-
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Jun 2023This study explored whether psychosocial intervention applications (apps) are effective in preventing postpartum depression. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
This study explored whether psychosocial intervention applications (apps) are effective in preventing postpartum depression.
METHODS
We conducted an initial article search on 26 March 2020, and the updated search on 17 March 2023 on the electronic databases of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE via Ovid, Scopus, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses A&I. Furthermore, we searched the International Clinical Trials Platform Search Portal (ICTRP), and Clinical Trials.
RESULTS
We identified 2515 references, and sixteen studies were ultimately included in this review. We conducted a meta-analysis of two studies on the onset of postpartum depression. There were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups (RR 0.80; 95% CI 0.62 to 1.04; P = 0.570). We performed a meta-analysis of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The intervention group had significantly lower EPDS scores than the control group (mean difference -0.96; 95% CI -1.44 to -0.48; P < 0.001, I2 = 82%, Chi = 62.75, P < 0.001; high heterogeneity).
CONCLUSION
This study presents the results of current RCTs on interventions with apps, including an app with an automated psychosocial component for preventing postpartum depression that has been conducted. These apps improved the EPDS score; furthermore, they may prevent postpartum depression.
Topics: Female; Humans; Depression, Postpartum; Mobile Applications; Databases, Factual; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychosocial Intervention
PubMed: 37316768
DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05749-5 -
Journal of Primary Care & Community... 2022The fast spread of COVID-19 can cause some psychological disorders for men. One of the psychological disorders is paternal postpartum depression (PPD). The aim of the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The fast spread of COVID-19 can cause some psychological disorders for men. One of the psychological disorders is paternal postpartum depression (PPD). The aim of the present research was to review studies that have investigated paternal postpartum depression during the COVID-19 pandemic.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
For this narrative review, databases such as Google Scholar, Scientific Information Databases (SID), Magiran, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for the full texts of published studies in the Persian and English languages in the period of 2019 to 2021. Finally, 3 articles were selected and reviewed in this study.
RESULTS
The results of this review study were classified into 3 main categories such as (1) The psychological status of men during the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) The effect of paternal PPD on children's development and family psychological status during the COVID-19 pandemic, and (3) The role of healthcare providers in the management of paternal PPD. The findings of the studies showed that paternal PPD increases the rate of child maltreatment, maternal depression, and domestic violence. The promotion of the interpersonal skills of healthcare providers with fathers suffering from depression or psychological problems is the determinant factor of successful results.
CONCLUSIONS
The results showed that paternal PPD has a wide range of consequences in this pandemic. Therefore, it would be recommended that healthcare staff have close contact with families and screen fathers for paternal PPD during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Topics: COVID-19; Child; Depression; Depression, Postpartum; Fathers; Female; Health Personnel; Humans; Male; Pandemics; Postpartum Period; Risk Factors
PubMed: 35818667
DOI: 10.1177/21501319221110421 -
Child and Adolescent Psychiatric... Apr 2016The lasting negative impact of postpartum depression (PPD) on offspring is well established. PPD seems to have an impact on neurobiological pathways linked to... (Review)
Review
The lasting negative impact of postpartum depression (PPD) on offspring is well established. PPD seems to have an impact on neurobiological pathways linked to socioemotional regulation, cognitive and executive function, and physiologic stress response systems. This review focus on examining the current state of research defining the effect of universal, selected, and indicated interventions for PPD on infant neurodevelopment. Given the established lasting, and potentially intergenerational, negative implications of maternal depression, enhanced efforts targeting increased identification and early intervention approaches for PPD that have an impact on health outcomes in both infants and mothers represent a critical public health concern.
Topics: Adult; Child Development; Depression, Postpartum; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant Behavior; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 26980123
DOI: 10.1016/j.chc.2015.11.001 -
American Journal of Obstetrics and... Jun 2021Women with polycystic ovary syndrome are more likely to experience several pregnancy complications including hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes mellitus, and...
BACKGROUND
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome are more likely to experience several pregnancy complications including hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes mellitus, and preterm births than women without polycystic ovary syndrome. However, at present, there is limited research on whether polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with both anxiety and depression during pregnancy and whether this augments a woman's risk of postpartum depression, particularly among high-risk populations who have limited access to care.
