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BMC Endocrine Disorders Apr 2022This study aimed to compare the clinical features and prognoses of patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) who underwent endovascular repair for aortic aneurysm...
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to compare the clinical features and prognoses of patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) who underwent endovascular repair for aortic aneurysm (AA).
METHODS
We analyzed the clinical database of a prospective multicenter study, registering 929 patients who underwent their first endovascular AA repair in Japan between January 2016 and June 2018. The baseline characteristics and prognoses (including all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events) after repair were compared between the DM and non-DM groups. Prognoses were also compared between the groups after propensity score matching.
RESULTS
In total, 226 patients (24.3%) had DM. Compared with non-DM patients, DM patients had higher pack-years of smoking (P = 0.011), higher body mass index (P = 0.009), lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P = 0.038), higher triglyceride levels (P = 0.025), and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (P = 0.005). Meanwhile, the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and blood pressure levels showed no significant intergroup difference (all P > 0.05). DM patients had a higher prevalence of myocardial infarction (P = 0.016), history of coronary revascularization (P = 0.015), and lower extremity artery disease (P = 0.019). Lesion characteristics and procedures were similar between the groups (all P > 0.05). DM patients had a higher risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events than non-DM patients (both P < 0.001). Subsequent propensity score matching also demonstrated that DM patients had a significantly lower rate of overall survival (P = 0.001) and freedom from cardiovascular events (P = 0.010). The Kaplan-Meier estimates at 1 year for the overall survival were 85.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 80.9% to 90.5%) and 94.3% (95% CI, 91.7% to 97.0%) for patients with and without DM, respectively. The corresponding estimates for freedom from cardiovascular events were 79.8% (95% CI, 74.5% to 85.5%) and 87.7% (95% CI, 84.2% to 91.3%), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Among patients undergoing endovascular AA repair, those with DM had more cardiovascular risk factors. DM patients had a higher incidence rate of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events. Matching analysis indicated that DM per se would be a risk factor for poor prognoses after AA repair.
Topics: Aortic Aneurysm; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; Cholesterol; Diabetes Mellitus; Endovascular Procedures; Humans; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Stroke Volume; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Ventricular Function, Left
PubMed: 35392888
DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01008-4 -
Medicine Jan 2016The aim of the study was to explore the association between mucin 5ac expression and cancer prognosis. A systematically comprehensive search was performed through... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The aim of the study was to explore the association between mucin 5ac expression and cancer prognosis. A systematically comprehensive search was performed through PubMed, the Web of Science, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The prognostic value of mucin 5ac expression in cancer patients was evaluated. The overexpression of mucin 5ac was found to be significantly associated with a poor prognosis in cancer patients (pooled HR: 1.53, 95%CI: 1.158-2.028, P = 0.003). This association was also detected in a biliary subgroup (pooled HR: 1.83, 95%CI: 1.269-2.639, P = 0.001) and a gastrointestinal subgroup (pooled HR: 1.44, 95%CI: 1.069-1.949 P = 0.017). In the geography subgroup analysis, a statistical association was found in the Asian subgroup (pooled HR: 1.69, 95%CI: 1.200-2.384, P = 0.003). In the clinical characteristics analysis, a statistical association was found between the hyper expression of mucin 5ac and lymphatic metastasis. We indicated that mucin 5ac is a promising prognostic predictor for cancer, especially for biliary and gastrointestinal cancer, and is more suitable for predicting cancer prognoses in Asians.
Topics: Asian People; Biomarkers, Tumor; China; Humans; Mucin 5AC; Neoplasms; Prognosis
PubMed: 26735541
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000002396 -
European Journal of Medical Research Dec 2022The optimal time point for surgical resection of synchronous colorectal liver metastases (SCLMs) is still controversial. This meta-analysis evaluated the safety and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
The optimal time point for surgical resection of synchronous colorectal liver metastases (SCLMs) is still controversial. This meta-analysis evaluated the safety and long-term prognoses of simultaneous and staged resection of SCLM to provide a reference for clinical selection.
