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Heart Asia 2019A 25-year-old woman with a diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and pre-excitation on ECG presented with unexplained syncope and daily palpitation. Genetic...
CLINICAL INTRODUCTION
A 25-year-old woman with a diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and pre-excitation on ECG presented with unexplained syncope and daily palpitation. Genetic testing was positive for lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) mutation which confirmed the diagnosis of Danon disease. Her younger sister was diagnosed with a similar condition and received a defibrillator implantation. Her 12-lead ECG (figure 1) and a long strip tracing (figure 2) are shown below.Figure 112-lead ECG.
QUESTION
Where is the location of the accessory pathway and what is the next appropriate management?Anteroseptal pathway and catheter ablationMid-septal pathway and pacemaker/defibrillator implantationRight lateral pathway and catheter ablationFasciculoventricular pathway and electrophysiological studyLeft lateral pathway and electrophysiological study.
PubMed: 31031837
DOI: 10.1136/heartasia-2018-011174 -
Journal of Arrhythmia Jun 2023Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is the standard method of treatment for tachyarrhythmias in school children, and it leads to complete recovery in children without...
BACKGROUND
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is the standard method of treatment for tachyarrhythmias in school children, and it leads to complete recovery in children without structural heart disease. However, RFA in young children is limited by the risk of complications and unstudied remote effects of radiofrequency lesions.
OBJECTIVE
To present the experience of RFA of arrhythmias and the results of follow-up of younger children.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
RFA procedures ( = 255) were performed in 209 children with arrhythmias from 0 to 7 years old. The arrhythmias were presented with atrioventricular reentry tachycardia with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome (56%), atrial ectopic tachycardia (21.5%), atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (4.8%), and ventricular arrhythmia (17.2%).
RESULTS
The overall effectiveness of RFA, considering the repeated procedures performed due to the primary ineffectiveness and recurrencies, was 94.7%. There was no mortality associated with RFA in patients, including young patients. All cases of "major" complications are associated with RFA of the left-sided accessory pathway and tachycardia foci and are represented by the mitral valve damage in three patients (1.4%). Tachycardia and preexcitation recurred in 44 (21%) patients. There was a correlation between recurrences and parameters of RFA (odds ratio 0.894; 95% confidence interval: 0.804-0.994; = .039). Reducing the maximum power of effective applications in our study increased the risk of recurrence.
CONCLUSION
The use of the minimum effective parameters of RFA in children reduces the risk of complications, but increases arrhythmia recurrence rate.
PubMed: 37324759
DOI: 10.1002/joa3.12827 -
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 2021In recent years, Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome and Brugada electrocardiogram (ECG) patterns have been reported as coexistent in the same patient. In most cases,...
In recent years, Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome and Brugada electrocardiogram (ECG) patterns have been reported as coexistent in the same patient. In most cases, the two waveforms appeared separately. Here, we described combinations of different waveforms on one ECG, such as the Brugada pattern with delta waves and the Brugada pattern with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). Importantly, we recorded an alternate conversion of these combined ECG waveforms, which has not previously been reported in the literature. At the same time, we confirmed that the change in the waveform was related to fever by analyzing Holter data. A 48-year-old male was admitted to our hospital due to palpitations and fever. The patient had a history of a cold 3 days ago. Laboratory examinations showed an elevated neutrophil percentage (85%) and troponin I level (0.86 ng/ml). A chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed inflammation in the right lung. The diagnosis of pneumonia and myocarditis was made. ECG indicated WPW syndrome and the Brugada pattern. We recorded the dynamic changes in this combination of delta waves and Brugada waves with a Holter monitor, and we found the changes would happen when the patient's body temperature rose. The doctors thought that the patient's pulmonary infection led to fever, which caused the changes in waveform. After treatment with antibacterial therapy and supportive care, his body temperature returned to normal. The various laboratory indicators also gradually returned to normal. The doctor recommended that the patient undergo further pre-excitation bypass radiofrequency ablation treatment, but the patient refused and was discharged. Delta waves and Brugada ECG patterns could appear on one ECG at the same time. There were dynamic changes of QRS complex, relating to fever.
PubMed: 34746247
DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.711364 -
Pediatric Cardiology Apr 2020Children with ventricular pre-excitation are at risk for sudden death. This retrospective pediatric study identified patients > 8 years of age who had undergone...