OBJECTIVE
Our primary objective was to assess the association between prepregnancy polycystic ovary syndrome and postpartum depression, considering important baseline confounding factors. Our secondary objective was to evaluate the mediating role of prenatal depression and anxiety on the association between polycystic ovary syndrome and postpartum depression.
STUDY DESIGN
This study involved a population-based sample of 3906 postpartum (2-6 months) women who completed the Utah Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System Phase 8 questionnaire (2016-2018). Weighted adjusted prevalence ratios were used to assess the association between polycystic ovary syndrome and postpartum depression, considering potential confounding factors and assessing mediating effects of depression and anxiety experienced during pregnancy.
RESULTS
Following the exclusion criteria, 8.2% of women reported clinical polycystic ovary syndrome and 19.1%, 6.2%, and 4.4% reported irregular periods and acne, irregular periods and hirsutism, and all 3 symptoms, respectively. Moreover, 17.7% and 23.5% reported experiencing prenatal depression and anxiety and 9.5% and 10.2% reported experiencing postpartum depressed mood and anhedonia, respectively. Clinical polycystic ovary syndrome was associated with a 1.76 higher adjusted prevalence ratio (95% confidence interval, 1.03-3.00) for postpartum depressed mood or anhedonia after taking into consideration age, prepregnancy body mass index, race/ethnicity, education, and marital status. A similar higher prevalence was seen for irregular periods and acne (adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.65; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-2.41), irregular periods and hirsutism (adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.82-2.40), and all 3 symptoms (adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.96-3.19) and postpartum depressed mood or anhedonia. Prenatal depression and anxiety mediated 20% and 32% of the effect of clinical polycystic ovary syndrome on postpartum depressed mood and anhedonia, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Clinical polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with postpartum depressed mood and symptoms among this population-based sample inclusive of high-risk mothers. Prenatal depression and anxiety mediate this association, emphasizing the importance of prenatal psychological screening among women with polycystic ovary syndrome. An additional important clinical and public health implication of this study lies in the finding that nearly 20% of women in this population-based sample who reported at least 2 polycystic ovary syndrome symptoms (including at-risk women who may not have access to care) had not received a clinical diagnosis for polycystic ovary syndrome.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anxiety; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression, Postpartum; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Self Report; Young Adult
PubMed: 33412131
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.12.1215 -
Journal of Affective Disorders Oct 2023The current study endeavored to systematically integrate and quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of interpersonal psychological interventions for postpartum... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The current study endeavored to systematically integrate and quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of interpersonal psychological interventions for postpartum depression patients.
METHODS
Four electronic databases Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane and Web of Science were employed for literature retrieval, and the search time was from the inception of the database to May 30, 2022. Literature screening and data extraction were performed independently by two researchers.
RESULTS
A total of 528 studies were screened, and 9 of them were finally included. There were 1012 subjects, 518 of them were assigned in experimental group and 494 in control. Evidence from interpersonal psychological interventions indicated that the data on postpartum depression, satisfaction with family, and social support in both groups after intervention included: depression score [MD = -2.80, 95%CI (-3.86 to -1.74), P < 0.05], satisfaction score [MD = 8.41, 95%CI (1.49 to -15.33), P < 0.05], and social support score [MD = 1.83, 95%CI (-2.10 to -5.76)] of postpartum depression patients. P values < 0.05 indicated substantial improvement as compared to control.
LIMITATIONS
During the research process, it is impossible for the experimental group and the researchers to use double-blind trials simultaneously, which may present a Hawthorne effect, but this can be avoided by general psychological intervention for the control.
CONCLUSIONS
Interpersonal psychotherapy could improve depression in patients with postpartum depression, but the appropriate intervention time was between 4 and 8 weeks, and it also improved satisfaction with family of patients, and the longer the intervention, the higher the satisfaction with the family.
Topics: Female; Humans; Depression, Postpartum; Psychotherapy; Depression; Interpersonal Psychotherapy; Social Support; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 37459968
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.067 -
Maternal and Child Health Journal Jul 2023Postpartum depression estimated prevalence in women is between 5 and 26% and it has adverse effects both on the mother, infant and her partner. Psychological treatments... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Postpartum depression estimated prevalence in women is between 5 and 26% and it has adverse effects both on the mother, infant and her partner. Psychological treatments have proved to be effective for women with mild-to-moderate symptoms. Whereas several systematic reviews have assessed the effects of different psychological interventions for postpartum depression, such as cognitive-behavioural therapy or interpersonal therapy, no review assessing psychodynamic therapy has been carried out. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of psychodynamic therapy for postpartum depression.