METHODS
A systematic literature search for studies published by October 2022 was performed using PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Library. The evaluated outcome parameters were total, gastrointestinal and hepatic complications, as well as perioperative mortality, intraoperative blood loss, total hospital stay, 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and 5-year overall survival (OS).
RESULTS
This meta-analysis included 22 nonrandomised and one randomised study comprising 4862 patients. The patients undergoing simultaneous resection of SCLM had similar total (OR = 0.88, 95% CI [0.66-1.19], P = 0.409), gastrointestinal (OR = 1.19, 95% CI [0.89-1.59], P = 0.241) and hepatic (OR = 1.04, 95% CI [0.83-1.31], P = 0.734) complications, as well as perioperative mortality (OR = 1.79, 95% CI [0.88-3.64], P = 0.108), 5-year DFS (HR = 1.26, 95% CI [0.96-1.66], P = 0.098) and 5-year OS (HR = 1.13, 95% CI [0.95-1.34], P = 0.164). Lower intraoperative blood loss (SMD = - 0.39, 95% CI [- 0.60 to - 0.18], P < 0.001) and shorter total hospital stay (WMD = - 5.43, 95% CI [- 7.29 to - 3.58], P < 0.001) were observed in the simultaneous-resection group versus the staged group.
CONCLUSIONS
Simultaneous resection is safe and effective for SCLM patients. The long-term prognosis is equivalent to that of the traditional staged resection. Correct selection of resectable SCLM patients for the simultaneous resection of the primary tumour and liver metastases can be the first choice. Owing to the potential heterogeneity, more RCTs should be included to verify our conclusions.
Topics: Humans; Colorectal Neoplasms; Blood Loss, Surgical; Liver Neoplasms; Hepatectomy; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 36529740
DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00937-z -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Jul 2021Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a group of ncRNAs with more than 200 nucleotides. These RNAs can specifically regulate gene expression at both the... (Review)
Review
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a group of ncRNAs with more than 200 nucleotides. These RNAs can specifically regulate gene expression at both the transcriptional and the post-transcriptional levels, and increasing evidence indicates that they play vital roles in a variety of disease-related cellular processes. The lncRNA GAS8 antisense RNA 1 (GAS8-AS1, also known as C16orf3) is located in the second intron of GAS8 and has been reported to be both abnormally expressed in several diseases and closely correlated with many clinical characteristics. GAS8-AS1 has been shown to affect many biological functions, including cell proliferation, migration, invasiveness, and autophagy using several signaling pathways. In this review, we have summarized current studies on GAS8-AS1 roles in disease and discuss its potential clinical utility. GAS8-AS1 may be a promising biomarker for both diagnoses and prognoses, and a novel target for many disease therapies.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Diagnosis; Disease; Humans; Prognosis; RNA, Long Noncoding
PubMed: 33838502
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111572 -
Translational Research : the Journal of... Apr 2023With the increasing prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) among aging populations and the limited therapeutic options available to slow or reverse its progression, the... (Review)
Review
With the increasing prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) among aging populations and the limited therapeutic options available to slow or reverse its progression, the need has never been greater for improved diagnostic tools for identifying patients in the preclinical and prodomal phases of AD. Biophysics models of the connectome-based spread of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and microtubule-associated protein tau (τ) have enjoyed recent success as tools for predicting the time course of AD-related pathological changes. However, given the complex etiology of AD, which involves not only connectome-based spread of protein pathology but also the interactions of many molecular and cellular players over multiple spatiotemporal scales, more robust, complete biophysics models are needed to better understand AD pathophysiology and ultimately provide accurate patient-specific diagnoses and prognoses. Here we discuss several areas of active research in AD whose insights can be used to enhance the mathematical modeling of AD pathology as well as recent attempts at developing improved connectome-based biophysics models. These efforts toward a comprehensive yet parsimonious mathematical description of AD hold great promise for improving both the diagnosis of patients at risk for AD and our mechanistic understanding of how AD progresses.
