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Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.) Jul 2022The lack of new drugs and resistance to existing drugs are serious problems in gastric cancer(GC) treatment. The research found polyphenols possess anti- and antitumor... (Review)
Review
The lack of new drugs and resistance to existing drugs are serious problems in gastric cancer(GC) treatment. The research found polyphenols possess anti- and antitumor activities and may be used in the research and development of drugs for cancer prevention and treatment. However, polyphenols are affected by their chemical structures and physical properties, which leads to relatively low bioavailability and bioactivity in vivo. The intestinal flora can improve the absorption, utilization, and biological activity of polyphenols, whereas polyphenol compounds can increase the richness of the intestinal flora, reduce the activity of carcinogenic bacteria, stabilize the proportion of core flora, and maintain homeostasis of the intestinal microenvironment. Our review summarizes the gastrointestinal flora-mediated mechanisms of polyphenol against GC.
Topics: Biological Availability; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Polyphenols; Stomach Neoplasms; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 35892986
DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29080417 -
Nutrients Mar 2023Global epidemiologic evidence supports an interrelationship between sleep disorders and fruits and vegetable ingestion. Polyphenols, a broad group of plant substances,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Global epidemiologic evidence supports an interrelationship between sleep disorders and fruits and vegetable ingestion. Polyphenols, a broad group of plant substances, are associated with several biologic processes, including oxidative stress and signaling pathways that regulate the expression of genes promoting an anti-inflammatory environment. Understanding whether and how polyphenol intake is related to sleep may provide avenues to improve sleep and contribute to delaying or preventing the development of chronic disease. This review aims to assess the public health implications of the association between polyphenol intake and sleep and to inform future research. The effects of polyphenol intake, including chlorogenic acid, resveratrol, rosmarinic acid, and catechins, on sleep quality and quantity are discussed to identify polyphenol molecules that may improve sleep. Although some animal studies have investigated the mechanisms underlying the effects of polyphenols on sleep, the paucity of trials, especially randomized controlled trials, does not allow for conducting a meta-analysis to reach clear conclusions about the relationships among these studies to support the sleep-improving effects of polyphenols.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Polyphenols; Resveratrol; Sleep; Fruit; Vegetables
PubMed: 36904255
DOI: 10.3390/nu15051257 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2022Lung cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In recent decades, investigators have found that microRNAs, a group of non-coding RNAs, are... (Review)
Review
Lung cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In recent decades, investigators have found that microRNAs, a group of non-coding RNAs, are abnormally expressed in lung cancer, and play important roles in the initiation and progression of lung cancer. These microRNAs have been used as biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets of lung cancer. Polyphenols are natural and bioactive chemicals that are synthesized by plants, and have promising anticancer effects against several kinds of cancer, including lung cancer. Recent studies identified that polyphenols exert their anticancer effects by regulating the expression levels of microRNAs in lung cancer. Targeting microRNAs using polyphenols may provide a novel strategy for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer. In this review, we reviewed the effects of polyphenols on oncogenic and tumor-suppressive microRNAs in lung cancer. We also reviewed and discussed the potential clinical application of polyphenol-regulated microRNAs in lung cancer treatment.
Topics: Anticarcinogenic Agents; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; MicroRNAs; Polyphenols
PubMed: 36144639
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185903 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2021Resveratrol (RSV) (3,4',5 trihydroxystilbene) is a natural non-flavonoid polyphenol widely present in the Mediterranean diet. In particular, RSV is found in grapes,... (Review)
Review
Resveratrol (RSV) (3,4',5 trihydroxystilbene) is a natural non-flavonoid polyphenol widely present in the Mediterranean diet. In particular, RSV is found in grapes, peanuts, berries, and red wine. Many beneficial effects of this molecule on human health have been reported. In fact, it improves some clinical aspects of various diseases, such as obesity, tumors, hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes mellitus. However, little is known about the relationship between this compound and male fertility and the few available results are often controversial. Therefore, this review evaluated the effects of RSV on human male fertility and the mechanisms through which this polyphenol could act on human spermatozoa.
Topics: Arachis; Diet, Mediterranean; Fertility; Fertility Agents, Male; Fruit; Humans; Male; Polyphenols; Resveratrol; Spermatozoa; Vitis; Wine
PubMed: 33923359
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092495 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2020Grapes are rich in primary and secondary metabolites. Among the secondary metabolites, polyphenolic compounds are the most abundant in grape berries. Besides their... (Review)
Review
Grapes are rich in primary and secondary metabolites. Among the secondary metabolites, polyphenolic compounds are the most abundant in grape berries. Besides their important impacts on grape and wine quality, this class of compounds has beneficial effects on human health. Due to their antioxidant activity, polyphenols and phenolic acids can act as anti-inflammatory and anticancerogenic agents, and can modulate the immune system. In grape berries, polyphenols and phenolic acids can be located in the pericarp and seeds, but distribution differs considerably among these tissues. Although some classes of polyphenols and phenolic acids are under strict genetic control, the final content is highly influenced by environmental factors, such as climate, soil, vineyard, and management. This review aims to present the main classes of polyphenolic compounds and phenolic acids in different berry tissues and grape varieties and special emphasis on their beneficial effect on human health.