Children with ventricular pre-excitation are at risk for sudden death. This retrospective pediatric study identified patients > 8 years of age who had undergone electrophysiology study (EPS). Our primary objective was to determine the performance characteristics of non-invasive risk stratification. Subjects were separated into two groups. Group 1 was asymptomatic or had non-specific symptoms (palpitations, chest pain, and light headedness) without documented supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Group 2 had syncope, documented SVT, or a life-threatening event. As a secondary aim, we tested whether patients with severe symptoms had a shorter time from the date of diagnosis to the date of invasive risk stratification. Among 93 patients with an average age of 14.2 years, 25 patients had documented SVT, 6 had syncope, and 1 had a life-threatening event. The sensitivity of non-invasive risk stratification was 7%. The specificity was 91%. The positive predictive valve was 14% and the negative predictive value was 84%. Even patients with severe symptoms commonly underwent non-invasive risk stratification prior to EPS, albeit at a lower rate (Group 1, 98%; Group 2 84%, p = 0.02). The median time to EPS was 4.2 months (Group 1) and 4.5 months (Group 2, p = 0.63). Non-invasive risk stratification was a poor predictor of invasive risk stratification. Cardiologists should counsel families about the limitations of non-invasive risk stratification and consider starting with invasive risk stratification and possible ablation. Counterintuitively, severe symptoms were not associated with a shorter time to electrophysiology study.
Topics: Adolescent; Case-Control Studies; Child; Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac; Female; Humans; Male; Pre-Excitation Syndromes; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tachycardia, Supraventricular
PubMed: 31974716
DOI: 10.1007/s00246-020-02285-3 -
Anatolian Journal of Cardiology Jun 2021Incomplete right bundle branch block (IRBBB), an entity undefined by a general consensus, can express a large pallet of both benign and pathological patterns. IRBBB is a...
Incomplete right bundle branch block (IRBBB), an entity undefined by a general consensus, can express a large pallet of both benign and pathological patterns. IRBBB is a common electrocardiogram (ECG) finding at all ages, more frequent in men and athletes. Usually, IRBBB does not need further evaluation; however, if abnormalities are found on the clinical exam, heart disease should be excluded. The RSR’ pattern and a QRS width below 100 ms define the crista supraventricularis (CSV) pattern. CSV is a right ventricular crest, one of the last structures to be depolarized by the Purkinje network. CSV pattern might result from posterior apex deviation, subpulmonic area delay, or late CSV activation. IRBBB can appear because of higher placement of electrodes V1 and V2 and pectus excavatum, in which P wave is negative, or in athletes, considered a benign pattern unless family history, symptoms, or left ventricular hypertrophy. It is necessary to differentiate IRBBB from pathological patterns such as type-2 Brugada ECG pattern, right ventricular enlargement, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, ventricular preexcitation—Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome, and hyperkalemia. Examiners should be particularly alert to the splitting of the second heart sound because RBBB is a common finding in ostium secundum atrial septal defect. Therefore, clinicians need to be familiar with this ECG finding, which is not always a benign condition.
Topics: Bundle-Branch Block; Electrocardiography; Humans
PubMed: 34100724
DOI: 10.5152/AnatolJCardiol.2021.84375 -
Cardiology Research and Practice 2021The relationship between ventricular pre-excitation and left ventricular dysfunction has been described in the absence of sustained supraventricular tachycardia in a...
INTRODUCTION
The relationship between ventricular pre-excitation and left ventricular dysfunction has been described in the absence of sustained supraventricular tachycardia in a series of case reports. However, there have been no systematic studies about the effect of ventricular pre-excitation on cardiac function in adult patients with different accessory pathway locations.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Patients were divided into four groups based on the type and location of their accessory pathway: septal, right free wall, left free wall, and concealed. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels, electrocardiogram recordings, electrophysiological properties, and transthoracic echocardiographic data (septal-to-posterior wall motion delay (SPWMD) and interventricular mechanical delay (IVMD) indicating intraventricular and interventricular dyssynchrony) were compared before and after successful ablation. Before radiofrequency catheter ablation, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly lower in patients with septal and right free wall accessory pathways. Within three months after radiofrequency catheter ablation, NT-proBNP levels decreased, left ventricular function improved, and intraventricular left ventricular dyssynchrony disappeared. There was a negative correlation between initial LVEF with initial QRS duration and initial SPWMD. Notably, SPWMD had a stronger correlation with LVEF than initial QRS duration.
CONCLUSIONS
Anterograde conduction with a septal or right free wall accessory pathway may cause left ventricular dyssynchrony and impair left ventricular function. Intraventricular left ventricular dyssynchrony seems to be responsible for the pathogenesis of left ventricular dysfunction. Radiofrequency catheter ablation results in decreased NT-proBNP levels, normalized QRS duration, mechanical resynchronization, and improved left ventricular function.
PubMed: 33489357
DOI: 10.1155/2021/8841736 -
Journal of the Chinese Medical... Dec 2016The aim of this study was to investigate whether mutation in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) subunit genes (PRKAG3-230) is associated with sporadic, isolated...
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to investigate whether mutation in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) subunit genes (PRKAG3-230) is associated with sporadic, isolated Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome.