Topics: Humans; Alzheimer Disease; Connectome; tau Proteins; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Prognosis
PubMed: 36031051
DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.08.008 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2022Despite all the important advances in its diagnosis and treatment, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is still one of the most prominent causes of morbidity and mortality... (Review)
Review
Despite all the important advances in its diagnosis and treatment, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is still one of the most prominent causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early identification of patients at high risk of poor outcomes through the measurement of various biomarker concentrations might contribute to more accurate risk stratification and help to guide more individualized therapeutic strategies, thus improving prognoses. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the role and applications of cardiac biomarkers in risk stratification and prognostic assessment for patients with myocardial infarction. Although there is no ideal biomarker that can provide prognostic information for risk assessment in patients with AMI, the results obtained in recent years are promising. Several novel biomarkers related to the pathophysiological processes found in patients with myocardial infarction, such as inflammation, neurohormonal activation, myocardial stress, myocardial necrosis, cardiac remodeling and vasoactive processes, have been identified; they may bring additional value for AMI prognosis when included in multi-biomarker strategies. Furthermore, the use of artificial intelligence algorithms for risk stratification and prognostic assessment in these patients may have an extremely important role in improving outcomes.
Topics: Artificial Intelligence; Biomarkers; Humans; Myocardial Infarction; Prognosis; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 36012430
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169168 -
BMC Cancer Oct 2023Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a common type of malignant tumor with poor prognosis and high mortality. In our previous studies, we found that estrogen is an important...
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a common type of malignant tumor with poor prognosis and high mortality. In our previous studies, we found that estrogen is an important risk factor for LUAD, and different estrogen statuses can predict different prognoses. Therefore, in this study, we constructed a prognostic signature related to estrogen reactivity to determine the relationship between different estrogen reactivities and prognosis. We downloaded the LUAD dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, calculated the estrogen reactivity of each sample, and divided them into a high-estrogen reactivity group and a low-estrogen reactivity group. The difference in overall survival between the groups was significant. We also analyzed the status of immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression between the groups. We analyzed the differential gene expression between the groups and screened four key prognostic factors by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and univariable and multivariable Cox regression. Based on the four genes, a risk signature was established. To a certain extent, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed the predictive ability of the risk signature, which was further verified using the GSE31210 dataset. We also determined the role of estrogen in LUAD using an orthotopic mouse model. Additionally, we developed a predictive nomogram combining the risk signature with other clinical characteristics. In conclusion, our four-gene prognostic signature based on estrogen reactivity had prognostic value and can provide new insights into the development of treatment strategies for LUAD.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Prognosis; Adenocarcinoma of Lung; Nomograms; Estrogens; Lung Neoplasms
PubMed: 37907850
DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11415-y -
Cancer Medicine Aug 2023Immune factors contribute to the onset of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Arginine metabolism affects tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) polarization. This study...
INTRODUCTION
Immune factors contribute to the onset of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Arginine metabolism affects tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) polarization. This study investigated the infiltration of TAMs and effect of arginine metabolism key enzymes on MDS prognosis.
METHODS
We used the GEO (Gene Express Omnibus database) dataset "GSE19429" to analyze and compare metabolism-associated pathways between MDS patients with excess blasts and those without. The markers of TAMs and arginine metabolism key enzymes, including CD68, iNOS, ARG1 and ASS1 were included in this study. A cohort of 79 patients with acute myeloid leukemia or MDS extracted from GenomicScape's online data mining platform was used to analyze the prognostic significance of the mRNA levels. Fifty-eight patients with primary MDS admitted to Sichuan University's West China Hospital from 2013 to 2017 were evaluated for protein levels. The coexpression of CD68, iNOS, and ARG1 was investigated using an Opal polychromatic immunofluorescence kit.
