercise with outcomes in pericarditis. More recently, the prevalence of COVID-19 cardiac involvement in athletes prior to returning to play appears lower than previously reported; however, current recommendations are consistent with those for other etiologies of pericarditis. Further research is certainly needed to better understand the relationship between physical activity and pericarditis, the pathophysiology, and the prognostic role of multimodality imaging.
Topics: COVID-19; Exercise; Humans; Pericarditis; Pericardium; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 34448954
DOI: 10.1007/s11886-021-01578-0 -
Paediatrics & Child Health Jul 2023Hospitalized children face pain and anxiety associated with the environment and procedures. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Hospitalized children face pain and anxiety associated with the environment and procedures.
OBJECTIVE
This review aimed to assess the impact of music, play, pet and art therapies on pain and anxiety in hospitalized paediatric patients. RCTs assessing the impact of music, play, pet, and/or art therapies on pain and/or anxiety in hospitalized paediatric patients were eligible.
METHODS
Database searching and citation screening was completed to identify studies. A narrative synthesis was used to summarize study findings and certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE. Of the 761 documents identified, 29 were included spanning music (n = 15), play (n = 12), and pet (n = 3) therapies.
RESULTS
A high certainty of evidence supported play in reducing pain and moderate certainty for music and pet. A moderate certainty of evidence supported music and play in reducing anxiety.
CONCLUSION
Complementary therapies utilized alongside conventional medical treatment may mitigate pain and anxiety in hospitalized paediatric patients.
PubMed: 37287483
DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxad010 -
Biomedicines Jan 2023Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an aggressive malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States and Europe. It is estimated that PC will be the... (Review)
Review
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an aggressive malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States and Europe. It is estimated that PC will be the second leading cause of cancer death by 2030. In addition to late diagnosis, treatment resistance is a major cause of shortened survival in pancreatic cancer. In this context, there is growing evidence that microbes play a regulatory role, particularly in therapy resistance and in creating a microenvironment in the tumor, that favors cancer progression. The presence of certain bacteria belonging to the gamma-proteobacteria or mycoplasmas appears to be associated with both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes. Recent evidence suggests that the microbiota may also play a role in resistance mechanisms to immunotherapy and radiotherapy. However, the interactions between microbiota and therapy are bilateral and modulate therapy tolerance. Future perspectives are increasingly focused on elucidating the role of the microbiota in tumorigenesis and processes of therapy resistance, and a better understanding of these mechanisms may provide important opportunities to improve survival in these patients.
PubMed: 36672664
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010157 -
Journal of Education and Health... 2023Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neuro-behavioral disorder that negatively affects educational, relational, and occupational aspects of one's...
BACKGROUND
Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neuro-behavioral disorder that negatively affects educational, relational, and occupational aspects of one's life. Although many children diagnosed with this disorder can benefit from taking medication, particularly for core symptoms, play therapy and storytelling can be seen as engaging, stimulating, and more compatible with children's developmental needs. The social skills of these children are as vital as other symptoms and can be better addressed with cognitive-based art therapy interventions. Because little research has been focused on the combination of play therapy and storytelling and the social interactions of children with ADHD are highly important in academic settings, this study aimed to determine the effects of this combination on children's social skills with ADHD.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This survey was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. Participants were 7-11-year-old girls and boys with ADHD based on DSM-V referred to child and adolescent psychiatrists' clinics. Selected children were randomly allocated into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received an individual combined intervention of play therapy and storytelling, whereas the control group did not receive any therapeutic intervention for social skills at that time and was on the waiting list. The research tool was the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS), and data were computer-analyzed using SPSS-20 and a couple of descriptive and analytic tests including ANCOVA.
RESULTS
In this study, 30 children with ADHD were included. The combined intervention of play therapy and storytelling has had a significant effect on post-test results of ADHD patients in terms of social skills as well as all test subscales ( < 0/05). There was a significant improvement in the subscales of self-expression, self-control, responsibility, and cooperation ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Results show promise for combined play therapy and storytelling intervention to enhance the social skills of elementary school children diagnosed with ADHD.
PubMed: 38023093
DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1104_22 -
Oncotarget Aug 2021Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive primary human brain cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a set of small endogenous non-coding RNA molecules which play critical...
Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive primary human brain cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a set of small endogenous non-coding RNA molecules which play critical roles in different biological processes including cancer. The realization of miRNA regulatory functions in GBM has demonstrated that these molecules play a critical role in its initiation, progression and response to therapy. In this review we discuss the studies related to miRNA discovery and function in glioblastoma. We first summarize the typical miRNAs and their roles in GBM. Then we debate the potential for miRNA-based therapy for glioblastoma, including various delivery strategies. We surmise that future directions identified by these studies will point towards the necessity for therapeutic development and optimization to improve the outcomes for patients with glioblastoma.
PubMed: 34434499
DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28039 -
Nurse Education Today Nov 2022The purpose of this review is to map how LEGO® SERIOUS PLAY® is currently utilised within education and to explore the benefits it may offer to the education of new... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this review is to map how LEGO® SERIOUS PLAY® is currently utilised within education and to explore the benefits it may offer to the education of new nurses.
DESIGN
A scoping review which utilises a 5 stage methodological framework in order to encapsulate a broad range of evidence relating to the use of LEGO® SERIOUS PLAY® within a variety of educational settings.
DATA SOURCES
Databases searched included CINAHL, Academic Search Premier, PsychInfo, Scopus as well as Proquest Dissertations and Theses and the British Library's Electronic Theses Online Service. Additional sources were also sought through review of the reference lists of relevant articles.
REVIEW METHODS
Retrieved articles were screened for relevance and compiled in a charting table to summarise the key components and findings of each source. Qualitative content analysis was then utilised to address the identified review questions.
RESULTS
A total of 11 texts were reviewed consisting of 1 conference paper, 6 research reports and 4 conceptual articles. These explored the use of LEGO® SERIOUS PLAY® across a broad range of disciplines including nursing, play therapy, occupational therapy and marketing.
CONCLUSIONS
The scoping review highlights that LEGO® SERIOUS PLAY® offers a number of benefits that can be utilised within nursing education, particularly in relation to supporting reflection, formation of professional identity and the development of resilience. These results highlight a gap in the evidence concerning the use of LEGO® SERIOUS PLAY® within nursing education and thus the need for further exploration.
Topics: Delivery of Health Care; Education, Nursing; Educational Status; Humans
PubMed: 36084451
DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105528