METHODS
This study consisted of 87 patients with symptomatic WPW syndrome and 93 healthy controls. PRKAG3-230 genotypes were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. Genotype and allele frequencies of PRKAG3-230 between patients with WPW syndrome and healthy controls were ascertained using chi-square test or Fisher exact test when appropriate.
RESULTS
PRKAG3-230 were genotyped in 87 patients (53 men and 34 women; age=24.4±18.0 years) with WPW syndrome and 93 healthy controls (57 men and 36 women; age=16.8±4.2 years). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age and sex. The patients with CG and CG+CC genotypes had a significantly increased risk of WPW syndrome compared with those with GG genotype [odds ratio (OR)=1.99, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.01-3.89, p=0.045; OR=1.99, 95% CI=1.04-3.78, p=0.037, respectively]. The allelic types were not associated with the risk of WPW syndrome. The patients with manifest type with CG and CG+CC genotypes had a significantly increased risk of WPW syndrome compared with those with GG genotype (OR=2.86, 95% CI=1.16-7.05, p=0.022; OR=2.84, 95% CI=1.19-6.80, p=0.019, respectively). The patients with right-side accessory pathways with CG and CG+CC genotypes had a significantly increased risk of WPW syndrome compared with those with GG genotype (OR=3.07, 95% CI=1.25-7.51, p=0.014; OR=2.84, 95% CI=1.19-6.80, p=0.019, respectively). The allelic types were not associated with the risk of WPW types and locations.
CONCLUSION
This study shows that PRKAG3-230 may be associated with sporadic WPW syndrome among a Taiwanese population. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the role of mutations in AMPK subunit genes other than PRKAG3-230 in sporadic WPW syndrome.
Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Adolescent; Adult; Child; Gene Frequency; Genotype; Humans; Male; Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome; Young Adult
PubMed: 27866917
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2016.08.008 -
Indian Heart Journal 2023radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA) is the first-line therapy for symptomatic Wolff Parkinson White (WPW) patients according to the American Heart Association. We... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA) is the first-line therapy for symptomatic Wolff Parkinson White (WPW) patients according to the American Heart Association. We conducted this study to assess the success rate, recurrence rate, and rate of complications associated with the utilization of radiofrequency catheter ablation for managing patients with WPW.
METHOD
We searched PubMed, Cochrane library, Web of Science and Scopus databases using all identified keywords and index terms through 4 January 2022. We included all studies conducted on WPW patients who were treated with ablation. We conducted the analysis using Open Meta Analyst and MedCalc version 19.1.
RESULTS
Among 2268 unique articles identified, only 11 articles met our inclusion criteria. The pooled effect estimates showed high success rate (94.1%[95%CI:92.3-95.9], p < 0.001)), low recurrence rate (6.2% [95%CI:4.5-7.8, p < 0.001]) and low rate of complications (1%[95%CI:0.4-1.5, p < 0.001]).
CONCLUSION
RFA showed a high success rate, low recurrence rate and low rate of complications in WPW patients.
Topics: United States; Humans; Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome; Catheter Ablation; American Heart Association; Data Management
PubMed: 36758831
DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2023.02.001 -
Cardiology Journal 2022
Topics: Accessory Atrioventricular Bundle; Catheter Ablation; Child; Electrocardiography; Humans; Physical Functional Performance; Pilot Projects; Pre-Excitation Syndromes; Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
PubMed: 35621093
DOI: 10.5603/CJ.a2022.0027 -
Scientific Reports Apr 2021Cardiac accessory pathways (APs) in Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome are conventionally diagnosed with decision tree algorithms; however, there are problems with...
Cardiac accessory pathways (APs) in Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome are conventionally diagnosed with decision tree algorithms; however, there are problems with clinical usage. We assessed the efficacy of the artificial intelligence model using electrocardiography (ECG) and chest X-rays to identify the location of APs. We retrospectively used ECG and chest X-rays to analyse 206 patients with WPW syndrome. Each AP location was defined by an electrophysiological study and divided into four classifications. We developed a deep learning model to classify AP locations and compared the accuracy with that of conventional algorithms. Moreover, 1519 chest X-ray samples from other datasets were used for prior learning, and the combined chest X-ray image and ECG data were put into the previous model to evaluate whether the accuracy improved. The convolutional neural network (CNN) model using ECG data was significantly more accurate than the conventional tree algorithm. In the multimodal model, which implemented input from the combined ECG and chest X-ray data, the accuracy was significantly improved. Deep learning with a combination of ECG and chest X-ray data could effectively identify the AP location, which may be a novel deep learning model for a multimodal model.
Topics: Accessory Atrioventricular Bundle; Deep Learning; Retrospective Studies; Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
PubMed: 33850245
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87631-y