RESULTS
The "Arginine and proline metabolism" pathways (p = 0.01) were associated with excess blasts in patients with MDS. In the mRNA expression cohort, patients with low NOS2 (or iNOS) and high ARG1, ASS1, and CD68 expression levels had worse prognosis. Patients with high CD68 (p = 0.01), high iNOS (p < 0.01), low ARG1 (p = 0.01), and negative ASS1 (p = 0.02) protein expression levels had better prognoses. iNOS and ARG1 were coexpressed with CD68 in MDS patients with or without excess blasts, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Arginine metabolism may contribute to the prognosis of patients with MDS by affecting TAM polarization.
Topics: Humans; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Prognosis; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Macrophages; RNA, Messenger
PubMed: 37366304
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6287 -
Aging Aug 2023Tumor oncogenesis, cancer metastasis, and immune evasion were substantially impacted by the mammalian target of the rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway. However, in...
Tumor oncogenesis, cancer metastasis, and immune evasion were substantially impacted by the mammalian target of the rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway. However, in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), no mTORC1 signaling-based gene signature has ever been published. mTORC1 scores were computed employing a single sample gene set enrichment analysis based on databases including the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The PAG1, LHFPL2, and FABP5 expression levels were obtained to construct a mTORC1 pathway-related model. In two databases, the overall survival (OS) rate was shorter for high-mTORC1 score patients compared to those with low scores. The activation of TFs in the group with high risk was enhanced, such as the HIF-1 pathway. Additionally, it was discovered that a high mTORC1 score was linked to an immune exclusion phenotype and enhanced immunosuppressive cell infiltration. Notably, it was discovered that high-mTORC1 scores patients had poorer immunotherapeutic results and might not gain benefit from immunotherapy. When compared to the low HCC metastatic cell lines, the high HCC metastatic cell lines have overexpressed levels of PAG1, LHFPL2, and FABP5 expression. The expression of PAG1, LHFPL2, and FABP5 was inhibited by the MAPK and mTORC1 pathway inhibitors. Our study identified mTORC1 score signature can aid in the development of individualized immunotherapy protocols and predict the HCC patients' prognoses.
Topics: Humans; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Liver Neoplasms; Prognosis; Carcinogenesis; Immunotherapy; Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; Membrane Proteins; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
PubMed: 37589508
DOI: 10.18632/aging.204862 -
Epigenetics Dec 2023Patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) have poor prognoses and low overall survival (OS) rates owing to its heterogeneity and the complexity of its tumour...
Patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) have poor prognoses and low overall survival (OS) rates owing to its heterogeneity and the complexity of its tumour microenvironment (TME). N6-methyladenosine (mA) modification plays a key role in the initiation and progression of haematopoietic malignancies. However, the underlying function of mA regulators in AML remains elusive. This study thoroughly analysed the mA modification features of 177 AML patients based on 22 mA regulators. Utilizing unsupervised clustering, we determined three distinct mA modification patterns related to different biological functions, TME cell-infiltrating characteristics and clinical outcomes. Additionally, a risk score was constructed based on six mA regulators-associated prognostic signatures and was validated as an independent and valuable prognostic factor for AML. Patients with a low-risk score exhibited better survival than those with a high-risk score. Many mA regulators were aberrantly expressed in AML, among which and were observed to be associated with the OS of AML. In addition, these four mA regulators were found to be noticeably related to the immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatments. Finally, we verified the expression levels of these four mA regulators in AML and healthy samples and three groups of AML patients with different risk categories. Collectively, our study indicates that the mA modification pattern is involved in TME immune-infiltrating characteristics and prognosis in AML. A better understanding of the mA modification pattern will help enhance our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of AML and develop potential prognosis prediction indicators and more effective immunotherapeutic strategies.
Topics: Humans; Tumor Microenvironment; DNA Methylation; Prognosis; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; RNA
PubMed: 36567510
DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2022.2160134