METHODS
Studies were identified using the following databases: PsycINFO, Psycarticles and Pubmed over January 2023. The requirements for the studies were the following: they had to be quantitative, available in English, including a psychodynamic intervention targeting treatment or prevention of postpartum depression which starts during pregnancy or within the first 12 months after giving birth. Case studies, qualitative studies or studies focused on improving parent-infant relationship or infant outcome were excluded from this research.
RESULTS
Seven trials including 521 women met the inclusion criteria. In summary, three randomized controlled trials and four longitudinal studies were found. The most frequently used assessment tool was EPDS, five were individual interventions and the other two were group interventions.
DISCUSSION
All studies reported the efficacy of psychodynamic interventions for postpartum depression, both in home and clinical settings and both in group and individual format. The limited number of trials, small sample sizes and lack of appropriate control groups were the main limitations.
CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE
Psychodynamic therapy is probably efficient intervention for postpartum depression. Future research with strong methodological designs is needed to confirm these findings.
SIGNIFICANCE
What is already known on this subject? Several systematic reviews have assessed the effects of different psychological interventions for postpartum depression, but no review assessing psychodynamic therapy has been carried out. What this study adds? A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of psychodynamic therapy for postpartumdepression. This makes the systematic review a unique contribution to the literature.
Topics: Infant; Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Depression, Postpartum; Psychotherapy, Psychodynamic; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Behavior Therapy; Parturition
PubMed: 37029894
DOI: 10.1007/s10995-023-03655-y -
International Journal of Environmental... Oct 2020Women in low- and middle-income countries have high rates of perinatal depression. As smartphones become increasingly accessible around the world, there is an... (Review)
Review
Women in low- and middle-income countries have high rates of perinatal depression. As smartphones become increasingly accessible around the world, there is an opportunity to explore innovative mHealth tools for the prevention, screening, and management of perinatal depression. We completed a scoping review of the literature pertaining to the use of mobile phone technologies for perinatal depression in low-and middle-income countries. PubMed CINHAL, and Google Scholar databases were searched, generating 423 results. 12 articles met our inclusion criteria. Two of the 12 articles reviewed mobile phone applications. The remaining 9 articles were study protocols or descriptive/intervention studies. Our results reveal that minimal literature is currently available on the use of mobile health for perinatal depression in low- and middle-income countries. We found four articles that present the results of an intervention that were delivered through mobile phones for the treatment of perinatal depressive symptoms and an additional qualitative study describing the perceptions of mothers receiving cognitive behavioral therapy via telephones. These studies demonstrated that depressive symptoms improved after the interventions. There is potential to improve the quality of mHealth interventions, specifically mobile phone applications for perinatal depressive symptoms and depression, through meaningful collaborative work between healthcare professionals and application developers.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cell Phone; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression; Depression, Postpartum; Developing Countries; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Middle Aged; Mobile Applications; Pregnancy; Single-Blind Method; Telemedicine; Young Adult
PubMed: 33096738
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207679 -
PloS One 2021Postpartum hemorrhage is an important cause of maternal death and morbidity. However, it is unclear whether women who experience postpartum hemorrhage are at an...
BACKGROUND
Postpartum hemorrhage is an important cause of maternal death and morbidity. However, it is unclear whether women who experience postpartum hemorrhage are at an increased risk of postpartum depression.
OBJECTIVES
To examine whether postpartum hemorrhage is associated with postpartum depression.
METHODS
We conducted a national register-based cohort study of 486,476 Swedish-born women who had a singleton livebirth between 2007 and 2014. We excluded women with pre-existing depression or who filled a prescription for an antidepressant before childbirth. We classified postpartum depression up to 12 months after giving birth by the presence of an International Classification of Diseases, version 10 (ICD-10) diagnosis code for depression or a filled outpatient prescription for an antidepressant. We used Cox proportional hazard models, adjusting for maternal sociodemographic and obstetric factors.
RESULTS
Postpartum depression was identified in 2.0% (630/31,663) of women with postpartum hemorrhage and 1.9% (8601/455,059) of women without postpartum hemorrhage. In our unadjusted analysis, postpartum hemorrhage was not associated with postpartum depression (unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97-1.15). After adjusting for maternal age, parity, education, cohabitation status, maternal smoking status, and early pregnancy maternal BMI, gestational age, and birthweight, the association did not appreciably change, with confidence intervals overlapping the null (adjusted HR = 1.08, 95% CI 0.99, 1.17).