Topics: Antioxidants; Humans; Polyphenols; Vitis; Wine
PubMed: 33260583
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235604 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2021Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a chronic disease, including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. It should be noted that the occurrence of... (Review)
Review
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a chronic disease, including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. It should be noted that the occurrence of MetS is closely related to oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, ectopic fat accumulation, and the impairment of the antioxidant system, which in turn further aggravates the intracellular oxidative imbalance and inflammatory response. As enriched anti-inflammatory and antioxidant components in plants, natural polyphenols exhibit beneficial effects, including improving liver fat accumulation and dyslipidemia, reducing blood pressure. Hence, they are expected to be useful in the prevention and management of MetS. At present, epidemiological studies indicate a negative correlation between polyphenol intake and MetS incidence. In this review, we summarized and discussed the most promising natural polyphenols (including flavonoid and non-flavonoid drugs) in the precaution and treatment of MetS, including their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, as well as their regulatory functions involved in glycolipid homeostasis.
Topics: Animals; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Progression; Humans; Metabolic Syndrome; Polyphenols; Protective Agents; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 34204038
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116110 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2022The prevalence of cardiovascular disease, oxidative stress-related complications, and chronic age-related illnesses is gradually increasing worldwide. Several causes... (Review)
Review
The prevalence of cardiovascular disease, oxidative stress-related complications, and chronic age-related illnesses is gradually increasing worldwide. Several causes include the ineffectiveness of medicinal treatment therapies, their toxicity, their inability to provide radical solutions in some diseases, and the necessity of multiple drug therapy in certain chronic diseases. It is therefore necessary for alternative treatment methods to be sought. In this review, polyphenols were identified and classified according to their chemical structure, and the sources of these polyphenol molecules are indicated. The cardioprotective, ROS scavenging, anti-aging, anticancer properties of polyphenolic compounds have been demonstrated by the results of many studies, and these natural antioxidant molecules are potential alternative therapeutic agents.
Topics: Antioxidants; Dietary Supplements; Oxidative Stress; Polyphenols; Reactive Oxygen Species
PubMed: 36234762
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196225 -
Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) Jul 2016Resveratrol is a naturally occurring stilbene endowed with multiple health-promoting effects. It is produced by certain plants including several dietary sources such as... (Review)
Review
Resveratrol is a naturally occurring stilbene endowed with multiple health-promoting effects. It is produced by certain plants including several dietary sources such as grapes, apples, raspberries, blueberries, plums, peanuts, and products derived therefrom (e.g., wine). Resveratrol can be isolated and purified from these biological sources or synthesized in a few steps with an overall high yield. This compound and its glucoside, the trans-polydatin piceid, have received worldwide attention for their beneficial effects on cardiovascular, inflammatory, neurodegenerative, metabolic, and age-related diseases. These health-promoting effects are particularly attractive given the prevalence of resveratrol-based nutraceuticals and the paradoxical epidemiologic observation that wine consumption is inversely correlated to the incidence of coronary heart disease. However, the notion of resveratrol as a "magic bullet" was recently challenged by clinical trials showing that this polyphenol does not have a substantial influence on health status and mortality risk. In the present review, we discuss the proposed therapeutic attributes and the mode of molecular actions of resveratrol. We also cover recent pharmacologic efforts to improve the poor bioavailability of resveratrol and influence the transition between body systems in humans. We conclude with some thoughts about future research directions that might be meaningful for resolving controversies surrounding resveratrol.
Topics: Coronary Disease; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Fruit; Glycosides; Humans; Inflammation; Metabolic Diseases; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols; Resveratrol; Stilbenes; Wine
PubMed: 27422505
DOI: 10.3945/an.115.011627 -
Phytotherapy Research : PTR Aug 2016Epilobium angustifolium is a medicinal plant used around the world in traditional medicine for the treatment of many disorders and ailments. Experimental studies have... (Review)
Review
Epilobium angustifolium is a medicinal plant used around the world in traditional medicine for the treatment of many disorders and ailments. Experimental studies have demonstrated that Epilobium extracts possess a broad range of pharmacological and therapeutic effects, including antioxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anti-aging properties. Flavonoids and ellagitannins, such as oenothein B, are among the compounds considered to be the primary biologically active components in Epilobium extracts. In this review, we focus on the biological properties and the potential clinical usefulness of oenothein B, flavonoids, and other polyphenols derived from E. angustifolium. Understanding the biochemical properties and therapeutic effects of polyphenols present in E. angustifolium extracts will benefit further development of therapeutic treatments from this plant. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Topics: Epilobium; Humans; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Polyphenols
PubMed: 27215200
DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5648 -
Nutrients Oct 2015A target-based approach has been used to develop novel drugs in many therapeutic fields. In the final stage of intracellular signaling, transcription factor-DNA... (Review)
Review
A target-based approach has been used to develop novel drugs in many therapeutic fields. In the final stage of intracellular signaling, transcription factor-DNA interactions are central to most biological processes and therefore represent a large and important class of targets for human therapeutics. Thus, we focused on the idea that the disruption of protein dimers and cognate DNA complexes could impair the transcriptional activation and cell transformation regulated by these proteins. Historically, natural products have been regarded as providing the primary leading compounds capable of modulating protein-protein or protein-DNA interactions. Although their mechanism of action is not fully defined, polyphenols including flavonoids were found to act mostly as site-directed small molecule inhibitors on signaling. There are many reports in the literature of screening initiatives suggesting improved drugs that can modulate the transcription factor interactions responsible for disease. In this review, we focus on polyphenol compound inhibitors against dimeric forms of transcription factor components of intracellular signaling pathways (for instance, c-jun/c-fos (Activator Protein-1; AP-1), c-myc/max, Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and β-catenin/T cell factor (Tcf)).
Topics: Humans; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols; Signal Transduction; Transcription Factors; Transcriptional Activation
PubMed: 26529010
DOI: 10.3390/nu7115445