CONCLUSIONS
Within a population-based cohort of singleton women in Sweden with no prior history of depression, postpartum hemorrhage was not associated with postpartum depression.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cohort Studies; Depression, Postpartum; Educational Status; Female; Humans; Maternal Age; Postpartum Hemorrhage; Pregnancy; Proportional Hazards Models; Registries; Retrospective Studies; Sweden; Young Adult
PubMed: 34379698
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255938 -
Nutrients May 2019Taiwanese women may practice traditional confinement after childbirth, and no study has investigated the nutritional status and the effects of postpartum depression on...
Taiwanese women may practice traditional confinement after childbirth, and no study has investigated the nutritional status and the effects of postpartum depression on such women. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between nutritional status and postpartum depression at 6-8 weeks postpartum. A cross-sectional study was conducted on postpartum women who returned to the obstetrics and gynecology clinic for routine examination from January 2016 to September 2017. A total of 344 women received assessments based on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). An EPDS score of ≥10 indicated the presence of postpartum depressive symptoms (PPDS). A total of 97 women without such symptoms and 23 with PPDS completed nutritional parameter analyses and questionnaires. The results showed that the prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) was 8.4%. The proportion was 70% for those who practiced confinement at home, significantly higher than for those in the non-PPDS group (45%). The overall psychological stress score was significantly higher and the postpartum care satisfaction score was significantly lower in those with PPDS compared to those without. In terms of nutritional biomarkers, the plasma riboflavin levels in the PPDS group were significantly lower than those in their symptomless counterparts (13.9%). The vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency rates in the non-PPD and PPDS groups were 35%, 41%, 48%, 26%, respectively. However, compared with those in the non-PPDS group, those with PPDS had significantly higher ratios of Σn-6/Σn-3, C20:3n-6/C18:3n-6, and C20:4n-6/(C20:5n-3 + C22:6n-3) (by 8.2%, 79.7%, and 8.8%, respectively), whereas they had lower ratios of C22:6n-3/C22:5n-6 (by 15.5%). Higher plasma riboflavin and erythrocyte C16:1n-9, C24:1n-9, C18:3n-6, and C20:5n-3 levels and lower Σn-6 fatty acid and C22:5n-6 levels decreased the risk of PPD after type of confinement, overall mental stress scores, and postpartum care satisfaction scores were adjusted for the logistic regression analysis. In conclusion, the plasma riboflavin level and erythrocyte fatty acid composition are potentially major contributors to PPD development.
Topics: Adult; Affect; Biomarkers; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression, Postpartum; Erythrocytes; Fatty Acids; Female; Humans; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Nutritional Status; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Riboflavin; Risk Factors; Taiwan
PubMed: 31141947
DOI: 10.3390/nu11061204 -
Health & Social Care in the Community Jul 2015Postpartum depression (PPD) is a serious maternal mental health issue that negatively impacts new mothers and their infants. Various interventions have been studied and... (Review)
Review
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a serious maternal mental health issue that negatively impacts new mothers and their infants. Various interventions have been studied and one that has shown promise is social support delivered by peers. Understanding what previous studies on peer support interventions have found will contribute to the development and implementation of future peer support interventions for women with PPD. To this end, a systematic search and narrative review of studies that investigated peer support interventions for PPD was conducted. Relevant studies were identified using CINAHL, Medline, PsychINFO and the Cochrane Library published between 2000 and 2010. Six studies matching inclusion criteria were reviewed. Each of the studies had specific selection criteria and some used screening tools for recruitment. There were differences regarding the criteria for volunteers. All volunteers participated in some form of training and had support from a co-ordinator. Interventions varied in terms of length and nature of support offered, frequency and mode of delivery. Volunteers reported positively on their experience, although there were some challenges in providing support. Overall findings suggest that interventions should be targeted and take into consideration the age of the mother, any cultural and linguistic differences, the mother's circumstances and her needs. All volunteers should receive training before providing support and be screened for their ability to commit their time. Although the results were mixed, they provide insights into how peer support volunteers can be an innovative part of a team approach to PPD intervention.
Topics: Counseling; Depression, Postpartum; Female; Humans; Mothers; Peer Group; Social Support; Volunteers
PubMed: 25346377
DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12125